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List of government space agencies
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Government space agencies, established by countries and regional groups, advocate and manage activities related to outer space and space exploration. Their objectives include national prestige, economic development, education, communications, and remote sensing. These primarily civil agencies range from small-budget organizations to major entities like the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Roscosmos of Russia, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and the China National Space Agency (CNSA). Agencies are classified by their capabilities, from establishing space systems to human spaceflight proficiency.

Overview

As of 2024, nearly 80 different government space agencies are in existence, including more than 70 national space agencies and several international agencies.

Overview of space agencies
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Country ororganizationNameAcronymFoundedFirst space travelerOperates satellitesBuilds satellitesRecoverable payloads capable
 African UnionAfrican Space AgencyAfSA24 January 2023
 AlgeriaAlgerian Space AgencyASAL16 Jan 20021(Alcomsat-1)(AlSAT-1)
 ArgentinaComisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales2CONAE1961 (CNIE)28 May 1991 (CONAE)(Nahuel 1A)(ARSAT-1)
 AustraliaAustralian Space Agency3ASA1986 (NSP)1 Jul 2018 (ASA)45(Paul Scully-Power)(Aussat A1)(WRESAT)
 AustriaAustrian Space Agency67ALR12 Jul 1972(Franz Viehböck)(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)
 AzerbaijanSpace Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos)8Azercosmos2010(Azerspace-1)
 BahrainBahrain Space AgencyBSA2014 AlMunther AlMunther
 BangladeshBangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization9SPARRSO1980(Bangabandhu-1)(BRAC Onnesha)
 BelgiumBelgian Institute for Space Aeronomy10BIRAIASBBISANov 25, 1964(Dirk Frimout)(PROBA-1)
 BrazilBrazilian Space Agency1112AEB10 Feb 1994(Marcos Pontes)(Brasilsat A1)(Amazônia-1)
 BulgariaBulgarian Space Agency13SRI-BASSTIL-BAS1987(Georgi Ivanov)(Bulgaria 1300)(Bulgaria 1300)
 CanadaCanadian Space Agency14CSAASC1 Mar 1989(Marc Garneau)(Alouette 1)(Alouette 1)
 ChileChilean Space AgencyCSA2001
 ChinaChina National Space Administration15CNSA22 Apr 1993(Yang Liwei)(Dong Fang Hong 1)
 Costa RicaCosta Rican Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Costarricense)16AEC2021(Irazú)(Irazú)
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems17CCSDS1982
Committee on Space Research181920COSPAR1958
 Czech RepublicCzech Space Office21CSO200322(Vladimír Remek)(Magion 4)(VZLUSAT-2)
 DenmarkDanish National Space Center23DNSCDTU Space1 Jan 1968 (DSRI) 1 Jan 2005 (DNSC)(Andreas Mogensen)(Ørsted)(Ørsted)
 EgyptEgyptian Space Agency2425EGSANARSS26EASRT-RSC201819941971–1994(Sara Sabry)(EgyptSat 1)(NARSSCube-1)
 El SalvadorInstituto Aeroespacial de El Salvador(Esai)2728ESAI2021
 EthiopiaEthiopian Space Science and Technology Institute29ESSTI14 Oct 2016ETRSS-1ETRSS-1
European Space Agency3031ESAASEEWO1964 (ESRO/ELDO) 30 May 1975 (ESA)(Ulf Merbold)(Cos-B)(Cos-B)
 European UnionEuropean Union Agency for the Space Programme32EUSPA12 Jul 2004 (GSA) 21 May 2021 (EUSPA)
 FranceNational Centre for Space Studies33CNES19 Dec 1961(Jean-Loup Chrétien)(Astérix)(Astérix)
 GermanyGerman Aerospace Center34DLR1969(Sigmund Jähn)(Azur)
 GhanaGhana Space Science and Technology Centre35GSSTI2 Apr 2012(GhanaSat-1)(GhanaSat-1)
 GreeceHellenic Space CentreΕλληνικό Κέντρο Διαστήματος36HSCΕΛΚΕΔ9 Aug 2019(Hellas Sat 2)(UPSat)
 HungaryHungarian Space OfficeMŰIHSOJan 1992(Bertalan Farkas)(MaSat-1)(MaSat-1)
 IndiaIndian Space Research Organisation373839ISROइसरो1962 (INCOSPAR)15th Aug 1969 (ISRO)(Rakesh Sharma)(Aryabhata)(Aryabhata)
 IndonesiaIndonesian Space Agency(Previously LAPAN)40INASA3 Nov 202227 Nov 1964 (LAPAN)(Palapa-A1)(Lapan-TUBsat)
 IranIranian Space AgencyISA41422004(Sina-1)43(Omid)(Pishgam)
 IsraelIsraeli Space AgencyISAסוכנות החלל הישראליתApr 1983(Ilan Ramon)(Ofeq-1)(Shavit 2)
 ItalyItalian Space Agency4445ASI1988(Franco Malerba)(San Marco 1)(San Marco 1)
 JapanJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency4647JAXAジャクサ1 Oct 2003(Toyohiro Akiyama)(Ohsumi)(Ohsumi)
 KazakhstanNational Space Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan48KazCosmosKazKosmos27 Mar 2007(Toktar Aubakirov)(KazSat-1)(Al Farabi-1)
 KenyaKenya Space Agency49KSA7 Mar 2017(1KUNS-PF)(1KUNS-PF)
 North KoreaNational Aerospace Technology AdministrationNATA1980s (KCST)

2013 (NADA)2023 (NATA)

(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)
 South KoreaKorea AeroSpace AdministrationKASA우주청27 May 2024
 South KoreaKorea Aerospace Research Institute50KARI항우연10 Oct 1989(Yi So-yeon)(Koreasat 1)(KITSAT-1)
CELACLatin American and Caribbean Space AgencyALCE202251
 LithuaniaLithuanian Space Association52LSA532007(LituanicaSAT-1)(LituanicaSAT-1)
 LuxembourgLuxembourg Space Agency54LSASep 2018(Astra 1A)(KSM (Kleos Scouting Mission))
 MalaysiaMalaysian Space Agency55MYSA2002(Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor)(MEASAT-1)(TiungSAT-1)
 MexicoMexican Space Agency56AEM30 Jul 2010(Rodolfo Vela)(Morelos I)(UNAMSAT B)57
 MongoliaNational Remote Sensing Center of Mongolia58NRSC1991(Mazaalai)(Mazaalai)
 MoroccoRoyal Center for Remote Sensing59Centre Royal de Télédétection SpatialeAmmas Amrrukan n Tallunt (المركز الملكي للإستشعار البعدي الفضائي)CRTSDec 1989(Maroc-Tubsat)(Maroc-Tubsat)
 NetherlandsNetherlands Institute for Space Research60SRON1983(Wubbo Ockels)(ANS)(ANS)
 New ZealandNew Zealand Space AgencyNZSAApr 2016(Humanity Star)(Humanity Star)
 NigeriaNational Space Research and Development Agency61NASRDA1998(Nigeriasat-1)(Nigeria EduSat-1)
 NorwayNorwegian Space Agency62NRSNSC1987(Thor 2)(nCube-2)
 PakistanPakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission63SUPARCOسپارکو16 Sep 1961 (started working from 1964)(Badr-1)(Badr-1)
 ParaguayParaguayan Space Agency (Agencia Espacial de Paraguay)64AEP26 Mar 2014(GuaraníSat-1)(GuaraníSat-1)
 PeruNational Commission for Aerospace Research and Development65CONIDA11 Jun 1974(Chasqui I)
 PhilippinesPhilippine Space Agency6667686970PhilSA2014 (DOST–ASTI)8 August 2019 (PhilSA)(Agila-1)(Diwata-1)
 PolandPolish Space Agency71POLSA29 Sep 1976 (CBK PAN) 26 Sep 2014 (POLSA)(Mirosław Hermaszewski)(Lem)(Lem)
 PortugalPortugal Space7273PTSPACE2019(PoSAT-1)(PoSAT-1)
 RomaniaRomanian Space Agency74ASRROSA1991(Dumitru Prunariu)(Goliat)(Goliat)
 RussiaRoscosmos State Corporation for Space ActivitiesRoscosmosРоскосмос25 Feb 1992(Aleksandr Volkov)(Kosmos 2175)(Kosmos 2175)(Soyuz TM-14)
 RwandaRwanda Space Agency75RSA2021(RWASAT-1)(RWASAT-1)
 Saudi ArabiaSaudi Space Agency76SSA1977 (KACST-SRI) 2018 (SSC/SSA)(Sultan Bin Salman)(Arabsat-1A)(SaudiSat-4)
 SingaporeCentre for Remote Imaging, Sensing and Processing77CRISP1995(ST-1)(X-Sat)
 South AfricaSouth African National Space Agency78SANSA9 Dec 2010(SUNSAT)(SUNSAT)
 Soviet Union †Soviet space programСССРКосмическая программа1955disbanded 25 Dec 1991(Yuri Gagarin)(Sputnik 1)(Sputnik 1)(Korabl-Sputnik 2)
 SpainAgencia Espacial Española798081AEE2023(Pedro Duque)(Hispasat 1A)(Intasat)
 SwedenSwedish National Space Agency82SNSA1972(Christer Fuglesang)(Viking)
 SwitzerlandSwiss Space Office8384SSO1998(SwissCube-1)(SwissCube-1)
 SyriaSyrian Space Agency85868788SSA18 Mar 2014(Muhammed Faris)
 TaiwanTaiwan Space Agency89TASA3 Oct 1991(ST-1)(Formosat-1)
 ThailandGeo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency90GISTDAสทอภ3 Nov 2000(Thaicom 1)(KNACKSAT)
 TunisiaFrench: Centre national de la cartographie et de la télédétection(Arabic: المركز الوطني للإستشعار عن بعد)(National Remote Sensing Center of Tunisia)91CNCT1988(Challenge-1)(Challenge-1)
 TurkeyTurkish Space Agency(Türkiye Uzay Ajansı)92939495TUA1985 (TÜBİTAK UZAY)13 Dec 2018 (TUA)(Alper Gezeravcı)(Türksat 1A)(Göktürk-2)
 TurkmenistanTurkmenistan National Space Agency96TNSA2011(TürkmenÄlem52E / MonacoSAT)
 UkraineState Space Agency of Ukraine97SSAU2 Mar 1992(Leonid Kadeniuk)(Sich-1)
 United Arab EmiratesMohammed bin Rashid Space Centre98UAESA2014(Hazza Al Mansouri)(Thuraya 2)(KhalifaSat)
 United KingdomUnited Kingdom Space Agency99UKSA1 Apr 2010(Helen Sharman)(Ariel 1)(Prospero)
 United NationsUnited Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space100UNCOPUOSDec 12, 1959————
 United NationsUnited Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs101UNOOSA13 Dec 1958————
 United StatesNational Aeronautics and Space Administration102NASA29 Jul 1958(Alan Shepard)(Explorer 1)(Explorer 1)(Discoverer 13)
 UzbekistanThe Space Research and Technology Agency under the Ministry ofDigital Technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan103Uzbekspace agency2019
 VenezuelaBolivarian Agency for Space Activities104ABAE1 Jan 2008(Venesat-1)
 VietnamVietnam National Space Center (Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam)105TTVTVN or VNSCVAST-VNSC20 Nov 2006(Phạm Tuân)(Vinasat-1)(F-1)
Subnational Space Agencies
CountrySubdivisionNameFoundedFirst space travelerOperates satellitesBuilds satellitesRecoverable payloads capable
 United States CaliforniaCalifornia Space Authority1996 (CSTA)

2001 (CSA) disbanded 10 Jun 2011

 FloridaSpace Florida1061989 (FSA)

1 Sep 2006 (Space Florida)

 New MexicoNew Mexico Spaceport AuthorityFeb 2011
 OklahomaOklahoma Space Industry Development Authority1072006
 VirginiaVirginia Spaceport Authority1 Jul 1996

Launch capability

This group of agencies have developed or are developing launch infrastructure including space launch sites, suborbital launch technology, orbital launch systems, and reusable hardware technologies.

Overview of space agency launch capabilities
AgencyDemonstrated capability
Operates launch siteSuborbital launch capableOrbital launch capableCryogenic rocket engine useReusable systems use
CONAE108109(Punta Indio)110(Orión)
ASA111112(Woomera)113(Long Tom)
AEB114115116(Alcântara)(VSB-30)
CSA
CNSA117(Jiuquan)(Long March 1)(YF-73)
ESA(Kourou)(Ariane 1)
CNES118(Kourou)(Véronique)(Diamant A)
ISRO119120121(Sriharikota)(RH-75)(SLV)(CE-20) (CE-7.5)
Iranian Space Agency122(Semnan)(Safir)(Safir)
Israel Space Agency123(Palmachim Airbase)(Shavit 2)(Shavit 2)
ASI124(Salto di Quirra)
JAXA125(Uchinoura)(Lambda-4S)(LE-7)
KCST(Sohae)126(Unha-3)
KARI127(Naro)(Nuri)
MSA
NZSA(Mahia)
SUPARCO128(Sonmiani Flight Test Range)(Rehbar-I)
POLSA
Roscosmos(Plesetsk)(Soyuz-U)
Soviet space program †(Baikonur)(GIRD-09)(R-7 Sputnik)(KVD-1)(Buran)
SNSA129(Esrange)(Maser)
SSAU130(Dnepr)
UKSA
NASA131(Cape Canaveral)(WAC Corporal)(Juno I)(RL10)(Space Shuttle)

Extraterrestrial exploration capability

This group of agencies have developed advanced technological capabilities required for travel and study of other heavenly bodies within the Solar System. These involve the capacity to leave the local area around the planet Earth for lunar and/or missions to other bodies in the Solar System.

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial exploration capability
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Operates flyby spacecraftOperates extraterrestrial orbiterControlled surface impactUncrewed soft landingUncrewed rover operationSample return
CNSA132(Chang'e 5-T1)(Chang'e 1)(Chang'e 1)(Chang'e 3)(Yutu-1)(Chang'e 5)
ESA133(Ulysses)(Mars Express)(Rosetta)(Huygens)
ISRO134 (Chandrayaan-3)(Chandrayaan-1)(Moon Impact Probe)135 (Chandrayaan-3)(Pragyan)
JAXA136(Hiten)(Hiten)(Hiten)(Hayabusa)(MINERVA-II)(Hayabusa)
Soviet space program †(Luna 1)(Luna 10)(Luna 2)(Luna 9)(Lunokhod 1)(Luna 16)
NASA(Pioneer 4)(Lunar Orbiter 1)(Ranger 7)(Surveyor 1)(Sojourner)(Apollo 11)

Without launch capabilities

This category is formed by agencies that operate and construct satellites in extraterrestrial environments, but do not have the capability to transport those satellites to the desired orbit/trajectory/landing spot. As far as we know as of the 10th May 2024, five space agencies have achieved the requirements to be listed here: 137

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial satellite operation and constructing capabilities.
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Operates extraterrestrial orbiterControlled surface impactUncrewed soft landingUncrewed rover operationSample return
LuxSpace(Manfred Memorial Moon Mission, flyby only)
ASI(ArgoMoon)
KARI(Danuri)
UAESA(Emirates Mars Mission)
SUPARCO(ICUBE-Q)

Human spaceflight capability

See also: List of human spaceflight programs and List of space stations by country

This small group of countries/space agencies have demonstrated the highest technological capacity with systems and solutions that support human spaceflight along with the ancillary technological capabilities to support human activity in orbit and/or on extraterrestrial bodies. The missions identified (and personnel when appropriate) are the first successful accomplishments of each activity.

Overview of space agencies human spaceflight capability
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Crewed space launchEVARendezvous and dockingSpace stationCrewed circumlunar flightCrewed Moon landing
CNSA(Shenzhou 5) (Shenzhou 7) (Shenzhou 8 to Tiangong-1) (Tiangong-1)
ISRO (SDX01 to SDX02 — as part of SpaDeX)
Roscosmos(Soyuz TM-14) (Mir, Aleksandr Volkov and Sergei Krikalev)(Soyuz TM-14 to ISS)(Mir)
Soviet space program †(Vostok 1)(Voskhod 2,Alexei Leonov)(Soyuz 4 toSoyuz 5)(Salyut 1)
NASA138(Mercury-Redstone 3)(Gemini 4, Ed White)(Gemini 8 to GATV)(Skylab)(Apollo 8)(Apollo 11)

Proposed agencies

  • Albanian Space Office (ASO), proposed in 2020, at progress stage.139
  • Armenian Space Agency (ArmCosmos), proposed in 2013 with the goal to launch satellites, currently negotiating with the International Telecommunication Union to clear the path for its prospective launch.140
  • Bhutan Space Office (BSO), proposed in 2016, at progress stage.141
  • Botswana Aeronautics and Space Agency (BotswanaSpace), proposed in 2020, at progress stage.142
  • Cambodian Aeronautics and Space Office (CASO), proposed in 2016, at progress stage.143
  • Croatian Space Agency (CROSA), proposed in 2020, currently operates as NGO Adriatic Aerospace Association (A3), at progress stage.144145
  • Djibouti National Space Office (DNSO), announced in 2022, at bill stage.146
  • Guatemala Space Agency, proposed in 2019, at progress stage.147148
  • Honduras Space Agency (AEH), proposed in 2018, at progress stage.149
  • Iraqi National Aeronautics and Space Office (INASO), proposed in 2019, at progress stage.150
  • Lao Aeronautics and Space Agency (LaoSpace), proposed in 2015, at progress stage.151
  • Latvia Space Office (LSO), proposed in 2020, at progress stage.152
  • Malta Space Office (MSO), proposed in 2022, at progress stage.153
  • Moldova National Space Office, proposed in 2018, at progress stage.154
  • Monaco Space Agency, proposed in 2020, at progress stage.155
  • Montenegrin National Bureau of Space, announced in 2022, bill stage.156
  • Myanmar Aeronautics and Space Agency (MASA), proposed in 2019, at progress stage.157158
  • Nepal Aeronautics and Space Office (NepalSpace), proposed in 2018, at progress stage.159
  • Nicaraguan Space Agency (AEN), announced in 2021, bill stage.160161
  • Oman Space Agency (OSA), proposed in 2020, at progress stage.162163
  • Panama Space Agency (AEP), proposed in 2014, at progress stage.164
  • Serbian Space Office (SerbSpace), proposed in 2016, at progress stage.165
  • Slovenian National Bureau of Space, proposed in 2019, at progress stage.166167
  • Sri Lanka Aeronautics and Space Agency (SLASA), proposed in 2009. Immediate goal was to construct and launch two satellites. Sri Lankan Telecommunications Regulatory Commission had signed an agreement with Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd to get the relevant help and resources.168
  • Sudan Space Agency, proposed in 2017, at progress stage.169
  • Tanzanian National Space Agency (TNSA), proposed in 2021, at progress stage.170
  • Uruguayan Space Agency (AEU), Announced in 2021, bill stage.171

Budgets

The annual budgets listed are the official budgets of national space agencies available in public domain.172173 For European contributors to ESA, the national budgets shown include also their contributions to ESA.

Budgets of space agencies
AgencyBudget (US$millions)YearReference
NASA25,4002025174175
CNSA18,1502023176
ESA7,7902024177178
CNES3,5212022179
JAXA2,3882022180
Roscosmos2,0112022181
ISRO1,8312022182183
ASI1,6852024184
GAC1,4242021185
AEE7392023186
KASA7262025187
UKSA6042021188
CSA4602019189
ASA3942020190
ISAB2602020191
ISA, ISRC and ARI2222024192
SSO1772019193
NSO1502022194
SNSA1202022195
SSAU1072022196
NSA1032019197
TSA662025198
ASA752020199
BSA682022200
PSA642020201
CONAE632022202
NIAS542022203204
SUPARCO502019205206
PSA382019207
NSRDA362020208
ASA352020209210
ISA172020211
SANSA152020212
AEP92023213
MASA42022214
CSA12014
World~62,000

See also

Notes

References

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