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Interacting boson model
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<p>The interacting boson model (IBM) is a <a href="/facts/Nuclear_model/orpIm5Xl">model in</a> <a href="/facts/Nuclear_physics/fzQbt1aF">nuclear physics</a> in which nucleons (<a href="/facts/Proton/clCjepXP">protons</a> or <a href="/facts/Neutron/oRCM1geb">neutrons</a>) pair up, essentially acting as a single <a href="/facts/Subatomic_particle/tMEzcTWQ">particle</a> with <a href="/facts/Boson/XtPFcjb5">boson</a> properties, with integral <a href="/facts/Spin_(physics)/4Jvp7e8P">spin</a> of either 2 (d-boson) or 0 (s-boson). They correspond to a quintuplet and singlet, i.e. 6 states. </p><p>It is sometimes known as the Interacting boson approximation (IBA).: 7 </p><p>The IBM1/IBM-I model treats both types of <a href="/facts/Nucleon/6fguU9Xk">nucleons</a> the same and considers only pairs of nucleons coupled to total angular momentum 0 and 2, called respectively, s and d <a href="/facts/Boson/XtPFcjb5">bosons</a>. </p><p>The IBM2/IBM-II model treats <a href="/facts/Proton/clCjepXP">protons</a> and <a href="/facts/Neutron/oRCM1geb">neutrons</a> separately. </p><p>Both models are restricted to nuclei with even numbers of protons and neutrons.: 9 </p> <p>The model can be used to predict vibrational and rotational modes of non-spherical nuclei. </p>