Gukesh Dommaraju (born 29 May 2006) is an Indian chess grandmaster and the youngest undisputed World Chess Champion. A celebrated chess prodigy, he earned the grandmaster title at 12 and surpassed a FIDE rating of 2750 by age 17. Gukesh won gold at the World Youth Chess Championship and the Asian Youth Chess Championship, and bronze and gold medals at the 44th Chess Olympiad. In 2024, he became the youngest winner of the Candidates Tournament and defeated Ding Liren to claim the World Chess Championship, surpassing Viswanathan Anand's record as India's top player.
Dec 12 2024
Dec 12 2024
Mar 2 2023Early life
Birth and background
Gukesh was born on 29 May 2006 in Chennai into a Telugu family from Andhra Pradesh.567 His mother, Padmakumari, is a microbiologist, and his father, Rajinikanth, is an ENT surgeon who moved to Chennai to pursue his medical career.89 Gukesh studied at the Velammal Vidyalaya School in Mel Ayanambakkam, Chennai.10
Gukesh's family hails from the village of Chenchuraju Kandriga, near Satyavedu in the Tirupati district of Andhra Pradesh.111213 His grandfather Shankar Raju was born and raised in Chenchuraju Kandriga and worked in the Indian Railways. His son Rajinikanth, later settled in Chennai to pursue a medical career and married Padmakumari there.1415 The family owns properties in Chenchuraju Kandriga, where Shankar Raju currently lives.1617
Chess beginnings
Gukesh learned to play chess in 2013, at the age of seven, and eventually began structured one-hour sessions three times a week.18 He dropped out of school after Class IV (in elementary school) to focus on his chess career. In 2017, his father quit his job to travel with Gukesh to various tournaments; Gukesh was sponsored by his parents' friends at this time,19 support about which he has often spoken since.20 His extraordinary talent was recognized institutionally early on, and he became one of the many beneficiaries of the robust Indian chess ecosystem.21
Career
2015–2019: Beginnings
Gukesh won the under-9 section of the Asian School Chess Championships in 2015.22 He won the World Youth Chess Championship in 2018 in the under-12 category.23 In the 2018 Asian Youth Chess Championship, he won a record five gold medals in the under-12 events in individual rapid, blitz and classical formats, and the team rapid and blitz competitions.24 He completed the requirements for the title of International Master in March 2017 at the 34th Cappelle-la-Grande Open.25
On 15 January 2019, Gukesh became the then second-youngest grandmaster in the history of the game at the age of 12 years, 7 months, and 17 days, behind Sergey Karjakin.262728 In June 2021, he won the Julius Baer Challengers Chess Tour, Gelfand Challenge, scoring 14 out of 19 points.29
2022–2023: Olympiad gold and Candidates qualification
In August 2022, Gukesh won the individual gold medal on the first board in the open event at the 44th Chess Olympiad in Chennai with a score of 9 out of 11. He was part of the India-2 team which won the bronze medal in the same tournament.3031 In September 2022, he was part of the Indian team that won the silver medal at the 2022 Asian Games in the men's team competition.32 In the same month, Gukesh reached a FIDE rating of over 2700 for the first time with a rating of 2726, and became the third-youngest to do so after Wei Yi and Alireza Firouzja.3334 During the Aimchess Rapid tournament in October 2022, Gukesh became the youngest to beat Magnus Carlsen, the reigning World Chess Champion at that time.3536
In August 2023, Gukesh became the youngest player ever to reach a rating of 2750, breaking Carlsen's record.37 In the Chess World Cup 2023 at Baku, he advanced to the quarterfinals, where he lost to Carlsen.38 In the September 2023 rating list, Gukesh surpassed Viswanathan Anand as the top-ranked Indian player, marking the first time in 37 years that Anand was not the top-ranked Indian player.3940
In December 2023, Gukesh qualified for the 2024 Candidates Tournament, to be conducted to identify the challenger to Ding Liren for the World Chess Championship.41 He finished second in the FIDE Circuit behind Fabiano Caruana, and took the qualifying spot reserved for the winner, as Caruana had already qualified through the Chess World Cup.42 He was the third-youngest player to qualify for a Candidates tournament, behind Bobby Fischer and Carlsen.4344
2024: Olympiad double gold and World Championship
In January, Gukesh finished in a four-way tie for the first place in the Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2024 with a score of 8½ in 13 rounds. He defeated Anish Giri in the semifinals before losing to Wei Yi in the finals of the tiebreaker.45
In April, Gukesh was part of the eight-player Candidates Tournament held in Toronto. He won five games against R Praggnanandhaa and Vidit Gujrathi playing as Black, Firouzja playing as White, and Nijat Abasov playing as both Black and White. With a single loss coming against Firouzja, he finished with nine points from 14 rounds to win the tournament.4647 He was the youngest-ever winner of the Candidates tournament.484950
In September, Gukesh took part in the Chess Olympiad in Budapest as part of the Indian team. He did not lose a single match and won the individual gold medal with a score of nine across ten rounds. His performance on board one helped India to win their first-ever team gold medal at the Olympiad.51 As a result of the win, Gukesh entered the top-five in the FIDE rankings for the first time on 1 October 2024.5253
The 2024 World Chess Championship was held in November–December 2024 between Gukesh and Ding Liren. Gukesh scored three wins against two wins for Ding, and nine draws in the 14 classical rounds of the tournament. He won the 14th and final match on 12 December 2024, and as a result, the World Chess Championship by a scoreline of 7½–6½.5455 The win made him the youngest undisputed World Chess Champion, breaking the record previously held by Garry Kasparov.5657 FIDE commented on Gukesh's gameplay as having "near-perfect accuracy", and Ding reacted that it was his best tournament of the year, and that he had no regrets in losing the title to Gukesh.58
2025
In January, Gukesh tied for first with R Praggnanandhaa in the Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025 with a score of 8½ in 13 rounds. He lost 2–1 in the blitz tiebreaker.596061
Gukesh participated in the Freestyle Chess Grand Slam Tour, a series of Chess960 tournaments. In February, he finished in eighth place in the first leg in Weissenhaus.62 In April, he finished eleventh in the second leg in Paris.63
In May, Gukesh participated in the second leg of the Grand Chess Tour 2025 in Romania, where he finished sixth.64 On his 19th birthday, Gukesh scored a notable victory over World No. 2 Hikaru Nakamura during the third round of the 2025 Norway Chess tournament. After suffering defeats in the opening two rounds against World No. 1 Magnus Carlsen and compatriot Arjun Erigaisi, Gukesh bounced back by defeating Nakamura in 42 moves. The game marked his first win of the tournament and was particularly significant as he managed to put Nakamura, known for his rapid and blitz prowess, under considerable time pressure. Speaking after the game, Gukesh credited improved time management for the win and described the result as a fresh start to the event.65
On 1st of June, Magnus Carlsen and Gukesh faced off at Norway Chess 2025 resulting in another significant moment when Gukesh defeated Carlsen in the 6th round.66
Playing style
Gukesh plays a reactive game and is notable for his ability to calculate under time pressure, which often leads to complex tactical battles in his games.67 His mentor Anand describes him as having "incredible calculating abilities".68 Carlsen regards Gukesh's style of play as "pure counter" and opined that Gukesh makes very few mistakes, which makes him "an extremely dangerous opponent under any circumstances".69 Raymond Keene writes that Gukesh's forte is his ability to keep the game alive, avoiding inferior positions while simultaneously avoiding liquidation to draws.70 His style has also borne comparison with former world champion Anatoly Karpov's incremental, anaconda-like gains (so subtle that his opponent has no counter).71
Performance record
| Legend |
|---|
| Classical international and national individual and team tournaments |
| Tournaments organized by FIDE (Olympiads, World Championships, World Cups, Grand Swiss and Candidates Tournaments) |
| Non-classical tournaments (Chess960, rapid and blitz) |
| Online competitions (Chess.com, Champions Chess Tour and FIDE online tournaments) |
| Year | City | Tournament | Time Control | Wins | Losses | Draws | Points | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Kanpur | 58th Indian Chess Championship | Classical | 6 | 0 | 5 | 8½/11 | 2 |
| Dhaka | Bangladesh Premier League, Bangladesh Police Board 4 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 9/11 | First (Team) 3rd (Board 4) | ||
| Delhi | 19th Delhi Open | 8 | 1 | 1 | 8½/10 | 2 | ||
| Online | MPL Indian Chess Tour 1st Leg | Rapid | 7 | 4 | 4 | 25/45 | 3 | |
| Reykjavík | Reykjavik Open | Classical | 4 | 1 | 4 | 6/9 | 17 | |
| La Roda | 48th La Roda Open | 7 | 0 | 2 | 8/9 | First | ||
| Menorca | 1st Menorca Open | 5 | 0 | 2 | 6/7 | First | ||
| Formentera | 1st Sunway Formentera Open | 6 | 0 | 4 | 8/10 | First | ||
| Sharjah | 5th Sharjah Masters | 4 | 1 | 4 | 6/9 | 6 | ||
| Online | MPL Indian Chess Tour 2nd Leg | Rapid | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2/12 | Withdrew | |
| Gijón | 14th Gijon City Closed | Classical | 7 | 0 | 2 | 8/9 | First | |
| Biel/Bienne | 55th Biel Chess Festival | Classical Rapid Blitz Combined | 3 2 5 10 | 2 2 4 8 | 2 3 5 10 | 15 7/14 7½/14 29½ | 3 4–5 5 3 | |
| Chennai | 44th Chess Olympiad, Open Event, India 2 Board 1 | Classical | 8 | 1 | 2 | 9/11 | 3rd (Team) First (Board 1) | |
| Ankara | Turkish Super League, Turkish Airlines Sports Club Board 1 | Classical | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6½/10 | 2nd (Team) | |
| Linares | Spanish League Honour Division, C.A. Solvay Board 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 5/7 | First (Team) | ||
| Toledo | Spanish Rapid Team Championship, SOLVAY A Board 5 | Rapid | 8 | 1 | 0 | 8/9 | 2nd (Team) | |
| Mayrhofen | 37th European Chess Club Cup, Open section, CSU ASE Superbet Board 4 | Classical | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4½/7 | 6th (Team) 6th (Board 1) | |
| Online | Aimchess Rapid Prelim | Rapid | 8 | 4 | 3 | 27/45 | 2–4 | |
| Aimchess Rapid KO Quarterfinal against Richárd Rapport | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1½:2½ | Loss | |||
| Kolkata | Tata Steel India Chess Tournament | Rapid Blitz | 3 6 | 3 11 | 3 1 | 4½/9 6½/18 | 5th 10th | |
| Online | Speed Chess Championship, Round of 16 against Magnus Carlsen | Blitz | 7 | 23 | 0 | 7:23 | Loss | |
| Baku | 8th Vugar Gashimov Memorial | Rapid Blitz Combined | 2 7 9 | 4 9 13 | 3 2 5 | 7/18 8/18 15/36 | 7–8 7 8th | |
| 2023 | Wijk aan Zee | 85th Tata Steel Masters | Classical | 2 | 4 | 7 | 5½/13 | 12 |
| Online | Airthings Masters Play-In | Rapid | 6 | 0 | 3 | 7½/9 | First | |
| Airthings Masters Match Play against Vladimir Kramnik | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2:0 | Win | |||
| Airthings Masters Division I | 5–6 | |||||||
| Düsseldorf | WR Masters | Classical Rapid TB | 2 1 | 0 2 | 7 0 | 5½/9 1/3 | 2–3 | |
| Online | Pro Chess League | Rapid | 4 | 2 | 2 | 5/8 | ||
| Chessable Masters Play-In | Rapid | 5 | 3 | 1 | 5½/9 | 24 | ||
| Chessable Masters Match Play against Vladimir Kramnik | 0 | 1 | 1 | ½:1½ | Loss | |||
| Chessable Masters Division III | 25–32 | |||||||
| Berlin | Armageddon Asia and Oceania | Blitz | First | |||||
| Menorca | Menorca Open | Classical Blitz TB | 5 1 | 0 0 | 4 1 | 7/9 1½-½ | First | |
| Malmö | TePe Sigeman & Co tournament | Classical | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4/7 | 2–4 | |
| Sharjah | 6th Sharjah Masters | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6/9 | 3rd | ||
| Stavanger | 11th Norway Chess | Blitz | 2 | 6 | 1 | 2½/9 | 10 | |
| Classical Armageddon | 2 5 | 1 1 | 6 — | 14½/27 | 3rd | |||
| Online | Junior Speed Chess Championship, Quarterfinal against Emin Ohanyan | Blitz | 24 | 5 | 2 | 25:6 | Win | |
| Junior Speed Chess Championship, Semi-final against Pranav V | 15 | 9 | 3 | 16½:10½ | Win | |||
| Junior Speed Chess Championship, Final against Raunak Sadhwani | 16 | 9 | 3 | 17½:10½ | Win | |||
| Dubai | Global Chess League, SG Alpine Warriors, Board 2 | Rapid | 1 | 7 | 2 | 2/10 | 4th (Team) | |
| Zagreb | SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz Croatia | Rapid Blitz Combined | 3 9 12 | 2 8 10 | 4 1 5 | 10/18 9½/18 19½/36 | 4 6 5th | |
| Ankara | Turkish Super League, Turkish Airlines Sports Club Board 1 | Classical | 5 | 0 | 5 | 7½/10 | First (Team) | |
| Baku | Chess World Cup | Classical Rapid | 4 1 | 1 0 | 5 1 | 5–8 | ||
| Düsseldorf | World Rapid Team Championship, Kompetenzakademie Allstars Board 3 | Rapid | 8 | 1 | 3 | 9½/12 | 11th (Team) 4th (Board 1) | |
| Kolkata | Tata Steel India Chess Tournament | Rapid Blitz | 2 7 | 2 10 | 5 1 | 4½/9 7½/18 | 6th 8th | |
| Online | Speed Chess Championship, Round of 16 against Maxime Vachier-Lagrave | Blitz | 7 | 20 | 3 | 8½:21½ | Loss | |
| Berlin | Armageddon Grand Finale | Blitz | 5–6 | |||||
| Hangzhou | Asian Games, Men's Team Standard, India Board 1 | Classical | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5/8 | 2nd (Team) | |
| Doha | Qatar Masters Open | 6 | 2 | 1 | 6½/9 | 8th | ||
| Douglas | Grand Swiss Tournament | Classical | 2 | 3 | 6 | 5/11 | 81 | |
| London | 13th London Chess Classic | Classical | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5/9 | 3rd | |
| Chennai | Chennai Grand Masters | 2 | 0 | 5 | 4½/7 | First | ||
| Samarkand | World Rapid Championship | Rapid | 6 | 2 | 5 | 8½/13 | 25 | |
| World Blitz Championship | Blitz | 12 | 8 | 1 | 12½/21 | 38 | ||
| 2024 | Wijk aan Zee | 86th Tata Steel Masters | Classical | 6 | 2 | 5 | 8½/13 | 2 |
| Various | Bundesliga West, Düsseldorfer SK Board 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3/3 | First (Team) | ||
| Wangels | Freestyle Chess G.O.A.T. Challenge | Rapid | 3 | 4 | 0 | 3/7 | 6th | |
| Classical Rapid TB | 1 1 | 3 0 | 2 1 | 2-4 1½-½ | 6th | |||
| Prague | 6th Prague Masters | Classical | 2 | 2 | 5 | 4½/9 | 5–7 | |
| Toronto | Candidates Tournament | Classical | 5 | 1 | 8 | 9/14 | First | |
| Warsaw | Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland | Rapid Blitz Combined | 2 4 6 | 4 11 15 | 3 3 6 | 7/18 5½/18 12½/36 | 8–10 10 10 | |
| Bucharest | Superbet Romania Chess Classic | Classical | 1 | 0 | 8 | 5/9 | 2–4 | |
| Zagreb | SuperUnited Rapid & Blitz Croatia | Rapid Blitz Combined | 3 3 6 | 3 11 14 | 3 4 7 | 9/18 5/18 14/36 | 7 10 7 | |
| St. Louis | 11th Sinquefield Cup | Classical | 0 | 0 | 9 | 4½/9 | 5–7 | |
| Budapest | 45th Chess Olympiad, Open Event, India Board 1 | Classical | 8 | 0 | 2 | 9/10 | First (Team) First (Board 1) | |
| Vrnjačka Banja | 39th European Chess Club Cup, Open section, SuperChess Board 1 | Classical | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4/7 | 7th (Team) 9th (Board 1) | |
| Singapore | World Chess Championship match against Ding Liren | Classical | 3 | 2 | 9 | 7½/14 | Win | |
| 2025 | Wijk aan Zee | 87th Tata Steel Masters | Classical | 5 | 0 | 5 | 8½/13 | 2 |
| Wangels | Weissenhaus Freestyle Chess Grand Slam | Rapid | 0 | 2 | 7 | 3½/9 | 7–8 | |
| Classical Rapid TB | 0 0 | 3 1 | 3 1 | 1½-4½ ½-1½ | 8th |
| Rating | Match games | Points | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |||
| Gukesh Dommaraju (IND) | 2783 | 0 | ½ | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | 0 | ½ | 1 | 7½ |
| Ding Liren (CHN) | 2728 | 1 | ½ | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 0 | 1 | ½ | 0 | 6½ |
Awards and nominations
| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Asian Chess Federation | Player of the Year | Won | 72 |
| 2024 | Times of India Sports Awards | Chess Player of the Year | Nominated | 73 |
| 2025 | Khel Ratna Award | Spectacular Performance in Sports | Won | 74 |
| Times of India Sports Awards | Sportsman of the Year | Won | 75 | |
| Chess Player of the Year Male | Won | 76 |
See also
Notes
- Biography portal
- Chess portal
- India portal
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to D. Gukesh.- Gukesh Dommaraju rating card at FIDE
- Gukesh Dommaraju player profile at Chess.com
- Gukesh Dommaraju player profile and games at Chessgames.com
- Gukesh Dommaraju member profile at Lichess
- Gukesh D chess games at 365Chess.com
- D Gukesh ID card at the All India Chess Federation
References
Ruslan Ponomariov was 91 days younger when he became the world champion in 2002, but the title was split at the time. /wiki/Ruslan_Ponomariov ↩
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"Dommaraju Gukesh : కొడుకు కోసం డాక్టర్ వృత్తినే వదులుకున్నాడు..కట్ చేస్తే 18 ఏళ్లకే ప్రపంచాన్ని జయించాడు". News18 (in Telugu). 13 December 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024. https://telugu.news18.com/news/sports/dommaraju-gukesh-india-s-youngest-chess-grandmaster-creates-history-as-world-champion-sjn-2663898.html ↩
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The record has since been beaten by Abhimanyu Mishra, making Gukesh the third-youngest.[21] /wiki/Abhimanyu_Mishra ↩
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