Georgius Agricola

Georgius Agricola was a <a href="/facts/German_people/F7mBCrJ4">German</a> <a href="/facts/Renaissance_humanism/wUYJgfR5">Humanist</a> scholar, <a href="/facts/Mineralogy/MeIK9lx9">mineralogist</a> and <a href="/facts/Metallurgy/1SANyxX4">metallurgist</a>. Born in the small town of <a href="/facts/Glauchau/aF8peTBJ">Glauchau</a>, in the <a href="/facts/Electorate_of_Saxony/QEt6bMrs">Electorate of Saxony</a> of the <a href="/facts/Holy_Roman_Empire/6mdobnXN">Holy Roman Empire</a>, he was broadly educated, but took a particular interest in the <a href="/facts/Mining/g6uDIFab">mining</a> and <a href="/facts/Refining_(metallurgy)/QCXENs8m">refining</a> of <a href="/facts/Metal/PT8hNX6R">metals</a>. He was the first to drop the Arabic definite article al-, exclusively writing chymia and chymista in describing activity that we today would characterize as chemical or alchemical, giving <a href="/facts/Chemistry/SrNqkGVm">chemistry</a> its modern name. For his groundbreaking work <a href="/facts/De_Natura_Fossilium/dMFveQGf">De Natura Fossilium</a> published in 1546, he is generally referred to as the father of mineralogy and the founder of <a href="/facts/Geology/WGvVRIYF">geology</a> as a scientific discipline.
He is well known for his pioneering work <a href="/facts/De_Re_Metallica/qA5RYnXM">De re metallica libri XII</a>, that was published in 1556, one year after his death. This 12-volume work is a comprehensive and systematic study, classification and methodical guide on all available factual and practical aspects, that are of concern for <a href="/facts/Mining/g6uDIFab">mining</a>, the mining sciences and <a href="/facts/Metallurgy/1SANyxX4">metallurgy</a>, investigated and researched in its natural environment by means of direct observation. Unrivalled in its complexity and accuracy, it served as the standard reference work for two centuries. Agricola stated in the preface, that he will exclude "all those things which I have not myself seen, or have not read or heard of". He continued, "That which I have neither seen, nor carefully considered after reading or hearing of, I have not written about."
As a scholar of the <a href="/facts/Renaissance/4D9Bc6KU">Renaissance</a> he was committed to a universal approach towards learning and research. He published over 40 complete scholarly works during his professional life on a wide range of subjects and disciplines, such as <a href="/facts/Pedagogy/t1LIfLeC">pedagogy</a>, medicine, <a href="/facts/Metrology/HC0MmLdb">metrology</a>, <a href="/facts/Mercantilism/96U7yI74">mercantilism</a>, <a href="/facts/Pharmacy/P2KTFVdW">pharmacy</a>, philosophy, geology, history, and many more. His innovative and comprehensive scholarly work, based on new and precise methods of production and control, has made his work a central part of scholarship and understanding of science during that period.

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Georgius Agricola