Nectophrynoides is a genus of true toads, family Bufonidae. They are endemic to Eastern Arc forests and wetlands in Tanzania, and all except N. tornieri are threatened. Species of the genus are ovoviviparous: fertilization is internal, and the females give birth to fully developed, small toadlets. Together with the West Africa Nimbaphrynoides (which was included in Nectophrynoides in the past) and Limnonectes larvaepartus, they are the only frogs/toads in the world that do not lay eggs. The Ethiopian Altiphrynoides (includes Spinophrynoides), which lay eggs, were also part of Nectophrynoides in the past.
Species
The genus Nectophrynoides contains 13 accepted species.7
| Binomial name and authority | Common name |
|---|---|
| Nectophrynoides asperginis Poynton, Howell, Clarke & Lovett, 1999 | Kihansi spray toad |
| Nectophrynoides cryptus Perret, 1971 | secret tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides frontierei Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | frontier forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides laevis Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | smooth forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides laticeps Channing, Menegon, Salvidio & Akker, 2005 | |
| Nectophrynoides minutus Perret, 1972 | minute tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides paulae Menegon, Salvavidio, Ngalason & Loader, 2007 | |
| Nectophrynoides poyntoni Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | Poynton's forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides pseudotornieri Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | pseudo forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides tornieri (Roux, 1906) | Tornier's Tree Toad |
| Nectophrynoides vestergaardi Menegon, Salvidio & Loader, 2004 | Vestergaard's forest toad |
| Nectophrynoides viviparus (Tornier, 1905) | Morogoro tree toad |
| Nectophrynoides wendyae Clarke, 1988 | Uzungwe Scarp tree toad |
External links
- Data related to Nectophrynoides at Wikispecies
- Media related to Nectophrynoides at Wikimedia Commons
References
Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Nectophrynoides Noble, 1926". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 19 January 2018. http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Nectophrynoides ↩
Channing and Howell. (2006). Amphibians of East Africa. Pp. 104–117. ISBN 3-930612-53-4 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩
Channing and Howell. (2006). Amphibians of East Africa. Pp. 104–117. ISBN 3-930612-53-4 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩
Wells (2007). The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians. Pp. 486–487. ISBN 978-0-226-89334-1 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩
Iskandar, D. T.; Evans, B. J.; McGuire, J. A. (2014). "A novel reproductive mode in frogs: a new species of fanged frog with internal fertilization and birth of tadpoles". PLOS ONE. 9 (12): e115884. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k5884I. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115884. PMC 4281041. PMID 25551466. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4281041 ↩
Wells (2007). The Ecology and Behavior of Amphibians. Pp. 486–487. ISBN 978-0-226-89334-1 /wiki/ISBN_(identifier) ↩
Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Nectophrynoides Noble, 1926". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 19 January 2018. http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Nectophrynoides ↩