Menu
Home
People
Places
Arts
History
Plants & Animals
Science
Life & Culture
Technology
Reference.org
Jyā, koti-jyā and utkrama-jyā
open-in-new
<p> Jyā, koṭi-jyā and utkrama-jyā are three <a href="/facts/Trigonometric_functions/czej7ur0">trigonometric functions</a> introduced by <a href="/facts/Indian_mathematics/l9f6ke00">Indian mathematicians</a> and astronomers. The earliest known Indian treatise containing references to these functions is <a href="/facts/Surya_Siddhanta/QVys8ARk">Surya Siddhanta</a>. These are functions of arcs of circles and not functions of angles. Jyā and koti-jyā are closely related to the modern <a href="/facts/Trigonometric_functions/czej7ur0">trigonometric functions</a> of <a href="/facts/Sine/gQ6LXK8z">sine</a> and <a href="/facts/Cosine/czej7ur0">cosine</a>. In fact, the origins of the modern terms of "sine" and "cosine" have been traced back to the <a href="/facts/Sanskrit/ychfjhlx">Sanskrit</a> words jyā and koti-jyā. </p>