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Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution
NASA spectrograph flown on the Intelsat 40e communications satellite

Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) is a space-based spectrometer designed to measure air pollution across greater North America at a high resolution and on an hourly basis. The ultraviolet–visible spectrometer will provide hourly data on ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and formaldehyde in the atmosphere.

TEMPO is a hosted payload on a commercial geostationary communication satellite with a constant view of North America. TEMPO's spectrometer measures reflected sunlight from the Earth's atmosphere and separates it into 2,000 component wavelengths. It will scan North America from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Alberta oil sands to Mexico City. TEMPO will form part of a geostationary constellation of pollution-monitoring assets, along with the planned Sentinel-4 from ESA and Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) from South Korea's KARI.

On 3 February 2020, Intelsat announced that the Intelsat 40e satellite will host TEMPO. Maxar Technologies, the builder of the satellite, is responsible for payload integration. The launch occurred on 7 April 2023.

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Earth Venture-Instrument program

TEMPO, which is a collaboration between NASA and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, is NASA's first Earth Venture-Instrument (EVI) mission.1112 The EVI program is an element within the Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) program office, which is under NASA's Science Mission Directorate Earth Science Division (SMD/ESD). EVI's are a series of innovative "science-driven, competitively selected, low cost missions". The series of "Venture Class" missions were recommended in the 2007 publication Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond.13 "[I]nnovative research and application missions that might address any area of Earth science" are selected through frequent "openly-competed solicitations".14

Earth Venture missions are "small-sized competitively selected orbital missions and instrument missions of opportunity" and include NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR), Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT), ICESat-2, SAGE III on ISS, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow On (GRACE-FO), Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS), and the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation lidar (GEDI).15

References

  1. William Harwood (7 April 2023). "SpaceX launches Intelsat relay station carrying NASA air pollution monitor". CBS News. Retrieved April 7, 2023. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/spacex-launches-nasa-air-pollution-monitor-satellite/ ↩

  2. Justine Calma (7 April 2023). "NASA's powerful new air quality monitor has launched into space". Retrieved April 7, 2023. https://www.theverge.com/2023/4/7/23673162/nasa-air-quality-monitor-satellite-launch-tempo ↩

  3. "NASA's TEMPO instrument to measure air quality in NY, LA and Chicago". CBS News. 14 March 2023. Retrieved April 7, 2023. https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/nasa-tempo-instrument-chicago/ ↩

  4. William Harwood (7 April 2023). "SpaceX launches Intelsat relay station carrying NASA air pollution monitor". CBS News. Retrieved April 7, 2023. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/spacex-launches-nasa-air-pollution-monitor-satellite/ ↩

  5. "NASA's TEMPO Mission to Launch in Early April". 3 April 2023. Retrieved April 20, 2023. https://www.tomorrowsworldtoday.com/2023/04/03/nasas-tempo-mission-launch/ ↩

  6. Zoogman, P.; et al. (January 2017). "Tropospheric emissions: Monitoring of pollution (TEMPO)" (PDF). Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer. 186: 17–39. Bibcode:2017JQSRT.186...17Z. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.05.008. PMC 7430511. PMID 32817995. https://arroma.uiowa.edu/docs/publication/paper_pdf/2017/Zoogman.pdf ↩

  7. "Maxar Integrates NASA Pollution-Monitoring Payload with Intelsat 40e Spacecraft". Maxar Technologies. 23 November 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2021. https://blog.maxar.com/space-infrastructure/2021/maxar-integrates-nasa-pollution-monitoring-payload-with-intelsat-40e-spacecraft ↩

  8. "Maxar Technologies Will Build Next-Generation Intelsat Epic Geostationary Communications Satellite with NASA Hosted Payload". Maxar Technologies (Press release). Business Wire. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200203005185/en/ ↩

  9. Werner, Debra (22 July 2019). "Maxar to install NASA pollution sensor on commercial satellite". SpaceNews. Retrieved 18 November 2019. https://spacenews.com/maxar-to-install-nasa-pollution-sensor-on-commercial-satellite/ ↩

  10. Baylor, Michael. "Falcon 9 Block 5 - Intelsat-40e/TEMPO". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved 15 February 2023. https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/4083 ↩

  11. "TEMPO Twitter page". Twitter.com. Retrieved 5 June 2019. "TEMPO will measure pollution of N. America hourly at high spatial resolution. NASA's first Earth Venture Instrument mission is a collaboration with Smithsonian". https://twitter.com/TEMPO_Mission ↩

  12. "Missions: Earth Venture-Instrument". NASA. Retrieved 5 June 2019. https://eospso.nasa.gov/mission-category/55 ↩

  13. Earth Science and Applications from Space: National Imperatives for the Next Decade and Beyond. National Academies Press. 2007. doi:10.17226/11820. ISBN 978-0-309-66714-2. LCCN 2007936350. 978-0-309-66714-2 ↩

  14. "Missions: Venture Class". NASA. Retrieved 5 June 2019. https://eospso.nasa.gov/mission-category/13 ↩

  15. Neeck, Steven P. (October 2015). Meynart, Roland; Neeck, Steven P; Shimoda, Haruhisa (eds.). The NASA Earth Science Flight Program: An update. Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIX. Vol. 9639. 963907. Bibcode:2015SPIE.9639E..07N. doi:10.1117/12.2199919. ISBN 978-1-62841-849-1. S2CID 131347159. 978-1-62841-849-1 ↩