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List of tallest wooden buildings and structures

Wooden buildings that have exceptional heights are listed, starting with the tallest wooden structures. Wooden buildings are having a resurgence, as they are considered to be a climate-friendly alternative to some synthetic materials.

The tallest recorded wooden structures had been wooden radio masts with heights of up to 220 meters, or 720 feet, constructed in Russia in the first half of the 20th century but they were replaced by steel masts and nuclear power plants. Data verifying the location of these structures is not readily available. The second highest recorded wooden structure was the tower of the Mühlacker radio transmitter (190 meters or 620 feet, destroyed in 1945). The tallest standing wooden structure is the Gliwice Radio Tower (111 m or 364 ft), located in Gliwice, Poland.

Tallest wooden buildings

Existing structures

StructureHeight (m)FloorsLocationBuiltNotes
Gliwice Radio Tower111n/aGliwice, Poland1935The tallest free-standing human-constructed wooden structure in the world (though not a building)
Randsburg Wash Target Test Towers (Buildings 70021 and 70022)3109.73n/aNaval Air Weapons Station China Lake1951As of February 2023, the second tallest free-standing human-constructed wooden structures in the world
Sanctuary of Truth4105n/aPattaya1981Decoration in progress5
Modvion wind turbine tower103.3n/aSkara2023Wind turbine tower made from curved LVL

Modvion project page

Hannover-Marienwerder wind turbine100n/aHannover2012Vensys77 wind turbine with rotor diameter of 77 metres on wooden tower, total height up to rotor blade tip in 12 o'clock position: 138.5 meters
Pyramidenkogel Tower1006Maria Wörth2013The world's tallest wooden observation tower (made of wood and steel)
Ascent86.56256Milwaukee2022Topped off; tallest mass timber building in the world7
Mjøstårnet85.418Brumunddal, Norway2019
HoHo Wien848249Vienna2019
Burrard Exchange79.216Vancouver202310
Săpânţa-Peri Church1175122Săpânța201313
HAUT7322Amsterdam202114
Sara Kulturhus Centre72.81520Skellefteå, Sweden201916Inaugurated 8 September 2021.17
Yongding Pagoda (永定塔)69.78Beijing2012
Feldberg telecommunication tower69.1319Schmitten im Taunus, Germany195030.28 meters tall timber construction with 9 floors on a 17.65 metres tall steel structure with 5 floors, which stands on a 21.2 metres tall concrete basement with 5 floors
Pagoda of Fogong Temple67.31185-6Yingxian1056
Bahnorama1966.7n/aVienna2010
Rottenbuch Transmission Tower2066.7n/aPeiting, Germany2002
Roots6518Hamburg2024Tallest timber building in Germany21
36-52 Wellington Street6315Melbourne2023Concrete-timber composite22
Jahrtausendturm606Magdeburg1999
Ieud Monastery6023Ieud (Romanian: Ieud)2003
Arbo6024Risch-Rotkreuz, Switzerland2019
Rozavlea-Șesu Mănăstirii582Rozavlea2017
Église Sainte-Marie57.6n/aChurch Point, Nova Scotia1905Tallest wooden church in North America25
Bârsana Monastery572Bârsana2005
Tour Hypérion5717Bordeaux2021The first residential wooden tower in France26
Ascension Cathedral5627Almaty1907
Eunoia Junior College562812Singapore2019
Church of the Archangels Michael and Gabriel5429Șurdești, Romania1766
Tower II of Brück antenna test facility54n/aBrück, Germany1963Used for antenna measurements
Tower III of Brück antenna test facility54n/aBrück, Germany1963Used for antenna measurements
Brock Commons Tallwood House531830The University of British Columbia, Vancouver2017
Treet3152.814Bergen2015
Bohdanka lookout tower52.2n/aBohdaneč, Czechia2011Closed 2022, structure damaged by wood decay; the highest tower made of timber logs (not CLT) in Europe3233
Torre de Herveo52n/aManizales, Columbia1922Former tower of a ropeway, today a monument
25 King Street52Brisbane201834
Claremont Hotel & Spa493510Claremont, Oakland/Berkeley, California1906The main 10-floors building is 36.6 m (120 ft) high, the central tower is 49 m (160 ft) high.36
Great Buddha Hall, Tōdai-ji48.637Nara1709Largest wooden building in the world until 1998, when Odate Jukai Dome was completed
Proud Kanda Surugadai14Ochanomizu district. Tokyo202138
Light House394814Joensuu40201941
Return to Form12Denver42
Sensations43388, 11Strasbourg201944
Royal Park Canvas Hotel11Hokkaido202245
Church of the Ascension45Piyala, Russia1654The tallest survived wooden church in Russia46
Obayashi4411Yokohama202247
Baumturm4844n/aBavaria2009
Cathedral-Basilica of St.Peter and Paul442Paramaribo, Suriname1885Largest wooden building in the western hemisphere
St. George's Cathedral43.5Georgetown1892
Goethe Tower43n/aFrankfurt am Main1931Observation tower, destroyed in 2017 by fire, rebuilt 2019-2020
Érd Cellphone Transmission Tower40n/aÉrd2015[1]
Brugherio Cellphone Transmission Tower40n/aBrugherio2021[2]
Podcrkavlje Cellphone Transmission Tower40n/aPodcrkavlje2023[3]
Gradići Cellphone Transmission Tower40n/aVelika Gorica2024[4]
Church of the Transfiguration37Kizhi, Russia170849
Intro Cleveland35509Cleveland, Ohio20225152
SKAIO533410Heilbronn201954
Forté3210Melbourne2012
Murray Grove559Hackney, London2009
Békés Cellphone Transmission Tower30n/aBékés2010[5]
Modvion wind turbine tower30n/aBohus-Björkö2020Modvion Project page
Bechtolsheim Cellphone Transmission Tower30n/aBechtolsheim2023[6]
Patch22307Amsterdam201556
Perspective306Bordeaux201857
International House Sydney5829.77Sydney2017
Daramu House5929.77Sydney2019
WIDC29.58Prince George, British Columbia201460
Puukuokka618Kuokkala2015
Strandparken8Sundbyberg Municipality201462
Upper Hale Radio Tower27.4Farnham, United Kingdom[7]
Yongning Pavilion (the wooden part)273Yanqing District2019
Portland Observatory, United States267Portland, Maine1807National Register of Historic Places
Carbon12268Portland, Oregon201863
Heartwood268Seattle20236465
WoodCity8Helsinki66
Brewery Lofts237Tacoma, Washington2020Second tallest in the United States
T37Minneapolis201667
Curtain Place686London2015
FCBA6Champs-sur-Marne
Arboretum6Nanterre69202370
Gaia6Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore2023NTU's 8th zero-energy building, uses concrete reinforcement,71 largest timber building72
80 Atlantic285Toronto201973
Founders Hall5Seattle202274
Upper Secondary School5Helsinki202275
NIOA5Brisbane202176
PAE Living Building5Portland202177

Destroyed or demolished structures

StructureHeight (m)FloorsLocationDatesNotes
Masts of Radio San Paolo217.6n/aRome1917-?3 guyed masts, source: [8]
Mühlacker radio transmitter190n/aMühlacker1934-1945Not a building; demolished on April 6, 1945
Federal Telegraph Company, twin guyed radio towers184.7n/aHeeia, Hawaii and South San Francisco, California1914-1945?These were not freestanding structures78
Berlin-Tegel radio transmitter79165n/aBerlin1933-1948In 1940, the height of the tower was reduced to 86 meters. The tower was demolished by bombing on December 16, 1948 due to concerns of interfering with air traffic flying into the nearby (now defunct) Berlin-Tegel International airport.
Sendeturm Ismaning80163n/aIsmaning, Germany1934-1983Demolished on March 16, 1983
Holzsendeturm Langenberg81160n/aVelbert, Germany1934-1935
Sendeturm Wiederau82150n/aPegau, Germany1935-1953
Central Mast of Ballybunion Radio Station150n/aBallybunion, Ireland1915-1925Guyed mast
RV-49 radio tower83150n/aOmsk, Russia1942-1956
Sendeturm Billwerder-Moorfleet84145n/aHamburg1933-1949
Żórawina radio transmitter140n/aŻórawina, Poland1932-1990Demolished in Fall 1990
Yongning Pagoda (永宁宝塔)137859Luoyang516-534With possibly earthen core at seven of nine stories.86 Including a pedastal it had a height of 155 m from 152.77 m. Destroyed by lightning/fire in 534.
Herstedvester Radio Tower125n/aAlbertslund, Denmark1933-1975
Kleinreuth radio tower124n/aNuremberg, Germany1935-1961
Madona Radio Towers116n/aMadona, Latvia1932-19442 towers with triangular cross section
Heilsberg Radio Tower115n/aLidzbark Warmiński, Poland1935-1940
Large Masts of Herstedvester Shortwave Transmitter110n/aAlbertslund, Denmark1948-1975
Freiburg-Lehen Transmission Tower107n/aFreiburg, Germany1933-1945
Trier Radio Tower107n/aTrier, Germany1935-1948
Heiligenstock Transmission Tower107n/aFrankfurt am Main, Germany1934-1945
Koblenz Transmission Tower87107n/aKoblenz, Germany1934-1965
Heilsberg T-type antenna radio transmitter towers102n/aLidzbark Warmiński, Poland1930-19352 towers
Ring Masts of Ballybunion Radio Station100n/aBallybunion, Ireland1915-19256 guyed masts
Large Masts of Skamlebæk Radio Station100n/aOdsherred, Denmark1931-?4 guyed masts
Amalienau Radio Tower100n/aKaliningrad, Russia1935-1938
RV-49 radio tower100n/aChelyabinsk, Russia1935-?guyed mast, demolished
Reichenbach Radio Tower100n/aReichenbach/Oberlausitz, Germany1937-1945
Mühlacker T-type antenna radio transmitter towers100n/aMühlacker1930-1934Two towers; not buildings; repurposed later; demolished
Golm Radio Tower100n/aPotsdam, Germany1948-1979
Latting Observatory96n/aNew York City, United States1853-1856Burned down in 1856
Stettin Radio Tower93n/aSzczecin, Poland1934-1938
Flensburg-Jürgensby Radio Tower90n/aFlensburg, Germany1935-1957
Utbremen Radio Tower90n/aBremen, Germany1933-1939
Hainholz Radio Tower90n/aHannover, Germany1933-1940
Hwangnyongsa809Gyeongju7th centuryDestroyed in 1238 by invading Mongol forces
Kolchak Radio mast80n/aOmsk, Russia1918-?guyed mast, demolished
Raderthal transmitter80n/aCologne, Germany1927-19322 towers
Mittersill goods transport ropeway tower80n/aMittersill, Austria1943-1955Tower of a ropeway for goods transport, which never went in service
Stadelheim Transmitter75n/aMunich-Stadelheim, Germany1926-193?2 towers
Reception towers of Chain Home73.15n/aUnited Kingdom (various locations)1939-1960
Cricklade Radio Tower73.15n/aCricklade, United Kingdom1967-2000
Eberswalde Radio Tower70n/aEberswalde, Germany1929-1939Guyed mast
Wooden tower of Zeesen radio station70n/aZeesen, Germany1931-1939
Reception Tower Utlandshörn65n/aNorddeich, Germany1935-1977
Four Towers of Marconi Wireless Station64n/aSouth Wellfleet, United States1902U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Towers of Palatine Transmitter60n/aKaiserslautern, Germany1928-19452 towers
Towers of Huizen transmitter60n/aHuizen, Netherlands1937-19402 towers on a rotable platform
Wardenclyffe Tower57n/aShoreham, United States1899-1917National Register of Historic Places
Towers of Sahlenburg Marine Radio Station50n/aCuxhaven, Germany1937-19703 towers
Towers of Stolp radio transmitter50n/aSlupsk, Poland1938-19557 towers
Masts of Blåvand Coast Radio Station50n/aVarde, Denmark1938-?3 guyed masts
Jelenia Gora Radio Tower47n/aJelenia Gora, Poland1957-1967
Masts of Skagen Coast Radio Station40n/aSkagen, Denmark1939-?3 guyed masts

Proposed, under construction, and unfinished structures

StructureHeight (m)FloorsLocationDatesStatus
Hybrid Timber Tower105Toronto2022Research88
W350 Project3507089Tokyo204190Proposed in 2018

Planned

Oakwood Tower91304.880BarbicanResearch92
River Beech Tower93228809495ChicagoProposed
The Dutch Mountains I133Eindhoven2030Proposed
Timber Towers40, 60PhiladelphiaPlanned: Demonstration96 & Research Phase97
C618350PerthProposed98
Canada Earth Tower40VancouverProposed99
Trätoppen10013340StockholmProposed
Atlassian Central39Haymarket2026Under Construction101102
The Rainbow Tree10310411532CebuProposed
The Dutch Mountains II96Eindhoven2030Planned
Burė 4105VilniusPlanned105
Rocket & Tigerli10032Winterthur2026106
187 Victoria Square10031Adelaide2024107
Burj Zanzibar9628Zanzibar2026Proposed108
Tokio Marine Holdings10020Tokyo2028Under development109
Dushan Shuisi Building (独山水司楼)99.924Pingzhai (坪寨), Wengqi Village, Yingshan Town, Dushan County, Guizhou, China2019
WoHo9829Berlin110
The Spar91.4448Portland, OregonProposed: Research Phase111112
Technical Administration Building32DüsseldorfProposal 113
191-199 College Street9031Toronto114
Baobab11535116ParisProposed
CF Møller Wooden34 x 4StockholmProposed117
Abebe Court Tower26LagosProposal118
Urban Lung25CardiffProposal 119
Prototype21Mount Pleasant120
Treetop Tower16Hammerbrooklyn2024To be built 121
U of T Academic Tower74.514Toronto2019To be built 122
Tham & Videgård20FrihamnenProposed
Terrace House1237119VancouverOn hold124
oWow 1523 Harrison Street19Oakland125
Mitsui Fudosan & Takenaka corp7017Nihonbashi district, Tokyo2023-2025126
Tree Tower6218Toronto127Proposed
Albizzia1285616Lyon, France2022Under Construction
Vertical Village5017Île-de-FranceTo be built129
Wood'Up5018Paris2021Planned130
The Arbour52.512Toronto2024Planned131132
Framework13324+12Portland, OregonCancelled134
Horizons bois12RennesProposed135
Riverfront Square6,8,11Newark, New JerseySearching tenants136
Shibuya Marui Department Store9Shibuya CrossingPlanned137
Tameike Project91-1-14 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo2023Under Construction138
2100 N. Southport Ave.369Dickens Avenue, on the western edge of the Lincoln Park neighborhood Chicago2023construction is set to start 2025139
Wandsbek8Wandsbek2026140
2 Copper Square8LondonPlanned141
Dutch Mountain7Veldhoven2021142Cancelled
Inspire Barcelona1436Barcelona, 22@2023Under Construction
Academic Wood Tower7714Toronto2026144Under Construction

See also

References

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  2. "Деревянные мачты на оттяжках высотой до 60 м применяют для подвески коротковолновых антенн и приемных ... - Большая Энциклопедия Нефти и Газа". https://www.ngpedia.ru/pg4929996uF6rqxT0009139569 ↩

  3. "Contextual view of Buildings 70021 and 70022. Facing south - Naval Ordnance Test Station Inyokern, Randsburg Wash Facility Target Test Towers, Tower Road, China Lake, Kern County, CA". 2006. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Contextual_view_of_Buildings_70021_and_70022._facing_south_-_Naval_Ordnance_Test_Station_Inyokern,_Randsburg_Wash_Facility_Target_Test_Towers,_Tower_Road,_China_Lake,_Kern_County,_CA_HAER_CA-353-3.tif ↩

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  33. "Rozhledny a vyhlídkové věže čeká údržba. Některé z nich budou kvůli opravám uzavřeny". Region. 20 October 2022. https://region.rozhlas.cz/rozhledny-a-vyhlidkove-veze-ceka-udrzba-nektere-z-nich-budou-kvuli-opravam-8852166 ↩

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  36. Langenbach, Randolph (July 21, 2010). "Better than Steel? The use of timber for large and tall buildings from Ancient Times until the Present" (PDF). Structures & Architecture. Guimarães, Portugal. Retrieved January 8, 2019. https://www.conservationtech.com/RL%27s%20resume&%20pub%27s/RL-publications/Eq-pubs/2010-ICSA-Portugal/10-07_ICSA-BetterThanSteel-v6.pdf ↩

  37. Langenbach, Randolph (July 21, 2010). "Better than Steel? The use of timber for large and tall buildings from Ancient Times until the Present" (PDF). Structures & Architecture. Guimarães, Portugal. Retrieved January 8, 2019. https://www.conservationtech.com/RL%27s%20resume&%20pub%27s/RL-publications/Eq-pubs/2010-ICSA-Portugal/10-07_ICSA-BetterThanSteel-v6.pdf ↩

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  42. "Return to Form - Mass Timber WIN Project". Woodworks Innovation Network. Retrieved 2024-10-13. https://www.woodworksinnovationnetwork.org/projects/return-to-form ↩

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