Permeability (electromagnetism)

In <a href="/facts/Electromagnetism/oAkmALHT">electromagnetism</a>, permeability is the measure of <a href="/facts/Magnetization/zxrtXzTN">magnetization</a> produced in a material in response to an applied <a href="/facts/Magnetic_field/Ta8Ev588">magnetic field</a>. Permeability is typically represented by the (italicized) Greek letter <a href="/facts/Mu_(letter)/j1MMkE2w">μ</a>. It is the ratio of the <a href="/facts/Magnetic_field/Ta8Ev588">magnetic induction</a> 
 
 
 
 B
 
 
 {\displaystyle B}
 
 to the magnetizing field 
 
 
 
 H
 
 
 {\displaystyle H}
 
 in a material. The term was coined by <a href="/facts/William_Thomson,_1st_Baron_Kelvin/LTIxG1jV">William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin</a> in 1872, and used alongside <a href="/facts/Permittivity/Sd3WtgT1">permittivity</a> by <a href="/facts/Oliver_Heaviside/ktYBpAt7">Oliver Heaviside</a> in 1885. The reciprocal of permeability is <a href="/facts/Magnetic_reluctivity/Q3UeLudY">magnetic reluctivity</a>.
In <a href="/facts/SI/NShmfzlD">SI</a> units, permeability is measured in <a href="/facts/Henry_(unit)/uwVv9zue">henries</a> per <a href="/facts/Metre/hPhzc1CV">meter</a> (H/m), or equivalently in <a href="/facts/Newton_(unit)/Ral9XgNl">newtons</a> per <a href="/facts/Ampere/MScqkCgz">ampere</a> squared (N/A2). The permeability constant μ0, also known as the <a href="/facts/Magnetic_constant/nKxRk6J1">magnetic constant</a> or the permeability of free space, is the proportionality between magnetic induction and magnetizing force when forming a magnetic field in a classical <a href="/facts/Vacuum/BTk3goyV">vacuum</a>.
A closely related property of materials is <a href="/facts/Magnetic_susceptibility/hWMbGTjP">magnetic susceptibility</a>, which is a <a href="/facts/Dimensionless_quantity/TINrpQIq">dimensionless</a> proportionality factor that indicates the degree of magnetization of a material in response to an applied magnetic field.

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Permeability (electromagnetism)