Thermodynamic temperature

Thermodynamic temperature, also known as absolute temperature, is a <a href="/facts/Physical_quantity/S8pWBEpK">physical quantity</a> which measures <a href="/facts/Temperature/QyGe4gmj">temperature</a> starting from <a href="/facts/Absolute_zero/U3UyPl2K">absolute zero</a>, the point at which particles have minimal thermal motion.
Thermodynamic temperature is typically expressed using the <a href="/facts/Kelvin_scale/E3trzC4C">Kelvin scale</a>, where the unit of measurement is the kelvin (unit symbol: K). The Kelvin scale uses the same degree interval as the <a href="/facts/Celsius_scale/okAEu1CA">Celsius scale</a> but is offset so that 0 K corresponds to absolute zero. For comparison, a temperature of 295 K corresponds to 21.85 °C and 71.33 °F. Another absolute scale of temperature is the <a href="/facts/Rankine_scale/ya5sNd2C">Rankine scale</a>, which is based on the <a href="/facts/Fahrenheit/2TVmyJod">Fahrenheit</a> degree interval.
Historically, thermodynamic temperature was defined by <a href="/facts/Lord_Kelvin/LTIxG1jV">Lord Kelvin</a> in terms of a macroscopic relation between <a href="/facts/Work_(thermodynamics)/SjChajtw">thermodynamic work</a> and <a href="/facts/Heat/e9QqQ0B2">heat transfer</a> as defined in <a href="/facts/Thermodynamics/q4hIx3yP">thermodynamics</a>, but the kelvin was redefined by international agreement in 2019 in terms of phenomena that are now understood as manifestations of the kinetic energy of free motion of microscopic particles such as atoms, molecules, and electrons.

Thermodynamic temperature open-in-new

Thermodynamic temperature