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Fibre-optic gyroscope
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<p>A fibre-optic gyroscope (FOG) senses changes in orientation using the <a href="/facts/Sagnac_effect/hJyJy1vz">Sagnac effect</a>, thus performing the function of a mechanical <a href="/facts/Gyroscope/UjXGsfMq">gyroscope</a>. However its principle of operation is instead based on the <a href="/facts/Interference_(wave_propagation)/lI5f78I4">interference</a> of light which has passed through a coil of <a href="/facts/Optical_fiber/5ruuIFbj">optical fibre</a>, which can be as long as 5 kilometres (3 mi). </p>