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Swamp rabbit
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<h2 id="taxonomy-and-etymology">Taxonomy and etymology</h2> <p>The swamp rabbit was first described in 1837 by the American naturalist <a href="/facts/John_Bachman/1a5kx4Yl">John Bachman</a> as <i><a href="/facts/Lepus/a3Pg06T3">Lepus</a> aquaticus</i>, described as being collected in "western <a href="/facts/Alabama/1Xk8EveN">Alabama</a>".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a> In 1904, it was placed in the <a href="/facts/Genus/m8EFjSms">genus</a> <i>Limnolagus</i> as the <a href="/facts/Type_species/kL03T6V4">type species</a> by American mammalogist <a href="/facts/Marcus_Ward_Lyon_Jr./txPXbyY6">Marcus Ward Lyon Jr.</a>; the name was previously used as the <a href="/facts/Subgenus/csbIQaGC">subgenus</a> of both the swamp rabbit and <a href="/facts/Marsh_rabbit/l8467G7J">marsh rabbit</a> (<i>S. palustris</i>) in an 1899 work by the Swiss physician <a href="/facts/Charles_Immanuel_Forsyth_Major/a7aBXTh4">Charles Immanuel Forsyth Major</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Edward_William_Nelson/TtkLY387">Edward William Nelson</a>, an American naturalist, clarified several years later in 1909 that the species belonged to <i><a href="/facts/Sylvilagus/Rcweo6D4">Sylvilagus</a></i> and grouped it alongside the marsh rabbit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> Common names of the swamp rabbit include "cane cutter", "swamper", and "cane jake".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p><p>Two subspecies are recognized: <i>Sylvilagus aquaticus aquaticus</i>, the <a href="/facts/Nominate_subspecies/4L9jFacF">nominate subspecies</a> that occupies most of the swamp rabbit's recognized <a href="/facts/Species_distribution/SAI9lJq9">distribution</a>, and <i>Sylvilagus aquaticus littoralis</i>, the coast swamp rabbit,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a> which is found only in a narrow band of <a href="/facts/Marsh/AG0WLJ2K">marshes</a> in <a href="/facts/Mississippi/7KwuWxxT">Mississippi</a>, <a href="/facts/Louisiana/2GvfFcKE">Louisiana</a>, and <a href="/facts/Texas/B987WHF0">Texas</a> along the <a href="/facts/Gulf_of_Mexico/bGE5s57G">Gulf of Mexico</a> coast.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> Nelson made the distinction between the subspecies in the same 1909 work where the species was classified as a member of <i>Sylvilagus</i>, noting that the <i>littoralis</i> form had "remarkable" differences from the nominate subspecies and that it had been assumed to be the "true <i>aquaticus</i>" in prior studies.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p> <h3>Fossil record</h3> <p><i>Sylvilagus aquaticus</i> <a href="/facts/Fossil/by7NzIA1">fossils</a> have been identified as early as the <a href="/facts/Pleistocene/0ya9eUp5">Pleistocene</a> epoch, with a 1940 discovery of <a href="/facts/Molar_(tooth)/gQqDtg4z">molar</a> teeth found in a <a href="/facts/Missouri/wQ3VAb99">Missouri</a> deposit dating back to that era.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Glaciations/alIAm38r">Glaciations</a> from the <a href="/facts/Illinoian_(stage)/lL6L6mDh">Illinoian</a> stage (a geological period in North America ranging from <a href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=.191–.130">0.191 to 0.13</a> million years ago) likely created <a href="/facts/Refugium_(population_biology)/PQwFn7en">refugia</a> that led to the emergence of the swamp rabbit as a distinct species. Glacial movements in the late Pleistocene (during and after the Illinoian) created a <a href="/facts/Hybrid_zone/4udhBVhc">hybrid zone</a> in western Georgia, which likely led to the separation of the swamp rabbit from the <a href="/facts/Marsh_rabbit/l8467G7J">marsh rabbit</a> (<i>S. palustris</i>), its closest relative.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p> <h3>Phylogeny</h3> <p>The swamp rabbit has 38 <a href="/facts/Diploid/U8zl4AQe">diploid</a> chromosomes,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> the same number as the marsh rabbit<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> and fewer than several other members of <i>Sylvilagus</i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> Based on <a href="/facts/Mitochondrial_DNA/goC0ex0X">mitochondrial</a> and <a href="/facts/Nuclear_gene/rWTK0uok">nuclear gene</a> analysis, its closest genetic relative is the marsh rabbit, with which it forms a <a href="/facts/Clade/XefyYmWn">clade</a>. Its next closest relatives are the <a href="/facts/Desert_cottontail/evIps0XI">desert cottontail</a> (<i>S. audubonii</i>) and <a href="/facts/Mountain_cottontail/Qp6JdmhE">mountain cottontail</a> (<i>S. nuttallii</i>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="range-and-habitat">Range and habitat</h2> <p>The swamp rabbit is found in much of the south-central United States and along the <a href="/facts/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States/ggS4KL87">Gulf coast</a>. It is most abundant in <a href="/facts/Alabama/1Xk8EveN">Alabama</a>, <a href="/facts/Mississippi/7KwuWxxT">Mississippi</a>, and <a href="/facts/Louisiana/2GvfFcKE">Louisiana</a>, but also inhabits <a href="/facts/South_Carolina/lQQX84IS">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/facts/Arkansas/Qun124UP">Arkansas</a>, <a href="/facts/Tennessee/A3mLY9bu">Tennessee</a>, <a href="/facts/Texas/B987WHF0">Texas</a>, <a href="/facts/Oklahoma/fK28L1a4">Oklahoma</a>, <a href="/facts/Missouri/wQ3VAb99">Missouri</a>, <a href="/facts/Kentucky/DaTW05Rt">Kentucky</a>, <a href="/facts/Illinois/MuPb1Ctn">Illinois</a>, <a href="/facts/Indiana/VRnvjXoQ">Indiana</a>, and <a href="/facts/Georgia_(U.S._state)/KKnTDY6F">Georgia</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> It is possibly <a href="/facts/Extirpated/DbRYtFPq">extirpated</a> (locally extinct) from <a href="/facts/Kansas/koenIXmE">Kansas</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:17" href="#fn:17"><sup>17</sup></a> </p><p>Swamp rabbits mainly live close to <a href="/facts/Lowland/WFatkmW0">lowland</a> water, often in <a href="/facts/Cypress_swamp_forest/spDBu0Ek">cypress swamps</a>, <a href="/facts/Marsh/AG0WLJ2K">marshland</a>, <a href="/facts/Floodplain/EUKqIbj5">floodplain</a>, and river <a href="/facts/Tributaries/JB69Ypox">tributaries</a>. Swamp rabbits spend much of their time in depressions which they dig in tall grass or leaves, providing cover while they wait until the nighttime to <a href="/facts/Forage/nmHrMYc2">forage</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:18" href="#fn:18"><sup>18</sup></a> The swamp rabbit has been suggested for use as an <a href="/facts/Indicator_species/smsha83y">indicator species</a>, as its preferred habitat is shared by many other species,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19"><sup>19</sup></a> the rabbit makes use of different aspects of its habitat, and monitoring is easy to do.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20"><sup>20</sup></a> The ranges of both the marsh rabbit and eastern cottontail overlap with that of the swamp rabbit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21"><sup>21</sup></a> </p><p>Habitat loss and fragmentation have caused declines in swamp rabbit populations.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22"><sup>22</sup></a> In the northernmost regions of its range, the rabbit is particularly vulnerable during snowy days, as its dark coat makes it particularly visible against the white background, making it more vulnerable to predators. Snow cover constrains both hiding ability and availability of food resources.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23"><sup>23</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="characteristics">Characteristics</h2> <p><i><a href="/facts/Sylvilagus/Rcweo6D4">Sylvilagus</a> aquaticus</i> is the largest of the cottontail species,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24"><sup>24</sup></a> although its ears are smaller than those of other cottontails, being medium-sized with relation to the rest of its body.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25"><sup>25</sup></a> The head and back are typically dark or rusty brown or black, while the throat, <a href="/facts/Anatomical_terms_of_location/IpJ1fq2f">ventral surface</a>, and <a href="/facts/Tail/RXACP06e">tail</a> are white, and there is a <a href="/facts/Cinnamon/Aag9baI6">cinnamon</a>-colored ring around the eye.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26"><sup>26</sup></a> While largely similar to <a href="/facts/Eastern_cottontail/oSR1u0h6">eastern cottontails</a> (<i>S. floridanus</i>) in appearance, the swamp rabbit differs in the sizes of its ears and skull; the former are much smaller, and the latter is larger. Additionally, the back portions of the swamp rabbit's hind legs are orange, in contrast to the tan or white feet of the eastern cottontail.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27"><sup>27</sup></a> Like other <a href="/facts/Leporid/W7lQhmTc">leporids</a>, it has a <a href="/facts/Dental_formula/yMEdzfHh">dental formula</a> of 2.0.3.31.0.2.3 × 2 = 28—two pairs of upper and one pair of lower <a href="/facts/Incisor/GSvkE9Tg">incisors</a>, no <a href="/facts/Canine_tooth/p3mRABtg">canines</a>, three upper and two lower <a href="/facts/Premolar/hSpMTu7a">premolars</a> on each side, and three upper and lower <a href="/facts/Molar_(tooth)/gQqDtg4z">molars</a> on either side of the jaw.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28"><sup>28</sup></a> </p><p><i>Sylvilagus aquaticus</i> males vary in weight from approximately 4 lb (1.8 kg) to 5.6 lb (2.5 kg), with an average of about 5 lb (2.3 kg); females vary from approx. 3.6 lb (1.6 kg) to 5.9 lb (2.7 kg), averaging about 4.8 lb (2.2 kg). <i>S. aquaticus</i> ranges in length from approx. 17.8 inches (45 cm) to 21.7 in (55 cm), with an average length of about 19.7 in (50 cm).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29"><sup>29</sup></a> Males and females of the species show very little <a href="/facts/Sexual_dimorphism/nx9wulFy">sexual dimorphism</a> with regard to size.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30"><sup>30</sup></a> The subspecies <i>S. a. littoralis</i> is distinguished from the nominate subspecies by its darker, redder fur color, in addition to its geographic restriction to the <a href="/facts/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States/ggS4KL87">Gulf coast</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31"><sup>31</sup></a> Very little is known about the <a href="/facts/Physiology/fh25y2pQ">physiology</a> of the swamp rabbit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32"><sup>32</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="ecology-and-behavior">Ecology and behavior</h2> <p>Swamp rabbits are <a href="/facts/Territory_(animal)/T15S7XeD">territorial</a>, though they will tolerate some overlap between the <a href="/facts/Home_range/X6KwWmIJ">home ranges</a> of individuals depending on the season.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33"><sup>33</sup></a> These home ranges can vary in size from 1 to 12 hectares.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34"><sup>34</sup></a> They will mark their territory by "chinning"—marking objects with <a href="/facts/Pheromone/ymEDICw3">pheromones</a> produced from glands near the <a href="/facts/Chin/aC3Lt3du">chin</a>. This behavior is also noted in the <a href="/facts/European_rabbit/fPkGSd2x">European rabbit</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35"><sup>35</sup></a> Males that are competing for territory or status may fight, with battles sometimes resulting in the death of an individual. Males will stand up on their hind legs, lashing out with their teeth and claws, and will even use the claws on their hind feet in jumping attacks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36"><sup>36</sup></a> However, compared to nonviolent displays of dominance and submission, fighting is rare.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37"><sup>37</sup></a> </p><p>Swamp rabbits maintain social order through displays of dominance, and communicate directly through <a href="/facts/Vocalizations/aCGgWr85">vocalizations</a> such as squeaks, chirps, squeals and alert calls. Higher-ranking males will display dominance over lower-ranking males more frequently, and will move within the home ranges of females more frequently, with the <a href="/facts/Alpha_male/l9N9GvmH">alpha male</a> copulating most often in a given season.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38"><sup>38</sup></a> The system of male dominance prevents injury between subordinate breeding males under the alpha, as the lower-ranking individuals will avoid higher-ranking males to prevent conflict. When escaping, swamp rabbits will use confusing maneuvers to evade a pursuer, such as jumping onto a log, running to the end, then backtracking and jumping off the other side.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39"><sup>39</sup></a> They are excellent swimmers, and may also dive into water to escape, sometimes keeping only the nose and eyes above the water.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40"><sup>40</sup></a> </p> <h3>Diet</h3> <p>Swamp rabbits are <a href="/facts/Herbivorous/me4YFdQA">herbivorous</a>; they eat a variety of <a href="/facts/Foraging/o2u7xmHD">foraged</a> plants, including <a href="/facts/Grass/q2CRK8q0">grasses</a>, <a href="/facts/Sedge/A1oI2H0U">sedges</a> such as <i><a href="/facts/Carex/6Yhzcr6D">Carex</a></i>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41"><sup>41</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Shrub/X1gKVxL5">shrubs</a>, <a href="/facts/Tree_bark/vdL49ec1">tree bark</a> <a href="/facts/Seedling/4v0rv1CT">seedlings</a>, and twigs.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42"><sup>42</sup></a> Though mostly nocturnal, the swamp rabbit may emerge during rain showers to feed during the day.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43"><sup>43</sup></a> The preferred foods of <i>S. aquaticus</i> are savannah panicgrass (<i><a href="/facts/Panicum/SY28b6JS">Panicum</a> gymnocarpum</i>), false nettle (<i><a href="/facts/Boehmeria_cylindrica/9wt5CCfX">Boehmeria cylindrica</a></i>), dewberry (<i><a href="/facts/Rubus_trivialis/1RwzY0Kc">Rubus trivialis</a></i>) and greenbrier (<i><a href="/facts/Smilax_bona-nox/eTMGjJCY">Smilax bona-nox</a></i>).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44"><sup>44</sup></a> </p><p>Like all <a href="/facts/Lagomorphs/0J5JT196">lagomorphs</a> (rabbits, hares, and <a href="/facts/Pika/4VMuW8TH">pikas</a>), the swamp rabbit performs <a href="/facts/Cecotrope/cmWgkG1g">cecotrophy</a> to get more nutrition from its food.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45"><sup>45</sup></a> In this process, food passes through the digestive tract twice, as the swamp rabbit will immediately consume moist pellets expelled from the anus without chewing and leave behind the dry pellets that are subsequently produced. This process is considered similar to the <a href="/facts/Cud/e3kXhCXv">cud</a>-chewing behavior of <a href="/facts/Ruminant/tTcBMxk4">ruminants</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46"><sup>46</sup></a> </p> <h3>Reproduction</h3> <p>Swamp rabbits are <a href="/facts/Reproductive_synchrony/05adVrF8">synchronous breeders</a>, and tend to breed all at the same time within a population. Females will line a depression in the ground with fur and grass to form a birthing nest.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47"><sup>47</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48"><sup>48</sup></a> These nests, also used for <a href="/facts/Thermoregulation/V692hIjw">thermoregulation</a>, are known as <i>forms</i> and are common among the non-burrowing species of rabbit.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49"><sup>49</sup></a> Females give birth to <a href="/facts/Altricial/C8JqqyaX">altricial</a> young—they are immobile upon birth, and only open their eyes and walk after three days. Weaning ends at 15 days, at which point the young leave the nest. They become sexually mature at seven months and reach their adult weight at 10 months.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50"><sup>50</sup></a> Little is known about the <a href="/facts/Recruitment_(biology)/00jGapQe">recruitment</a> behavior of juveniles into larger groups.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51"><sup>51</sup></a> </p><p>The swamp rabbit's breeding season varies across its range. It occurs year-round in Texas, but elsewhere may take place between February and August. <a href="/facts/Spermatogenesis/8u8XNEV6">Spermatogenesis</a> occurs in October and November according to a Missouri study, and in Mississippi, recorded males had descended <a href="/facts/Testes/Doy40hoq">testes</a> more often in December and February than in any other months.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52"><sup>52</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Estrus/qo2BuxlQ">Estrus</a> lasts one hour following <a href="/facts/Induced_ovulation_(animals)/aMgjfvNB">induced ovulation</a>. <a href="/facts/Gestation_period/AwUmeemD">Gestation</a> lasts 37 days on average. Up to three litters are produced annually,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53"><sup>53</sup></a> with each litter producing one to six young. <a href="/facts/Embryo_resorption/cAc9L3um">Embryo resorption</a> can occur in <i>S. aquaticus</i> in response to stress, causing loss of litters. This is attributed to flooding, which can cause overcrowding<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54"><sup>54</sup></a> as well as directly inducing the release of <a href="/facts/Stress_hormone/rLA9UHYN">stress hormones</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55"><sup>55</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56"><sup>56</sup></a> </p> <h3>Predators, parasites and diseases</h3> <p>Known predators of <i>Sylvilagus aquaticus</i> are <a href="/facts/Dog/DvQVRVzy">domestic dogs</a>, <a href="/facts/American_alligator/xHStTfHT">American alligators</a>, and <a href="/facts/Human/rlcTENsr">humans</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57"><sup>57</sup></a> <a href="/facts/Feral_pig/VbyS8oW3">Feral pigs</a> are also a potential predator.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58"><sup>58</sup></a> The swamp rabbit cannot swim fast enough to escape hunting dogs,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59"><sup>59</sup></a> and so will attempt to escape pursuers by hiding under water among plants and brush with only its nose above the surface.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60"><sup>60</sup></a> The species is hunted for <a href="/facts/Rabbit_fur/EptpcquL">fur</a>, meat, and sport, and is the second-most commonly <a href="/facts/Rabbit_hunting/g5Mcx1hG">hunted rabbit</a> in the United States. Swamp rabbits have several <a href="/facts/Adaptation/5K2gNpDB">adaptations</a> to avoid predators: <a href="/facts/Cryptic_coloration/GSjGqPuR">cryptic coloration</a>, "freezing", and rapid, irregular jumping patterns.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61"><sup>61</sup></a> </p><p><i>Sylvilagus aquaticus</i> is susceptible to <a href="/facts/Parasitism/HWPcgky7">parasitism</a> from various <a href="/facts/Roundworms/yLMJ43Eu">roundworms</a> in the genus <i><a href="/facts/Brugia/BvSU9tV1">Brugia</a></i>, specifically <i>B. lepori</i>, which is <a href="/facts/Endemism/xt4IpIsl">endemic</a> to Louisiana.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62"><sup>62</sup></a> The roundworms live in the subcutaneous and lymphatic tissue of the rabbit. <i>B. lepori</i> is also known to affect the eastern cottontail,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63"><sup>63</sup></a> and is suspected as an agent of human <i>Brugia</i> infections in the northeastern United States.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64"><sup>64</sup></a> <i>S. aquaticus</i> is also affected by other internal parasites, including <a href="/facts/Trematodes/d3J87oDn">trematodes</a> and <a href="/facts/Cestodes/DP40WIv2">cestodes</a>, as well as the parasitic tick <i><a href="/facts/Haemaphysalis_leporispalustris/R59sdW7E">Haemaphysalis leporispalustris</a></i>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65"><sup>65</sup></a> It is known to contract <a href="/facts/Tularemia/YGQKDcrW">tularemia</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66"><sup>66</sup></a> and <a href="/facts/Leptospirosis/4MSPDpnY">leptospirosis</a>, though the latter disease is not considered to have a major impact on mortality.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67"><sup>67</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="relationship-with-humans">Relationship with humans</h2> <p>The swamp rabbit has an average lifespan of 1.8 years,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68"><sup>68</sup></a> but individuals living up to 9 years have been recorded.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69"><sup>69</sup></a> It is hunted in its native range, both for its products (meat and fur) and for <a href="/facts/Sport_hunting/1JrfcsI8">sport</a>, which has been noted as not significantly affecting populations. Agricultural development within its range has caused <a href="/facts/Habitat_loss/pyPMkBCY">habitat loss</a>, as these developments both alter the usable habitat and increase severity and frequency of flooding.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70"><sup>70</sup></a> The swamp rabbit is occasionally kept in captivity as a subject of study.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71"><sup>71</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72"><sup>72</sup></a> </p> <h3>Conservation</h3> <p><i>Sylvilagus palustris</i> is protected by state-level regulations in some areas. In Indiana, it is classified as "State Endangered", and in Missouri and South Carolina, it is a <a href="/facts/Species_of_special_concern/rcwhhckv">species of special concern</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73"><sup>73</sup></a> The <a href="/facts/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature/QwV8JXup">International Union for Conservation of Nature</a> considers it a <a href="/facts/Least-concern_species/8u7koV5r">least-concern species</a> as of 2019, though it notes that the population is decreasing overall.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74"><sup>74</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Jimmy_Carter_rabbit_incident/dHF6Lqk1">Jimmy Carter rabbit incident</a></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li> Media related to Sylvilagus aquaticus at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Chapman, Joseph A.; Feldhamer, George A. (1981-05-08). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Mammalian Species (151): 1–4. doi:10.2307/3504012. JSTOR 3504012. <a href="https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114" target="_blank">https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Lyon, Marcus Ward Jr. (1904). "Classification of the hares and their allies" (PDF). Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45 (28): 329–330. <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Ward_Lyon_Jr." target="_blank">/wiki/Marcus_Ward_Lyon_Jr.</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Nelson, Edward William (August 31, 1909), "The rabbits of North America", North American Fauna, 29 (29), United States Department of Agriculture: 265–275, doi:10.3996/nafa.29.0001 <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson" target="_blank">/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>Svihla, Ruth Dowell (November 1929). "Habits of Sylvilagus aquaticus littoralis". Journal of Mammalogy. 10 (4): 315–319. doi:10.2307/1374118. JSTOR 1374118. <a href="https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/1374118" target="_blank">https://academic.oup.com/jmammal/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/1374118</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Nelson, Edward William (August 31, 1909), "The rabbits of North America", North American Fauna, 29 (29), United States Department of Agriculture: 265–275, doi:10.3996/nafa.29.0001 <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson" target="_blank">/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Chapman, Joseph A.; Feldhamer, George A. (1981-05-08). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Mammalian Species (151): 1–4. doi:10.2307/3504012. JSTOR 3504012. <a href="https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114" target="_blank">https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Pintus, Kathryn; Bourne, Debra. "Sylvilagus aquaticus - Swamp rabbit". Wildpro. Twycross Zoo. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2025. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Robinson, T.J.; Elder, F.F.B.; Chapman, J.A. (2008-05-07). "Evolution of chromosomal variation in cottontails, genus Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha): S. aquaticus, S. floridanus, and S. transitionalis". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 35 (3): 216–222. doi:10.1159/000131869. ISSN 0301-0171. PMID 6861527. <a href="https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/35/3/216/337270/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext" target="_blank">https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/35/3/216/337270/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Robinson, T.J.; Elder, F.F.B.; Chapman, J.A. (2008-05-08). "Evolution of chromosomal variation in cottontails, genus Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha): II. Sylvilagus audubonii, S. idahoensis, S. nuttallii, and S. palustris". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 38 (4): 282–289. doi:10.1159/000132076. ISSN 0301-0171. PMID 6510022. <a href="https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/38/4/282/337457/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext" target="_blank">https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/38/4/282/337457/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Robinson, T.J.; Elder, F.F.B.; Chapman, J.A. (2008-05-07). "Evolution of chromosomal variation in cottontails, genus Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha): S. aquaticus, S. floridanus, and S. transitionalis". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 35 (3): 216–222. doi:10.1159/000131869. ISSN 0301-0171. PMID 6861527. <a href="https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/35/3/216/337270/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext" target="_blank">https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/35/3/216/337270/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Robinson, T.J.; Elder, F.F.B.; Chapman, J.A. (2008-05-08). "Evolution of chromosomal variation in cottontails, genus Sylvilagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha): II. Sylvilagus audubonii, S. idahoensis, S. nuttallii, and S. palustris". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 38 (4): 282–289. doi:10.1159/000132076. ISSN 0301-0171. PMID 6510022. <a href="https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/38/4/282/337457/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext" target="_blank">https://karger.com/cgr/article-abstract/38/4/282/337457/Evolution-of-chromosomal-variation-in-cottontails?redirectedFrom=fulltext</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Iraçabal, Leandro; Barbosa, Matheus R.; Selvatti, Alexandre Pedro; Russo, Claudia Augusta de Moraes (2024). "Molecular time estimates for the Lagomorpha diversification". PLOS ONE. 19 (9): e0307380. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0307380. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 11379240. PMID 39241029. <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379240" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379240</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>Roszko, Annamarie (2007). Dewey, Tanya; Powers, Karen (eds.). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 2013-05-27. Retrieved 26 March 2025. <a href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/" target="_blank">http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:17"><p>"Sylvilagus aquaticus". NatureServe Explorer. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 26 March 2025. <a href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105645/Sylvilagus_aquaticus" target="_blank">https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105645/Sylvilagus_aquaticus</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:18"><p>Roszko, Annamarie (2007). Dewey, Tanya; Powers, Karen (eds.). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 2013-05-27. Retrieved 26 March 2025. <a href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/" target="_blank">http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:19"><p>Suriyamongkol, Thanchira; Esposito, Jessica L.; Nielsen, Clayton K.; Groninger, John W. (2024), Effectiveness of swamp rabbits as indicator species for wildlife in bottomland hardwood forests, doi:10.2139/ssrn.4986899, retrieved 2025-02-18 <a href="https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=4986899" target="_blank">https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=4986899</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:20"><p>Hillard, Elizabeth M.; Edmund, Alison C.; Crawford, Joanne C.; Nielsen, Clayton K.; Schauber, Eric M.; Groninger, John W. (2018). "Winter Snow Cover Increases Swamp Rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus) mortality at the northern extent of their range". Mammalian Biology. 93: 93–96. Bibcode:2018MamBi..93...93H. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2018.09.001. <a href="/wiki/Mammalian_Biology" target="_blank">/wiki/Mammalian_Biology</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:21"><p>Pintus, Kathryn; Bourne, Debra. "Sylvilagus aquaticus - Swamp rabbit". Wildpro. Twycross Zoo. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2025. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:22"><p>Lanier, H.C.; Nielsen, C. (2019). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T41296A45190578. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41296A45190578.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021. <a href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41296/45190578" target="_blank">https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41296/45190578</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:23"><p>Hillard, Elizabeth M.; Edmund, Alison C.; Crawford, Joanne C.; Nielsen, Clayton K.; Schauber, Eric M.; Groninger, John W. (2018). "Winter Snow Cover Increases Swamp Rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus) mortality at the northern extent of their range". Mammalian Biology. 93: 93–96. Bibcode:2018MamBi..93...93H. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2018.09.001. <a href="/wiki/Mammalian_Biology" target="_blank">/wiki/Mammalian_Biology</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:24"><p>Álvarez-Castañeda, Sergio Ticul (2024), "Order Lagomorpha", Mammals of North America - Volume 1, Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, p. 537, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-41661-3_8, ISBN 978-3-031-41660-6, retrieved 2025-02-24 <a href="978-3-031-41660-6" target="_blank">978-3-031-41660-6</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:25"><p>Pintus, Kathryn; Bourne, Debra. "Sylvilagus aquaticus - Swamp rabbit". Wildpro. Twycross Zoo. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2025. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:26"><p>Roszko, Annamarie (2007). Dewey, Tanya; Powers, Karen (eds.). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 2013-05-27. Retrieved 26 March 2025. <a href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/" target="_blank">http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:27"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:28"><p>Pintus, Kathryn; Bourne, Debra. "Sylvilagus aquaticus - Swamp rabbit". Wildpro. Twycross Zoo. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2025. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20180121144645/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_aquaticus.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:29"><p>Roszko, Annamarie (2007). Dewey, Tanya; Powers, Karen (eds.). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. Archived from the original on 2013-05-27. Retrieved 26 March 2025. <a href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/" target="_blank">http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sylvilagus_aquaticus/</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:30"><p>Heldstab, Sandra A. (December 2021). "Habitat characteristics and life history explain reproductive seasonality in lagomorphs". Mammalian Biology. 101 (6): 739–757. doi:10.1007/s42991-021-00127-0. ISSN 1616-5047. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs42991-021-00127-0" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs42991-021-00127-0</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:31"><p>Nelson, Edward William (August 31, 1909), "The rabbits of North America", North American Fauna, 29 (29), United States Department of Agriculture: 265–275, doi:10.3996/nafa.29.0001 <a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson" target="_blank">/wiki/Edward_William_Nelson</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:32"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:33"><p>Schai-Braun, S. C.; Hackländer, K. (2016). "Family Leporidae (Hares and Rabbits)". In Wilson, D.E.; Lacher, T.E.; Mittermeier, R.A. (eds.). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 6. Lagomorphs and Rodents I. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 119. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4. <a href="978-84-941892-3-4" target="_blank">978-84-941892-3-4</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:34"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:35"><p>Chapman, Joseph A.; Feldhamer, George A. (1981-05-08). "Sylvilagus aquaticus". Mammalian Species (151): 1–4. doi:10.2307/3504012. JSTOR 3504012. <a href="https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114" target="_blank">https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article/doi/10.2307/3504012/2600114</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:36"><p>Reed, Don (September 2008). "Wildlife species profile: Swamp rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus)" (PDF). Louisiana Wildlife News. No. 5. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2014. <a href="http://www.lsuagcenter.com/NR/rdonlyres/CFE42412-3A8C-4E5B-9D20-5A5248407EEE/50474/WildlifeNewsSept2008HIGHRES.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.lsuagcenter.com/NR/rdonlyres/CFE42412-3A8C-4E5B-9D20-5A5248407EEE/50474/WildlifeNewsSept2008HIGHRES.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:37"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:38"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". In Smith, Andrew T.; Johnston, Charlotte H.; Alves, Paulo C.; Hackländer, Klaus (eds.). Lagomorphs: Pikas, Rabbits, and Hares of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 117–119. doi:10.1353/book.57193. ISBN 978-1-4214-2341-8. LCCN 2017004268. <a href="978-1-4214-2341-8" target="_blank">978-1-4214-2341-8</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:39"><p>Schai-Braun, S. C.; Hackländer, K. (2016). "Family Leporidae (Hares and Rabbits)". In Wilson, D.E.; Lacher, T.E.; Mittermeier, R.A. (eds.). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 6. Lagomorphs and Rodents I. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 119. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4. <a href="978-84-941892-3-4" target="_blank">978-84-941892-3-4</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:40"><p>Nielsen, Clayton K.; Berkman, Leah K. (2018). "Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837) Swamp rabbit". 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