Cognitive computer

A cognitive computer is a computer that hardwires <a href="/facts/Artificial_intelligence/lJGauQwX">artificial intelligence</a> and <a href="/facts/Machine_learning/e0w0XJTu">machine learning</a> algorithms into an <a href="/facts/Integrated_circuit/fjn6vg7C">integrated circuit</a> that closely reproduces the behavior of the human brain. It generally adopts a <a href="/facts/Neuromorphic_engineering/REplYB5e">neuromorphic engineering</a> approach. Synonyms include neuromorphic chip and cognitive chip.
In 2023, IBM's proof-of-concept NorthPole chip (optimized for 2-, 4- and 8-bit precision) achieved remarkable performance in <a href="/facts/Image_recognition/Tl2Yyk66">image recognition</a>.
In 2013, IBM developed <a href="/facts/Watson_(computer)/xub4UvVx">Watson</a>, a cognitive computer that uses <a href="/facts/Neural_network/DDhJTfMc">neural networks</a> and <a href="/facts/Deep_learning/JLuwD3ea">deep learning</a> techniques. The following year, it developed the 2014 <a href="/facts/TrueNorth/gcwGPUC7">TrueNorth</a> microchip architecture which is designed to be closer in structure to the human brain than the <a href="/facts/Von_Neumann_architecture/te0yulFa">von Neumann architecture</a> used in conventional computers. In 2017, <a href="/facts/Intel/SMF0gJJX">Intel</a> also announced its version of a cognitive chip in "Loihi, which it intended to be available to university and research labs in 2018. Intel (most notably with its Pohoiki Beach and Springs systems), <a href="/facts/Qualcomm/v54S3UgA">Qualcomm</a>, and others are improving neuromorphic processors steadily.

Cognitive computer open-in-new

Cognitive computer