Lists of metalloids - Reference.org

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Lists of metalloids

List article

This is a list of 194 sources that list elements classified as metalloids. The sources are listed in chronological order. Lists of metalloids differ since there is no rigorous widely accepted definition of metalloid (or its occasional alias, 'semi-metal'). Individual lists share common ground, with variations occurring at the margins. The elements most often regarded as metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and tellurium. Other sources may subtract from this list, add a varying number of other elements, or both.

Overview

Elements recognized as metalloids

	13	14	15	16	17
2	BBoron	CCarbon	NNitrogen	OOxygen	FFluorine
3	AlAluminium	SiSilicon	PPhosphorus	SSulfur	ClChlorine
4	GaGallium	GeGermanium	AsArsenic	SeSelenium	BrBromine
5	InIndium	SnTin	SbAntimony	TeTellurium	IIodine
6	TlThallium	PbLead	BiBismuth	PoPolonium	AtAstatine

Commonly recognized (86–99%): B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te Irregularly recognized (40–49%): Po, At Less commonly recognized (24%): Se Rarely recognized (8–10%): C, Al (All other elements cited in less than 6% of sources) Arbitrary metal-nonmetal dividing line: between Be and B, Al and Si, Ge and As, Sb and Te, Po and At
Recognition status, as metalloids, of some elements in the p-block of the periodic table. Percentages are median appearance frequencies in the lists of metalloids.² The staircase-shaped line is a typical example of the arbitrary metal–nonmetal dividing line found on some periodic tables.

Element		Citations	Frequency
		in n = 194publications	194 = 100%

Arsenic	As	191.5	99%
Tellurium	Te	190.5	98%
Germanium	Ge	184.5	95%
Silicon	Si	183.5	95%
Antimony	Sb	169.5	87%
Boron	B	166	86%
Polonium	Po	94.5	49%
Astatine	At	77	40%
Selenium	Se	46	24%
Aluminium	Al	18	9.3%
Carbon	C	16.5	8.5%
Bismuth	Bi	11.5	5.9%
Phosphorus	P	10	5.2%
Beryllium	Be	7.5	3.9%
Tin	Sn	5.5	2.8%
Sulfur	S	3	1.5%
Livermorium	Lv	3	1.5%
Iodine	I	2.5	1.3%
Flerovium	Fl	1	0.5%
Gallium	Ga	1	0.5%
Hydrogen	H	1	0.5%
Lead	Pb	1	0.5%
Moscovium	Mc	1	0.5%
Tennessine	Ts	1	0.5%

Chronological list

This table shows which elements are included in each of 194 different lists of metalloids. A parenthesized symbol indicates an element whose inclusion in a particular metalloid list is qualified in some way by the author(s). The 'citations' rows show how many and what percentage of the authorities consider each element to be a metalloid, with qualified citations counted as one-half.

Citations as metalloid by element
Element		Arsenic	Tellurium	Germanium	Silicon	Antimony	Boron	Polonium	Astatine	Selenium	Aluminium	Carbon	Bismuth	Phosphorus	Beryllium	Tin	Sulfur	Livermorium	Iodine	Other	Count
Element		As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At	Se	Al	C	Bi	P	Be	Sn	S	Lv	I		avg
Citations(with qualification)*		191.5(1)	190.5(1)	184.5(3)	183.5(1)	169.5(3)	166(2)	94.5(5)	77(6)	46(4)	18(2)	16.5(3)	11.5(1)	10(2)	7.5(1)	5.5(1)	3(0)	3(0)	2.5(1)	6(0)	7.15
(% out of 194)		99%	98%	95%	95%	87%	86%	49%	40%	24%	9.3%	8.5%	5.9%	5.2%	3.9%	2.8%	1.5%	1.5%	1.3%	3.1%
Source	Yr
Simmons³	1947	As	Te			Sb				Se											4
Pauling⁴	1949	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Szabó & Lakatos⁵	1954	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al				Be						10
Dull, Metcalfe & Williams⁶	1958	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Frey⁷	1958	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Johnstone & Miller⁸	1960	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se		C		P							9
Edwards et al.⁹	1961	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se									I		8
Bond¹⁰	1962	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Swift & Schaefer¹¹	1962	As		Ge	Si	Sb	B						Bi								6
Hoffman¹²	1963	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B								Be						7
Nathans¹³	1963	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Bailar, Moeller & Kleinberg¹⁴	1965	As	Te	Ge						Se											4
Selwood¹⁵	1965	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al		Bi			Sn				Ga	12
Bassett et al.¹⁶	1966		Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po			Al				Be						8
Hultgren¹⁷	1966	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb				Se		C									7
Metcalfe, Williams & Castka¹⁸	1966	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po			(Al)										7.5
Rochow¹⁹	1966	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	(Po)	(At)	(Se)		(C)	(Bi)	(P)							9
Mahan²⁰	1967	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Paul, King & Farinholt²¹	1967	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb				Se											6
Siebring²²	1967	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po			Al										8
Cotton & Lynch²³	1968	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At	Se		C									9
Dunstan²⁴	1968	As	Te	(Ge)		Sb		Po			Al		Bi		Be	Sn				Pb	7.5
Tyrell & Warren²⁵	1968	As	Te	(Ge)	Si	(Sb)	B	(Po)	At	(Se)	(Al)	(C)		(P)					(I)		9.5
Williams, Embree & DeBey²⁶	1968	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po			Al										8
Chedd²⁷	1969	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Hägg²⁸	1969	As	Te	Ge		Sb			At							Sn					6
Holum²⁹	1969	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Hunter³⁰	1969	As	Te		Si	Sb				Se											5
Moody³¹	1969	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al				Be						10
Dickerson, Gray & Haight³²	1970	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Hardwick & Knobler³³	1970	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Williams, Embree & DeBay³⁴	1970	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po			Al				Be						9
Dickson³⁵	1971	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po													6
Emsley³⁶	1971	As	Te	Ge		Sb															4
Nitz & Dhonau³⁷	1971	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Pimentel & Spratley³⁸	1971	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	(Po)	(At)	Se		C									9
Barrow³⁹	1972	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Choppin & Johnsen⁴⁰	1972	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Horvath⁴¹	1973	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Pascoe⁴²	1973		Te	Ge	Si		B		At	Se		C		P							8
Seager & Stoker⁴³	1973	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al				Be						10
Allen & Keefer⁴⁴	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At	Se											8
Andrews⁴⁵	1974	As	Te		Si		B		At												5
Day & Johnson⁴⁶	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po	At												7
Dickson⁴⁷	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po	At												7
Duffy⁴⁸	1974	As	Te	Ge		Sb				Se											5
Fuller⁴⁹	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si		B			Se		C									7
Nordmann⁵⁰	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si		B	Po	At	Se											8
O'Connor⁵¹	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Rock & Gerhold⁵²	1974	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Pauling & Pauling⁵³	1975	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Hearst & Ifft⁵⁴	1976	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Tyler Miller⁵⁵	1976	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al									H	10
Waser, Trueblood & Knobler⁵⁶	1976	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Bloomfield⁵⁷	1977	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Ucko⁵⁸	1977	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Hill & Holman⁵⁹	1978	As	Te	Ge	Si		B					(C)									5.5
Coxon, Fergusson & Phillips⁶⁰	1980	As	Te	Ge	Si	(Sb)	B		At						(Be)						7
Warrena & Geballe⁶¹	1981	As	Te		Si		B		At	Se		C		P			S				9
Walters⁶²	1982	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Edwards & Sienko⁶³	1983	As	Te	Ge		Sb		Po	(At)												5.5
Holtzclaw, Robinson & Nebergall⁶⁴	1984	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Boikess & Edelson⁶⁵	1985	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Peters⁶⁶	1986	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Hibbert & James⁶⁷	1987	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po					Bi								7
Jones et al.⁶⁸	1987	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
McQuarrie & Rock⁶⁹	1987	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Wulfsberg⁷⁰	1987	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Thayer⁷¹	1988	As	Te	Ge	Si		B							P							6
Whitten, Gailey & Davis⁷²	1988	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Bailar et al.⁷³	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Gill⁷⁴	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Malone⁷⁵	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Petrucci⁷⁶	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po	At												7
Puddephatt & Monaghan⁷⁷	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Scott⁷⁸	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Segal⁷⁹	1989	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Oxtoby, Nachtrieb & Freeman⁸⁰	1990	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Atkins & Beran⁸¹	1990	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po													6
Ebbing & Wrighton⁸²	1993	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Zumdahl⁸³	1993	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Birk⁸⁴	1994	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Smith⁸⁵	1994	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
AAE⁸⁶	1996	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Brady & Holum⁸⁷	1996	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Harrison & de Mora⁸⁸	1996	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Hook & Post⁸⁹	1996	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Atkins & Jones⁹⁰	1997	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po													6
Dayah⁹¹	1997	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Mingos⁹²	1998	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Joesten & Wood⁹³	1999	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Kremer⁹⁴	1999	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Thompson⁹⁵	1999	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Umland & Bellama⁹⁶	1999	As	Te	Ge	Si		B		At	Se											7
Callister⁹⁷	2000	As	Te	Ge	Si		B			Se		C									7
Enloe⁹⁸	2000	As	Te		Si		B		At												5
Mann, Meek & Allen⁹⁹	2000	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po					Bi								8
Phillips, Stozak & Wistrom¹⁰⁰	2000	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Ryan¹⁰¹	2000	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Hawkes¹⁰²	2001	As	Te	Ge		Sb				Se			Bi								6
Lewis & Evans¹⁰³	2001	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Masterton & Hurley¹⁰⁴	2001	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Barrett¹⁰⁵	2002	(As)	(Te)	(Ge)	(Si)	(Sb)	(B)			(Se)											3.5
Chang¹⁰⁶	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At									Lv		Ts	10
Harding, Johnson & Janes¹⁰⁷	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb															5
Johnson¹⁰⁸	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb			At												6
Rodgers¹⁰⁹	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Szefer¹¹⁰	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb				Se											6
Woodgate¹¹¹	2002	As	Te	Ge		Sb					Al										5
Wright & Welbourn¹¹²	2002	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
e-encyclopedia¹¹³	2003	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Gupta¹¹⁴	2003	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Hunt¹¹⁵	2003	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Myers¹¹⁶	2003	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At	Se											8
Williams¹¹⁷	2003	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Atkins¹¹⁸	2004	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Cox¹¹⁹	2004	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb				Se											6
Gilbert, Kirss & Davies¹²⁰	2004	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At	Se											8
Reilly¹²¹	2004	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At	Se											9
Ebbing & Gammon¹²²	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Fry & Page¹²³	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Halliday, Resnick & Walker¹²⁴	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Holler & Selegue¹²⁵	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	(At)												7.5
Kotz, Treichel & Weaver¹²⁶	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Meyer¹²⁷	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Orchin¹²⁸	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Swenson¹²⁹	2005	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At	Se		C	Bi								11
Baird¹³⁰	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Blei & Odian¹³¹	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po	At									Lv			8
Brown & Holme¹³²	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Dashek & Harrison¹³³	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Finch et al.¹³⁴	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Goldfrank & Flomenbaum¹³⁵	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Hatt¹³⁶	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Hérold¹³⁷	2006	As		Ge	Si		B	Po	(At)	Se		C	Bi	P							9.5
McMonagle¹³⁸	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si		B											Lv		Fl Mc	8
Rayner-Canham & Overton¹³⁹	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si		B														5
Silberberg¹⁴⁰	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Slade¹⁴¹	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Wertheim, Oxlade & Stockley¹⁴²	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At	Se											8
Whitley¹⁴³	2006	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
American Chemical Society¹⁴⁴	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Astruc¹⁴⁵	2007	As			Si		B			Se				P			S				6
Casper¹⁴⁶	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Crystal¹⁴⁷	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
DeGraff¹⁴⁸	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Joesten, Hogg & Castellion¹⁴⁹	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Lewis¹⁵⁰	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po		Se		C		P			S				11
Petty¹⁵¹	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At	Se		C	Bi	P		Sn					13
Rösler, Harders & Bäker¹⁵²	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B									(Sn)					6.5
Saunders¹⁵³	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Saunders¹⁵⁴	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Shipman, Wilson & Tood¹⁵⁵	2007	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Bauer, Birk & Sawyer¹⁵⁶	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Clugston & Flemming¹⁵⁷	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb				Se											6
Encyclopedia Columbia¹⁵⁸	2008	As	Te			Sb				Se											4
Ham¹⁵⁹	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Kelter, Mosher & Scott¹⁶⁰	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Masterton & Hurley¹⁶¹	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Merck¹⁶²	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Nicolaou & Montagnon¹⁶³	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At			C									9
Řezanka & Sigler¹⁶⁴	2008	As	Te		Si		B		At	Se											6
Tro & Neu¹⁶⁵	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Vallero¹⁶⁶	2008	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Brown et al.¹⁶⁷	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Burrows et al.¹⁶⁸	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Castor-Perry¹⁶⁹	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At										I		9
Cracolice & Peters¹⁷⁰	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Economou¹⁷¹	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At		Al										9
Habashi¹⁷²	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po		Se			Bi								9
Hein & Arena¹⁷³	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Leach¹⁷⁴	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Manning¹⁷⁵	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
McMurray & Fay¹⁷⁶	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Reger, Goode & Ball¹⁷⁷	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Schnepp¹⁷⁸	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Shubert & Leyba¹⁷⁹	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Whitten et al.¹⁸⁰	2009	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
Aldinger & Weberruss¹⁸¹	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Banks et al.¹⁸²	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B														6
Fayer¹⁸³	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
Gray¹⁸⁴	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Groysman¹⁸⁵	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb		Po													6
Halka & Nordstrom¹⁸⁶	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Lombi E & Holm PE¹⁸⁷	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At												8
NEST Association¹⁸⁸	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
RCCS¹⁸⁹	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po	At	Se		C	Bi	P		Sn					13
Senese¹⁹⁰	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	(B)	Po	At	(Se)		C									9
Weiner¹⁹¹	2010	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Barbalace¹⁹²	2011	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	Po													7
Encyclopædia Britannica Online¹⁹³	2011	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	(Po)	(At)												7
Helmenstine¹⁹⁴	2011	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B	(Po)													6.5
Moore¹⁹⁵	2011	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B		At												7
QA International¹⁹⁶	2011	As	Te	Ge	Si	Sb	B			Se											7
Element		Arsenic	Tellurium	Germanium	Silicon	Antimony	Boron	Polonium	Astatine	Selenium	Aluminium	Carbon	Bismuth	Phosphorus	Beryllium	Tin	Sulfur	Livermorium	Iodine	Other

() Parenthesized symbols indicate elements whose inclusion in a particular metalloid list is qualified in some way by the author(s). It is counted as 0.5 citation.

There is an average of 7.15 elements per metalloid list.

Appearance frequency clusters

Elements cited in the listed sources (as of August 2011; n = 194) have appearance frequencies that occur in clusters of comparable values. The diamonds in the graph mark the mean appearance frequency of each cluster.

Cluster 1 (93%): B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te
Cluster 2 (44%): Po, At
Cluster 3 (24%): Se
Cluster 4 (9%): C, Al
Cluster 5 (5%): Be, P, Bi
Cluster 6 (3%): Sn
Cluster 7 (1%): H, Ga, S, I, Pb, Fl, Mc, Lv, Ts

The resulting geometric trend line has the formula y = 199.47e−0.7423x and an R2 value of 0.9962.¹⁹⁷

Elements regarded as metalloids

The elements commonly classified as metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and tellurium.¹⁹⁸ The status of polonium and astatine is not settled. Most authors recognise one or the other, or both, as metalloids; Herman, Hoffmann and Ashcroft, on the basis of relativistic modelling, predict astatine will be a monatomic metal.¹⁹⁹ One or more of carbon, aluminium, phosphorus, selenium, tin or bismuth, these being periodic table neighbours of the elements commonly classified as metalloids, are sometimes recognised as metalloids.²⁰⁰ Selenium, in particular, is commonly designated as a metalloid in environmental chemistry ²⁰¹ on account of similarities in its aquatic chemistry with that of arsenic and antimony.²⁰² There are fewer references to beryllium, in spite of its periodic table position adjoining the dividing line between metals and nonmetals. Isolated references in the literature can also be found to the categorisation of other elements as metalloids. These elements include: hydrogen, nitrogen,²⁰³ sulfur,²⁰⁴ zinc,²⁰⁵ gallium,²⁰⁶ iodine,²⁰⁷ lead,²⁰⁸ and radon²⁰⁹ (citations are for references other than those listed above).

Notes

References

Lack of a rigorous definition: Goldsmith RH 1982, 'Metalloids', Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 59, no. 6, pp. 526–527, doi:10.1021/ed059p526 Hawkes SJ 2001, 'Semimetallicity', Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 78, no. 12, pp. 1686–87, doi:10.1021/ed078p1686 /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩
For a related commentary see also: Vernon RE 2013, 'Which Elements Are Metalloids?', Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 90, no. 12, pp. 1703–1707, doi:10.1021/ed3008457 /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩
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Lead: Murray JF 1928, 'Cable-sheath corrosion', Electrical World, vol. 92, Dec 29, pp. 1295–7 (1295) ↩
Radon: Hampel CA & Hawley GG 1966, The encyclopedia of chemistry, 3rd ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York,p. 950 Stein L 1985, 'New evidence that radon is a metalloid element: ion-exchange reactions of cationic radon', Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, vol. 22, pp. 1631–2, doi:10.1039/C39850001631 Stein L 1987, 'Chemical properties of radon' in PK Hopke (ed.) 1987, Radon and its decay products: Occurrence, properties, and health effects, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, pp. 240–51 (240, 247–8), ISBN 0841210152 /wiki/Doi_(identifier) ↩