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COSMAC ELF
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<p>The COSMAC Elf was an <a href="/facts/RCA_1802/rRd9FKuS">RCA 1802</a> microprocessor-based computer described in a series of construction articles in <i><a href="/facts/Popular_Electronics/Yp1H8SE7">Popular Electronics</a></i> <a href="/facts/Magazine/4CPK1emz">magazine</a> in 1976 and 1977. Through the back pages of electronics magazines, both Netronics and Quest Electronics offered low-priced, enhanced kits that were based on this design. The system was a very early single-board <a href="/facts/Personal_computer/koaYfNce">personal computer</a>. It was operated without built-in <a href="/facts/Read-only_memory/P9QMuDLH">ROMs</a> and programs were entered directly with help of the <a href="/facts/CPU/Jxp1bqMV">CPU</a> integrated <a href="/facts/Direct_memory_access/DWuVgclV">DMA</a> using 8 <a href="/facts/Toggle_switch/vqbNDgYm">toggle switches</a> and an Input push button. An updated version was later sold in kit form, the <a href="/facts/COSMAC_VIP/grlhd9ot">COSMAC VIP</a>. </p>