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Île Amsterdam
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<p>Amsterdam Island (<a href="/facts/French_language/qe1DnaQh">French</a>: <i>Île Amsterdam</i> also known as New Amsterdam (<i>Nouvelle-Amsterdam</i>), is an island of the <a href="/facts/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands/4A67SWWj">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> in the southern <a href="/facts/Indian_Ocean/Kv0crwKG">Indian Ocean</a> that together with neighbouring <a href="/facts/%25C3%258Ele_Saint-Paul/53xT68k5">Île Saint-Paul</a> 90 kilometres (56 mi) to the south forms one of the five districts of the territory. </p><p>The island is roughly <a href="/facts/Equidistant/muTk20sY">equidistant</a> to the land masses of <a href="/facts/Madagascar/ez12IAcY">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/facts/Australia/qLHpbppq">Australia</a>, and <a href="/facts/Antarctica/bEM5Lem5">Antarctica</a> – as well as the <a href="/facts/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory/jD0nq0Ht">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> and the <a href="/facts/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands/NjoIHjsP">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a> (about 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) from each). It is the northernmost <a href="/facts/Volcanic_island/uD8BN9K7">volcanic island</a> within the <a href="/facts/Antarctic_Plate/ME0j51xo">Antarctic Plate</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/facts/Research_station/lHSkPMQz">research station</a> at <i>Martin-de-Viviès</i>, first called <i>Camp Heurtin</i> and then <i>La Roche Godon</i>, is the only settlement on the island and is the seasonal home to about thirty researchers and staff studying biology, meteorology, and <a href="/facts/Geomagnetics/73G36wmx">geomagnetics</a>. </p>