European commissioners by current member state

Austria

Belgium

Bulgaria

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

United Kingdom

Withdrawn nominees

Portfolio assigned

A number of commissioners were formally nominated and assigned portfolios before being withdrawn after their hearing with the European Parliament, with the exception of Thorvald Stoltenberg, who withdrew after the rejection of Norway's accession referendum.

Before hearings held

At the end of the Juncker Commission, some were initially named by the member states to succeed commissioners who took seats in the European Parliament before an agreement to not fill the seats under the start of the next commission.

The Von der Leyen I Commission requested member states name female and male candidates in order to have gender parity. She would then chose the one candidate to be formally nominated, or request new names. She usually continued her request for female and male candidates for vacancies throughout her first commission.

European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC)

European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)

Notes

References

1. Viviane Reding was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Johannes Hahn served as Acting Commissioner during her leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Viviane_Reding ↩

2. Viviane Reding was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Johannes Hahn served as Acting Commissioner during her leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Viviane_Reding ↩

3. Corina Crețu resigned on 1 July 2019 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Johannes Hahn served as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Juncker Commission. /wiki/Corina_Cre%C8%9Bu ↩

4. Didier Reynders was on leave from 15 April 2024 – 25 June 2024 while being considered for Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Didier_Reynders ↩

5. Margrethe Vestager was on leave from 5 September 2023 – 8 December 2023 while being considered for President of the European Investment Bank. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age and Didier Reynders served as Acting Commissioner for Competition. /wiki/Margrethe_Vestager ↩

6. Kuneva, now affiliated to the conservative grouping, was affiliated to the liberals during the Barroso I Commission. ↩

7. Mariya Gabriel was on leave from 10 May 2023 – 15 May 2023 to participate in the government formation following the 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election, and then resigned on 15 May 2023 to serve as Minister for Foreign Affairs. Initially, Margrethe Vestager served as Acting Commissioner for Innovation and Research and Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner for Culture, Education and Youth. When Vestager began her own leave on 5 September 2023, Schinas took over the whole portfolio until Iliana Ivanova took office. /wiki/Mariya_Gabriel ↩

8. Neven Mimica was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election. László Andor served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Neven_Mimica ↩

9. ANO left ALDE on 21 June 2024. ↩

10. Margrethe Vestager was on leave from 5 September 2023 – 8 December 2023 while being considered for President of the European Investment Bank. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age and Didier Reynders served as Acting Commissioner for Competition. /wiki/Margrethe_Vestager ↩

11. Didier Reynders was on leave from 15 April 2024 – 25 June 2024 while being considered for Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Didier_Reynders ↩

12. Mayors and Independents is in the EPP Group but does not belong to any European party. /wiki/Mayors_and_Independents ↩

13. Margrethe Vestager was on leave from 5 September 2023 – 8 December 2023 while being considered for President of the European Investment Bank. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age and Didier Reynders served as Acting Commissioner for Competition. /wiki/Margrethe_Vestager ↩

14. Margrethe Vestager was on leave from 5 September 2023 – 8 December 2023 while being considered for President of the European Investment Bank. Věra Jourová served as Acting Commissioner for A Europe Fit for the Digital Age and Didier Reynders served as Acting Commissioner for Competition. /wiki/Margrethe_Vestager ↩

15. Mariya Gabriel was on leave from 10 May 2023 – 15 May 2023 to participate in the government formation following the 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election, and then resigned on 15 May 2023 to serve as Minister for Foreign Affairs. Initially, Margrethe Vestager served as Acting Commissioner for Innovation and Research and Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner for Culture, Education and Youth. When Vestager began her own leave on 5 September 2023, Schinas took over the whole portfolio until Iliana Ivanova took office. /wiki/Mariya_Gabriel ↩

16. Olli Rehn was on leave from 7 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Siim Kallas served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Olli_Rehn ↩

17. Olli Rehn was on leave from 7 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Siim Kallas served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Olli_Rehn ↩

18. Andrus Ansip resigned on 1 July 2019 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament and Maroš Šefčovič served as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Juncker Commission. /wiki/Andrus_Ansip ↩

19. Kristalina Georgieva resigned on 1 January 2017 to serve as Chief Executive of the World Bank Group. Günther Oettinger assumed her portfolio for Budget and Human Resources, while Andrus Ansip served as Acting Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society (Oettinger's original portfolio) until Mariya Gabriel took office. /wiki/Kristalina_Georgieva ↩

20. Olli Rehn was on leave from 7 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Siim Kallas served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Olli_Rehn ↩

21. Jutta Urpilainen was on leave from 2 December 2023 – 28 January 2024 to campaign in the 2024 Finnish presidential election. Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Jutta_Urpilainen ↩

22. Ortoli was a party member of the UDR until 5 December 1976, after which he served as a member of the RPR. /wiki/Union_of_Democrats_for_the_Republic ↩

23. Barnier was elevated to Vice President in the Barroso II Commission from 1 July 2014. ↩

24. Antonio Tajani was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Michel Barnier served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Antonio_Tajani ↩

25. Antonio Tajani was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Michel Barnier served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Antonio_Tajani ↩

26. Renaissance is in the Renew Europe Group but does not belong to any European party. /wiki/Renaissance_(French_political_party) ↩

27. Oettinger was elevated to Vice President in the Barroso II Commission from 1 July 2014. ↩

28. Mariya Gabriel was on leave from 10 May 2023 – 15 May 2023 to participate in the government formation following the 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election, and then resigned on 15 May 2023 to serve as Minister for Foreign Affairs. Initially, Margrethe Vestager served as Acting Commissioner for Innovation and Research and Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner for Culture, Education and Youth. When Vestager began her own leave on 5 September 2023, Schinas took over the whole portfolio until Iliana Ivanova took office. /wiki/Mariya_Gabriel ↩

29. Mariya Gabriel was on leave from 10 May 2023 – 15 May 2023 to participate in the government formation following the 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election, and then resigned on 15 May 2023 to serve as Minister for Foreign Affairs. Initially, Margrethe Vestager served as Acting Commissioner for Innovation and Research and Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner for Culture, Education and Youth. When Vestager began her own leave on 5 September 2023, Schinas took over the whole portfolio until Iliana Ivanova took office. /wiki/Mariya_Gabriel ↩

30. Jutta Urpilainen was on leave from 2 December 2023 – 28 January 2024 to campaign in the 2024 Finnish presidential election. Margaritis Schinas served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Jutta_Urpilainen ↩

31. Neven Mimica was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election. László Andor served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Neven_Mimica ↩

32. Fidesz was suspended from the EPP on 20 March 2019 and left on 3 March 2021. ↩

33. Fidesz was suspended from the EPP on 20 March 2019 and left on 3 March 2021. ↩

34. Affiliated to Fidesz, which is affiliated to the PfE Group. /wiki/Fidesz ↩

35. Sandri was elevated to Vice President in the Hallstein II Commission from 30 July 1965. ↩

36. Prodi was a party member of ID until 23 March 2002, after which he served as a member of DL. /wiki/The_Democrats_(Italy) ↩

37. Prodi, now affiliated to the socialist grouping, was affiliated to the liberals during the Prodi Commission. ↩

38. Antonio Tajani was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Michel Barnier served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Antonio_Tajani ↩

39. Piebalgs was a party member of the LC until 25 August 2007, after which she served as a member of the LPP. /wiki/Latvian_Way ↩

40. Piebalgs, now a member of the conservative grouping, was affiliated to the liberals during his term in the Barroso Commission. ↩

41. Janusz Lewandowski was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Andris Piebalgs served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Janusz_Lewandowski ↩

42. Janusz Lewandowski was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Andris Piebalgs served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Janusz_Lewandowski ↩

43. Phil Hogan resigned on 26 August 2020. Dombrovskis served as Acting Commissioner until he was confirmed by the European Parliament on 12 October 2020. /wiki/Phil_Hogan ↩

44. Virginijus Sinkevičius resigned on 16 July 2024 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Maroš Šefčovič serves as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Von der Leyen I Commission. ↩

45. Sinkevičius was a party member of LVŽS until 29 January 2022, after which he served as a member of DSVL. /wiki/Lithuanian_Farmers_and_Greens_Union ↩

46. Viviane Reding was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Johannes Hahn served as Acting Commissioner during her leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Viviane_Reding ↩

47. Adina-Ioana Vălean resigned on 15 July 2024 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Wopke Hoekstra serves as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Von der Leyen I Commission. ↩

48. Janusz Lewandowski was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election, and then resigned on 1 July 2014 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Andris Piebalgs served as Acting Commissioner during his leave and again until the end of the Barroso II Commission. /wiki/Janusz_Lewandowski ↩

49. Maroš Šefčovič was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election. José Manuel Barroso served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D ↩

50. The PNL party, now affiliated with the conservatives, was affiliated to the liberals during the Barroso I Commission. ↩

51. Corina Crețu resigned on 1 July 2019 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Johannes Hahn served as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Juncker Commission. /wiki/Corina_Cre%C8%9Bu ↩

52. Crețu was a party member of the PSD (affiliated to the PES) until 17 January 2019, after which she served as a member of PRO (which has since also affiliated to the PES, but was then affiliated to the EDP–whose members mostly sit with the liberals in the European Parliament–but PRO members continued to sit with the socialists for the remainder of the Juncker Commission). /wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania) ↩

53. Crețu was a party member of the PSD (affiliated to the PES) until 17 January 2019, after which she served as a member of PRO (which has since also affiliated to the PES, but was then affiliated to the EDP–whose members mostly sit with the liberals in the European Parliament–but PRO members continued to sit with the socialists for the remainder of the Juncker Commission). /wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania) ↩

54. Adina-Ioana Vălean resigned on 15 July 2024 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Wopke Hoekstra serves as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Von der Leyen I Commission. ↩

55. Smer was suspended from the PES on 12 October 2023. ↩

56. Maroš Šefčovič was on leave from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 to campaign in the 2014 European Parliament election. José Manuel Barroso served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D ↩

57. John Dalli resigned on 16 October 2012 and Šefčovič served as Acting Commissioner until Tonio Borg took office. /wiki/John_Dalli ↩

58. Maroš Šefčovič was on leave from 18 January 2019 – 30 March 2019 to campaign in the 2019 Slovak presidential election. Miguel Arias Cañete served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D ↩

59. Andrus Ansip resigned on 1 July 2019 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament and Maroš Šefčovič served as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Juncker Commission. /wiki/Andrus_Ansip ↩

60. Frans Timmermans resigned on 22 August 2023 to campaign in the 2023 Dutch general election. Šefčovič served as Acting Commissioner of the European Green Deal and was confirmed by the European Parliament with its Executive Vice President rank on 5 October 2023. He also served as Acting Commissioner for Climate Action until Wopke Hoekstra took office. /wiki/Frans_Timmermans ↩

61. Frans Timmermans resigned on 22 August 2023 to campaign in the 2023 Dutch general election. Šefčovič served as Acting Commissioner of the European Green Deal and was confirmed by the European Parliament with its Executive Vice President rank on 5 October 2023. He also served as Acting Commissioner for Climate Action until Wopke Hoekstra took office. /wiki/Frans_Timmermans ↩

62. Virginijus Sinkevičius resigned on 16 July 2024 to serve as a Member of the European Parliament. Maroš Šefčovič serves as Acting Commissioner until the end of the Von der Leyen I Commission. ↩

63. Lenarčič is affiliated to the liberals, while remaining nationally unaffiliated during his term in the Von der Leyen I Commission. ↩

64. Affiliated to GS, which is affiliated to the Renew Europe Group. /wiki/Freedom_Movement_(Slovenia) ↩

65. Jacques Santer resigned on 16 March 1999 and Marín served as Acting President until Romano Prodi took office. /wiki/Jacques_Santer ↩

66. Maroš Šefčovič was on leave from 18 January 2019 – 30 March 2019 to campaign in the 2019 Slovak presidential election. Miguel Arias Cañete served as Acting Commissioner. /wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D ↩

67. The UK Conservative Party had previously been part of the EPP and joined the ECR on 1 October 2009. /wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK) ↩

68. Goulard was nominated to a portfolio that was to also include Industrial Policy, the Digital Single Market and a new Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space. However, she was rejected by the European Parliament. /wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Industry_and_Entrepreneurship ↩

69. Trócsányi was rejected by the European Parliament. ↩

70. Plumb was initially named by the Romanian government as the female candidate for the Von der Leyen Commission, alongside Dan Nica, abiding by her request to achieve a gender parity. She was formally nominated by Von der Leyen but rejected by the European Parliament. /wiki/Dan_Nica ↩

71. Simson was nominated to complete the term of Andrus Ansip, who resigned on 1 July 2019 to take a seat in the European Parliament, without an assigned portfolio. However, it was agreed to let the seat remain vacant until the Von der Leyen I Commission began. Simson was then nominated and confirmed for a full term. /wiki/Andrus_Ansip ↩

72. Pașcu was nominated to complete the term of Corina Crețu, who resigned on 1 July 2019 to take a seat in the European Parliament, without an assigned portfolio. However, it was agreed to let the seat remain vacant until the Von der Leyen I Commission began. /wiki/Corina_Cre%C8%9Bu ↩

73. Szczerski was initially named by the Polish government, however after Von der Leyen indicated she preferred Poland take the Agriculture portfolio, he withdrew to allow another candidate, Janusz Wojciechowski, with more expertise to be formally nominated. /wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Agriculture_and_Rural_Development ↩

74. Marques was initially named by the Portuguese government as the male candidate for the Von der Leyen Commission, alongside Elisa Ferreira, abiding by her request to achieve a gender parity. Ferreira went on to be formally nominated by Von der Leyen and approved by the European Parliament. /wiki/Elisa_Ferreira ↩

75. Nica was initially named by the Romanian government as the male candidate for the Von der Leyen Commission, alongside Rovana Plumb, abiding by her request to achieve a gender parity. After Plumb went on to be formally nominated by Von der Leyen and subsequently rejected by the European Parliament, the Romanian government named Nica the male candidate, alongside Melania-Gabriela Ciot, with him as the leading candidate. However, he was denied by Von der Leyen. /wiki/Rovana_Plumb ↩

76. After Plumb's rejection by the European Parliament, the Romanian government named Ciot the female candidate, alongside Dan Nica, with her as the reserve candidate. However, she was denied by Von der Leyen. /wiki/Dan_Nica ↩

77. After Nica and Ciot were denied nomination by Von der Leyen, the Romanian government named Negrescu. However, he was also denied by Von der Leyen. ↩

78. After Negrescu was denied nomination by Von der Leyen, the Romanian government lost parliament's confidence and Mureșan was named by the new government alongside Adina-Ioana Vălean. Vălean went on to be formally nominated by Von der Leyen. /wiki/Adina-Ioana_V%C4%83lean ↩

79. After Phil Hogan left the Von der Leyen Commission, McDowell was initially named by the Irish government as the male candidate, alongside Mairead McGuinness as the female candidate. McGuinness went on to be formally nominated by Von der Leyen and confirmed by the European Parliament. /wiki/Phil_Hogan ↩

80. After Mariya Gabriel left the Von der Leyen I Commission, Lorer was initially named by the Bulgarian government as the announced male candidate, alongside Iliana Ivanova as the female candidate. Ivanova went on to be formally nominated by Von der Leyen and confirmed by the European Parliament. /wiki/Mariya_Gabriel ↩