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Marissa Mayer
American business executive and engineer, former CEO of Yahoo!

Marissa Ann Mayer is an American business executive and investor who served as president and chief executive officer of Yahoo! from 2012 to 2017, when it was sold to Verizon. She was a long-time executive, usability leader and key spokesperson for Google (employee No. 20). Mayer later co-founded Sunshine, a startup technology company.

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Early life

Mayer was born in Wausau, Wisconsin, the daughter of Margaret Mayer, an art teacher of Finnish descent,6 and Michael Mayer, an environmental engineer who worked for water companies.789 Her grandfather, Clem Mayer, had polio when he was seven and served as mayor of Jackson, Wisconsin, for 32 years.101112 She has a younger brother.13 She would later describe herself as having been "painfully shy" as a child and teenager.14

She "never had fewer than one after-school activity per day," participating in ballet, ice-skating, piano, swimming, debates, and the Brownies.15 During middle school and high school, she took piano and ballet lessons, the latter of which taught her "criticism and discipline, poise, and confidence".16 At an early age, she showed an interest in mathematics and science.17

Education

Wausau West High School

When she was attending Wausau West High School, Mayer was on the curling team and the precision dance team.18 She excelled in chemistry, calculus, biology, and physics.19 She took part in extracurricular activities, becoming president of her high school's Spanish club, treasurer of the Key Club, captain of the debate team, and captain of the pom-pom squad.20

Her high school debate team won the Wisconsin state championship and the pom-pom squad was the state runner-up.21 During high school, she worked as a grocery clerk.22 After graduating from high school in 1993,23 Mayer was selected by Tommy Thompson, then the Governor of Wisconsin, as one of the state's two delegates to attend the National Youth Science Camp in West Virginia.24

Stanford University

Intending to become a pediatric neurosurgeon,25 Mayer took pre-med classes at Stanford University.26 She later switched her concentration to symbolic systems,27 a major which combined philosophy, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and computer science.28 At Stanford, she danced in the university ballet's Nutcracker, was a member of parliamentary debate, volunteered at children's hospitals, and helped bring computer science education to Bermuda's schools.29

During her junior year, she taught a class in symbolic systems, with Eric S. Roberts as her supervisor. The class was so well received by students that Roberts asked Mayer to teach another class over the summer.30 Mayer went on to graduate with honors from Stanford with a BS in symbolic systems in 1997,313233 and an MS in computer science in 1999.34 For both degrees, her specialization was in artificial intelligence. For her undergraduate thesis, she built travel-recommendation software that advised users in natural-sounding human language.35

Illinois Institute of Technology

In 2009, the Illinois Institute of Technology granted Mayer an honoris causa doctorate degree in recognition of her work in the field of search.3637

Mayer interned at SRI International in Menlo Park, California, and Ubilab, UBS's research lab based in Zurich, Switzerland.38 She holds several patents in artificial intelligence and interface design.3940

Career

Google (1999–2012)

After graduating from Stanford, Mayer received 14 job offers,41 including a teaching job at Carnegie Mellon University42 and a consulting job at McKinsey & Company.43 She joined Google in 1999 as employee number 20.4445 She started out writing code and overseeing small teams of engineers, developing and designing Google's search offerings.46 She became known for her attention to detail, which helped land her a promotion to product manager,4748 and later she became director of consumer web products.4950 She oversaw the layout of Google's well-known, unadorned search homepage.515253 She was also on the three-person team responsible for Google AdWords, which is an advertising platform that allows businesses to show their product to relevant potential customers based on their search terms. AdWords helped deliver 96% of the company's revenue in the first quarter of 2011.

In 2002, Mayer started the Associate Product Manager (APM) program, a Google mentorship initiative to recruit new talents and cultivate them for leadership roles. Each year, Mayer selected a number of junior employees for the two-year program, where they took on extracurricular assignments and intensive evening classes.5455 Notable graduates of the program include Bret Taylor and Justin Rosenstein.56 In 2005, Mayer became Vice President of Search Products and User Experience.57 Mayer held key roles in Google Search, Google Images, Google News, Google Maps, Google Books, Google Product Search, Google Toolbar, iGoogle, and Gmail.58

Mayer was the vice president of Google Search Products and User Experience until the end of 2010, when she was asked by then-CEO Eric Schmidt to head the Local, Maps, and Location Services.59 In 2011, she secured Google's acquisition of survey site Zagat for $125 million. While Mayer was working at Google, she taught introductory computer programming at Stanford and mentored students at the East Palo Alto Charter School.6061 She was awarded the Centennial Teaching Award and the Forsythe Award from Stanford.62

Yahoo! (2012–2017)

On July 16, 2012, Mayer was appointed president and CEO of Yahoo!, effective the following day. She was already a member of the company's board of directors.6364 At the time of her appointment, Yahoo's financials had been falling behind those of Google for over a year and the company had been undergoing several major managerial changes. To simplify the bureaucratic process, Mayer launched an online program called PB&J to collect employee complaints and votes on problems in the office; a problem that generated at least 50 votes would trigger an investigation by online management.65 Some of Mayer's management policies were criticized by The New York Times66 and The New Yorker.67

In February 2013, Mayer oversaw a major personnel policy change at Yahoo! that required all remote-working employees to convert to in-office roles.68 Having worked from home toward the end of her pregnancy, Mayer returned to work after giving birth to a boy, and built a mother's room next to her office suite—Mayer was consequently criticized for the ban on remote work.69 In April 2013, Mayer changed Yahoo!'s maternity leave policy, lengthening its time allowance and providing a cash bonus to parents.70 CNN noted this was in line with other Silicon Valley companies, such as Facebook and Google.7172

On May 20, 2013, Mayer led Yahoo! to acquire Tumblr in a $1.1 billion acquisition.7374 In July 2013, Yahoo! reported a fall in revenues, but a rise in profits compared with the same period in the previous year.75 In September 2013, it was reported that the stock price of Yahoo! had doubled over the 14 months since Mayer's appointment.76 However, much of this growth may be attributed to Yahoo!'s stake in the Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba Group, which was acquired before Mayer's tenure.77 By 2016, the value of Tumblr had fallen by $230 million.78

In November 2013, Mayer instituted a performance review system based on a bell curve ranking of employees, suggesting that managers rank their employees on a bell curve, with those at the low end being fired.7980 Employees complained that some managers were viewing the process as mandatory.81

In 2015, former Yahoo! editorial director Scott Ard filed a lawsuit alleging that the employee rating system implemented by Mayer enabled managerial biases in a way that unfairly negatively impacted male employees. He further claimed to have been fired and replaced by a female employee, despite having received fully satisfactory performance reviews throughout his tenure at Yahoo.8283 This case was dismissed in March 2018.84 In February 2016, former Yahoo! employee Gregory Anderson filed a lawsuit alleging that the company’s performance management system disguised layoffs as terminations for the purpose of evading state and federal WARN Acts.858687 Anderson's suit was dismissed in 2017.88

In December 2015, Yahoo stakeholders SpringOwl and Starboard Value released statements criticizing Mayer's performance as CEO and recommending that she be replaced as CEO.8990 By January 2016, it was further estimated that Yahoo!'s core business has been worth a negative value since December 2015.91 In February 2016, Mayer confirmed that Yahoo! was considering the possibility of selling its core business.92 In March 2017, it was reported that Mayer could receive a $23 million termination package upon the sale of Yahoo! to Verizon.93

In February 2016, Mayer confirmed that Yahoo! was considering the possibility of selling its core business.94 In 2017, the company's operating business was acquired by Verizon Communications for $4.48 billion.9596 It was reported that Mayer could receive a $23 million termination package upon the sale of Yahoo! Inc. to Verizon.97 Mayer announced her resignation on June 13, 2017.98 During her time at Yahoo!, she was paid a total of $239 million, mainly in stock and stock options.99

In June of 2017, she defended Former Uber CEO Travis Kalanick from allegations of sexual misconduct, stating he was "unaware of the toxic culture brewing at Uber because of the company’s rapid growth."100 On November 8, 2017, along with several other present and former corporate CEOs, Mayer testified before the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation regarding major security breaches at Yahoo during 2013 and 2014.101102

2018 – present: Sunshine, artificial intelligence

After leaving Yahoo! in 2017, Mayer started Lumi Labs with former colleague Enrique Munoz Torres. The company is based in Palo Alto and is focused on artificial intelligence and consumer media.103 On November 18, 2020, Mayer announced that Lumi Labs would be rebranded as Sunshine104 at the same time as she announced its first product: Sunshine Contacts.105 Sunshine Contacts claims to improve users' iPhone contacts and Google contacts106 using intelligent algorithms, contact data, public sources, and more.107 In November 2024, Sunshine launched the Shine app, an artificial intelligence photo sharing platform.108109

Boards

As well as sitting on the boards of directors of AT&T Inc.,110 Nextdoor,111 Walmart, Maisonette, and Jawbone, Mayer also previously served or sits on several non-profit boards, such as Cooper–Hewitt, National Design Museum, New York City Ballet, San Francisco Ballet, and San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.112113114115

Business investments

Mayer actively invests in technology companies, including crowd-sourced design retailer Minted,116117 live video platform Airtime.com,118 wireless power startup uBeam,119 online DIY community and e-commerce company Brit + Co.,120121 mobile payments processor Square,122 home décor site One Kings Lane,123124 genetic testing company Natera,125 and nootropics and biohacking company Nootrobox.126

Accolades

Mayer was named to Fortune magazine's annual list of America's 50 Most Powerful Women in Business in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 with ranks at 50, 44, 42, 38, 14, 8 and 16 respectively.127 In 2008, at age 33, she was the youngest woman ever listed.

Mayer was named one of Glamour Magazine's Women of the Year in 2009.128 She was listed in Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women in 2012, 2013 and 2014, with ranks of 20, 32 and 18 respectively.129130131

In September 2013, Mayer became the first CEO of a Fortune 500 company to be featured in a Vogue magazine spread.132

In 2013, she was also named in the Time 100, becoming the first woman listed as number one on Fortune magazine's annual list of the top 40 business stars under 40 years old.133 Mayer made Fortune magazine history in 2013, as the only person to feature in all three of its annual lists during the same year: Businessperson of the Year (No. 10), Most Powerful Women (at No. 8), and 40 Under 40 (No. 1) at the same time.134 In 2014, Mayer was ranked sixth on Fortune's 40 under 40 list,135 and was ranked the 16th most-powerful businesswoman in the world that year according to the same publication.136 In March 2016, Fortune then named Mayer as one of the world's most disappointing leaders.137

On December 24, 2015, Mayer was listed by UK-based company Richtopia at number 14 in the list of 500 Most Influential CEOs.138

Mayer appeared on the list of women CEOs of Fortune 500 companies in 2017, having ranked 498 of the top 500 Fortune 500 company CEOs.139

Personal life

Mayer briefly dated Larry Page in the early 2000s while he was the CEO of Google.140141 Mayer married lawyer and investor Zachary Bogue on December 12, 2009.142143

On the day Yahoo! announced her hiring, in July 2012, Mayer revealed that she was pregnant;144145146 she gave birth to a boy on September 30, 2012.147 Although she asked for baby name suggestions via social media,148 she eventually chose the name Macallister from an existing list.149 On December 10, 2015, Mayer announced that she had given birth to identical twin girls, Marielle and Sylvana.150

Mayer is Lutheran,151 but she has said—referencing Vince Lombardi's "Your God, your family and the Green Bay Packers"—that her priorities are "God, family and Yahoo!, except I'm not that religious, so it's really family and Yahoo!."152153

Mayer states she is not a feminist.154

As of May 2024, Mayer had an estimated net worth of $970 million.155

Political activity

During the 2021 California gubernatorial recall election, Mayer donated $200,000 against an effort to recall Governor Gavin Newsom. This was described by Politico as "deepening the governor’s substantial Silicon Valley support."156

Further reading

References

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  2. Mayer, M. (2008). "Innovation, design, and simplicity at google". ACM SIGCSE Bulletin. 40: 199. doi:10.1145/1352322.1352205. /wiki/SIGCSE ↩

  3. Holson, Laura (March 1, 2009). "Putting a Bolder Face on Google". The New York Times. p. BU-1. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/01/business/01marissa.html?th&emc=th ↩

  4. Stone, Brad (July 16, 2012). "Marissa Mayer Is Yahoo's New CEO". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012. Retrieved August 26, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120717071424/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-07-16/marissa-mayer-is-the-new-yahoo-ceo ↩

  5. Perez, Sarah (November 18, 2020). "Marissa Mayer's startup launches its first official product, Sunshine Contacts". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 15, 2023. https://techcrunch.com/2020/11/18/marissa-mayers-startup-launches-its-first-official-product-sunshine-contacts/ ↩

  6. Jännäri, Jenny (November 9, 2011). "Google-johtaja vieraili Suomessa sukujuurillaan". Kauppalehti. Archived from the original on October 22, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2012. English title: "Google vice president visits the land of her ancestors". https://web.archive.org/web/20131022110632/http://www.kauppalehti.fi/etusivu/google-johtaja+vieraili+suomessa+sukujuurillaan/201111102319 ↩

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