Menu
Home Explore People Places Arts History Plants & Animals Science Life & Culture Technology
On this page
Orenburg Oblast
First-level administrative division of Russia

Orenburg Oblast (also Orenburzhye) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), mainly located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast had a population of 1,862,767, down from 2,033,072 in the 2010 Census.

We don't have any images related to Orenburg Oblast yet.
We don't have any YouTube videos related to Orenburg Oblast yet.
We don't have any PDF documents related to Orenburg Oblast yet.
We don't have any Books related to Orenburg Oblast yet.
We don't have any archived web articles related to Orenburg Oblast yet.

Geography

Orenburg Oblast's internal borders are with the republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan to the north, Chelyabinsk Oblast to the north-east, and with Samara and Saratov oblasts to the west. Orenburg Oblast also shares an international border with Kazakhstan to the east and south. The oblast is situated on the boundary between Europe and Asia. The majority of its territory lies west of the continental divide in European Russia and smaller sections in the east situated on the Asian side of the divide. The most important river of the oblast is the Ural and the largest lake Shalkar-Yega-Kara. Orenburg is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude. The highest point of the oblast is the 668 m (2,192 ft)-high Nakas.5

History

In the first half of the 18th century, the Russian Empire constructed the Irtysh line [ru], a series of 46 forts, including Orenburg,6 to prevent Kazakh and Dzungar nomads from raiding Russian territory.7

Orenburg played a major role in Pugachev's Rebellion (1773–1774), the largest peasant revolt in Russian history.

During the Russian Civil War, the region was heavily affected by the Russian famine of 1921–1922.

During World War II in 1941, the command and staff of the newly formed Polish Anders' Army was based in Buzuluk,8 and in 1942, the First Czechoslovak Independent Field Battalion was based there. Both formations afterwards fought against Nazi Germany.

On 26 May 2024, a Ukrainian drone attacked the Voronezh M long-range radar station near Orsk.9

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Orenburg Oblast

Demographics

Population: 1,862,767 (2021 Census);10 2,033,072 (2010 Census);11 2,179,551 (2002 Census);12 2,174,459 (1989 Soviet census).13

Ethnic composition (2021)14

Ethnic groupPopulationPercentage
Russians1,380,67479.3%
Tatars116,6056.7%
Kazakhs107,7346.2%
Bashkirs36,1812.1%
Mordvins18,3001.1%
Ukrainians16,6391.0%
Others65,0563.7%
Ethnicity not stated121,578—

Vital statistics for 2024:15

  • Births: 15,366 (8.4 per 1,000)
  • Deaths: 26,368 (14.5 per 1,000)

Total fertility rate (2024):16 1.47 children per woman

Life expectancy (2021):17 Total — 68.21 years (male — 63.91, female — 72.48)

Settlements

   Largest cities or towns in Orenburg Oblast2010 Russian Census
RankAdministrative DivisionPop.
OrenburgOrsk1OrenburgOrenburgsky District548,331NovotroitskBuzuluk
2OrskCity of oblast significance of Orsk239,800
3NovotroitskTown of oblast significance of Novotroitsk98,173
4BuzulukBuzuluksky District82,904
5BuguruslanBuguruslansky District49,741
6GayGaysky District38,301
7SorochinskSorochinsky District29,249
8Sol-IletskSol-Iletsky District28,377
9MednogorskTown of oblast significance of Mednogorsk27,292
10KuvandykKuvandyksky District26,169

Religion

Religion in Orenburg Oblast as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)1819
Russian Orthodoxy 40.2%
Other Orthodox 1.7%
Other Christians 3.6%
Islam 13.8%
Rodnovery and other native faiths 3%
Spiritual but not religious 20%
Atheism and irreligion 12.4%
Other and undeclared 5.3%

As of a 2012 survey,20 40.2% of the population of Orenburg Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 3% declare themselves to be generic nondenominational Christians (excluding the Protestant definition), 2% are Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to any church or belong to non-Russian Orthodox churches. Muslims constitute 13% of the population. 3% of the population are followers of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), 6.8% are followers of other religions or did not give an answer to the survey. In addition, 20% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious" and 12% to be atheist.21

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18971,600,145—    
19261,492,211−6.7%
19391,675,000+12.2%
19591,829,481+9.2%
19702,049,976+12.1%
19792,088,553+1.9%
19892,174,459+4.1%
20022,179,551+0.2%
20102,033,072−6.7%
20211,862,767−8.4%
Source: Census data

Economy

Orenburg Oblast is one of the major agricultural areas of Russia. Its climate is favorable to farming with a humid spring, dry summer and many sunny days, which make perfect conditions for cultivating hard wheat and rye, sunflowers, potatoes, peas, beans, corn, and gourds.

The range of the oblast's export commodities includes oil and oil products, gas and gas produced products, rolled ferrous and non-ferrous metals, nickel, asbestos, chromium compounds, rough copper, electric engines, and radiators, which are used to make products from the machine-building industry.

See also

  • Russia portal

Notes

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orenburg Oblast.

References

  1. Russian: Оренбургская область, romanized: Orenburgskaya oblast', IPA: [ɐrʲɪnˈburkskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ] /wiki/Romanization_of_Russian ↩

  2. Russian: Чкаловская область, romanized: Chkalovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈtɕkaɫəfskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ] /wiki/Romanization_of_Russian ↩

  3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 ↩

  4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] ↩

  5. Google Earth /wiki/Google_Earth ↩

  6. "Russian Colonization and the Genesis of Kazak National Consciousness". S. Sabol (2003). Springer. p.27 ISBN 0230599427 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩

  7. "Central Asia, 130 Years of Russian Dominance: A Historical Overview". Edward A. Allworth, Edward Allworth (1994). Duke University Press. p. 10. ISBN 0822315211 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩

  8. Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi" (in Polish). Łódź: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. 2012. p. 43. ISBN 978-83-63695-00-2. 978-83-63695-00-2 ↩

  9. "Ukraine Strikes Russian Early-Warning System in Orenburg – Report". The Moscow Times. 27 May 2024. https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/05/27/ukraine-strikes-russian-early-warning-system-in-orenburg-report-a85228 ↩

  10. Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 ↩

  11. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] ↩

  12. Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человекВсероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] ↩

  13. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентровВсесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] ↩

  14. "Национальный состав населения". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 29 August 2023. https://56.rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/%D0%A1%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%20%E2%84%965._%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8.zip ↩

  15. "Естественное движение населения в разрезе субъектов российской федерации за декабрь 2024 года". Rosstat. 21 February 2025. Retrieved 25 February 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/EDN_12-2024.htm ↩

  16. "Рейтинг рождаемости в регионах: кто в лидерах, а кто в аутсайдерах | Москва". ФедералПресс (in Russian). 25 February 2025. Retrieved 26 February 2025. https://fedpress.ru/article/3365231 ↩

  17. "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved 1 June 2022. https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207 ↩

  18. "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012. http://sreda.org/en/arena ↩

  19. 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27 August 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2017. Archived. http://c2.kommersant.ru/ISSUES.PHOTO/OGONIOK/2012/034/ogcyhjk2.jpg ↩

  20. "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012. http://sreda.org/en/arena ↩

  21. "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012. http://sreda.org/en/arena ↩