Hampson–Linde cycle

The Hampson–Linde cycle is a process for the <a href="/facts/Liquefaction_of_gases/sHp15Rbe">liquefaction of gases</a>, especially for <a href="/facts/Air_separation/WWTx03pP">air separation</a>. <a href="/facts/William_Hampson/bx2l8SVJ">William Hampson</a> and <a href="/facts/Carl_von_Linde/MAvgBfTM">Carl von Linde</a> independently filed for patents of the cycle in 1895: Hampson on 23 May 1895 and Linde on 5 June 1895.
The Hampson–Linde cycle introduced <a href="/facts/Regenerative_cooling/D7kBAH9R">regenerative cooling</a>, a positive-feedback cooling system. The <a href="/facts/Heat_exchanger/CUzlMnBG">heat exchanger</a> arrangement permits an absolute temperature difference (e.g. 0.27 °C/atm J–T cooling for air) to go beyond a single stage of cooling and can reach the low temperatures required to liquefy "fixed" gases.
The Hampson–Linde cycle differs from the <a href="/facts/Siemens_cycle/f3rgjphk">Siemens cycle</a> only in the expansion step. Whereas the Siemens cycle has the gas do external <a href="/facts/Work_(physics)/mbclFPBs">work</a> to reduce its temperature, the Hampson–Linde cycle relies solely on the <a href="/facts/Joule%E2%80%93Thomson_effect/9MLL4NeG">Joule–Thomson effect</a>; this has the advantage that the cold side of the cooling apparatus needs no moving parts.

Hampson–Linde cycle open-in-new

Hampson–Linde cycle