Amine

In <a href="/facts/Chemistry/SrNqkGVm">chemistry</a>, amines are <a href="/facts/Organic_compound/gqCNaN45">organic compounds</a> that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds. Amines are formed when one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. The nitrogen atom in an amine possesses a lone pair of electrons. Amines can also exist as hetero cyclic compounds. Aniline (
 
 
 
 
 
 C
 
 6
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H
 
 5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 NH
 
 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle {\ce {C6H5NH2}}}
 
) is the simplest aromatic amine, consisting of a benzene ring bonded to an amino (–
 
 
 
 
 
 NH
 
 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle {\ce {NH2}}}
 
) group.

Amines are classified into three types: primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) amines. Primary amines (1°) contain one alkyl or aryl substituent and have the general formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 RNH
 
 2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle {\ce {RNH2}}}
 
. Secondary amines (2°) have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, with the general formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 R
 
 2
 
 
 
 
 
 NH
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle {\ce {R2NH}}}
 
. Tertiary amines (3°) contain three substituent groups bonded to the nitrogen atom, and are represented by the formula 
 
 
 
 
 
 R
 
 3
 
 
 
 
 
 N
 
 
 
 {\displaystyle {\ce {R3N}}}
 
.
The <a href="/facts/Functional_group/GXkSPsjM">functional group</a> −NH2 present in primary amines is called the amino group.

Amine open-in-new

Amine