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Biography

Jain received his primary, middle and high school education in a government school in the rural village of Sambhar, Rajasthan,³ located at the eastern margin of Thar desert in India. He received bachelor's degree at Maharaja College, Jaipur,⁴ his master's degree in physics at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur⁵ and PhD at the Stony Brook University,⁶ where he worked with Profs. Philip B. Allen and Steven Kivelson. After post-doctoral positions at the University of Maryland and the Yale University he returned to the Stony Brook University as a faculty member in 1989. In 1998, he moved to the Pennsylvania State University.⁷

Jain is a quantum physicist in the field of condensed matter theory with interests in strongly interacting electronic systems in low dimensions. As the originator of the exotic particles called composite fermions, he pioneered and developed the composite fermion theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect and unified the fractional and the integral quantum Hall effects. His writings include a monograph Composite Fermions,⁸ published in 2007 by the Cambridge University Press. He co-edited with Bertrand Halperin a book Fractional Quantum Hall Effects: New Developments,⁹ published in 2020 by World Scientific.¹⁰

Because of injuries sustained in a childhood accident, Jain walks with the aid of a prosthesis.¹¹ After being awarded the Wolf Prize in Physics, he recounted his journey as: “Looking back, it is hard to believe how incredibly fortunate I have been. Growing up in a poor village in India, traumatized by an accident that left me on crutches with a lifelong disability, I did not think I would ever walk again or attend college, let alone pursue my dream of becoming a physicist.”¹² He credits Jaipur Foot with enabling him to continue education.¹³

Honors

• Fellow, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, 1991.¹⁴
• Fellow, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, 1997.¹⁵
• Fellow of the American Physical Society, 1997.¹⁶ Citation: "For the "Composite Fermion" theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect."
• Appointed Erwin W. Mueller Professor of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, 1998.¹⁷
• Oliver E. Buckley Prize awarded by the American Physical Society for a most important contribution to the advancement of knowledge in Condensed Matter Physics, 2002, along with Nicholas Read and Robert Willett.¹⁸ Citation: "For theoretical and experimental work establishing the composite fermion model for the half-filled Landau level and other quantized Hall systems"
• Elected member of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2008.¹⁹ Citation: "Evan Pugh University Professor and Erwin W. Mueller Professor of Physics. Predicted that electrons in the factional quantum Hall effect regime capture quantized vortices to form new particles, which he named composite fermions. Subsequently observed, composite fermions brought clarity to the subject and spawned new lines of theoretical inquiries and elegant new experiments."
• Distinguished Alumnus Award of IIT Kanpur, 2010.²⁰
• Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2011.²¹
• Appointed Evan Pugh University Professor, named after the first President of Pennsylvania State University, 2012.²²
• Elected to National Academy of Sciences, 2021.²³
• Appointed Holder of Eberly Family Chair, Pennsylvania State University, 2023.²⁴
• Elected Foreign Fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, 2025.²⁵ Citation: "Prof Jain predicted a new class of exotic particles, which he named “composite fermions,” and explained the fractional quantum Hall effect as the integer quantum Hall effect of composite fermions. In doing so, he accomplished a unification of the fractional and the integer quantum Hall effects, two Nobel prize winning phenomena. His discovery of composite fermions is recognized as a singular and transformative development in the realm of condensed matter physics."
• Wolf Prize in Physics, 2025 together with James P. Eisenstein and Mordehai Heiblum for "For advancing our understanding of the surprising properties of two-dimensional electron systems in strong magnetic fields".²⁶

References

1. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

2. Wolf Prize in Physics 2025 https://wolffund.org.il/jainendra-k-jain/ ↩

3. "Profile of Jainendra K. Jain". https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208671119 ↩

4. "Array of contemporary American Physicists". American Institute of Physics. Retrieved 20 October 2010.[permanent dead link] https://history.aip.org/acap/biographies/bio.jsp?jainj ↩

5. "Array of contemporary American Physicists". American Institute of Physics. Retrieved 20 October 2010.[permanent dead link] https://history.aip.org/acap/biographies/bio.jsp?jainj ↩

6. "Array of contemporary American Physicists". American Institute of Physics. Retrieved 20 October 2010.[permanent dead link] https://history.aip.org/acap/biographies/bio.jsp?jainj ↩

7. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

8. "Composite fermions". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 24 February 2018. http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/physics/condensed-matter-physics-nanoscience-and-mesoscopic-physics/composite-fermions?format=HB&isbn=9780521862325#0A8kV02h7QDWUTxF.97 ↩

9. "Fractional Quantum Hall Effects: New Developments". https://worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/11751 ↩

10. "Profile of Jainendra K. Jain". https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208671119 ↩

11. "Profile of Jainendra K. Jain". https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208671119 ↩

12. "Jainendra Jain named 2025 Wolf Prize laureate in physics". https://www.psu.edu/news/eberly-college-science/story/jainendra-jain-named-2025-wolf-prize-laureate-physics ↩

13. "Profile of Jainendra K. Jain". https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208671119 ↩

14. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

15. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

16. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

17. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

18. "Buckley Prize". www.aps.org. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/prizerecipient.cfm?last_nm=Jain&first_nm=Jainendra&year=2002 ↩

19. "AAAS Fellow". https://www.amacad.org/person/jainendra-kumar-jain ↩

20. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

21. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

22. "Evan Pugh University Professors". https://research.psu.edu/faculty-honors/evan-pugh-university-professors/ ↩

23. "2021 NAS Election". http://www.nasonline.org/news-and-multimedia/news/2021-nas-election.html ↩

24. "Jainendra K Jain — Penn State Department of Physics". www.phys.psu.edu. Retrieved 24 February 2018. https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/jainendra-k-jain ↩

25. "INSA Foreign Fellows elected". https://insaindia.res.in/recent-elected-fellows/ ↩

26. Wolf Prize in Physics 2025 https://wolffund.org.il/jainendra-k-jain/ ↩