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Bobbin driver
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<p>Throughout history, <a href="/facts/Lockstitch/IzaRtnln">lockstitch</a> <a href="/facts/Sewing_machine/dGsA53Tv">sewing machines</a> have used a variety of methods to drive their <a href="/facts/Bobbin/qQXA5WYc">bobbins</a> so as to create the lockstitch. </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Names</th><th>Invented</th><th>Description</th><th>Picture</th><th>Notes</th></tr><tr><td>Transverse shuttle<p>Longitudinal shuttle</p></td><td>1846 by <a href="/facts/Elias_Howe/0fYySqUr">Elias Howe</a></td><td>Transverse shuttles carry the bobbin in a boat-shaped shuttle, and reciprocate the shuttle along a straight horizontal shaft. The design was popularized in <a href="/facts/Singer_Manufacturing_Company/lFrnG7qa">Singer</a>'s '<a href="/facts/Singer_New_Family/093GQBbX">New Family</a>' machine. The design became obsolete once the other bobbin driver designs were developed.</td><td></td><td>Sometimes incorrectly called an "oscillating shuttle". Somewhat confusingly, the term "Transverse Shuttle" is usually used only to refer to a side-to-side motion of the bobbin. When moved in a front-to-back motion, as in the Howe machines, and the earliest Singers, the term "Reciprocating Shuttle" is used instead.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Vibrating_shuttle/yq9xh6m1">Vibrating shuttle</a></td><td>1850 by <a href="/facts/Allen_B._Wilson/qPPTQc5W">Allen B. Wilson</a></td><td>Vibrating shuttle machines reciprocate their shuttle through a short arc. The earliest vibrating shuttles used boat-shaped shuttles, but bullet-shaped shuttles soon replaced them. The design was popularized in the <a href="/facts/White_Sewing_Machine_Company/BzkQg5P0">White Sewing Machine Company</a>'s '<a href="/facts/White_Sewing_Machine/I4XKI0C6">White Sewing Machine</a>' and <a href="/facts/Singer_Manufacturing_Company/lFrnG7qa">Singer</a>'s <a href="/facts/Singer_Model_27_and_127/cydrhIQo">27-series machines</a>. Now obsolete.</td><td></td><td><p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Vibrating_shuttle/yq9xh6m1">Vibrating shuttle</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Rotary_hook/epM4Px3j">Rotary hook</a><p>Rotating hookRotary loop takerRevolving hook</p></td><td>1851 by <a href="/facts/Allen_B._Wilson/qPPTQc5W">Allen B. Wilson</a></td><td>Rotary hook machines hold their bobbin stationary, and continuously rotate the thread hook around it. The design was popularized in the <a href="/facts/White_Sewing_Machine_Company/BzkQg5P0">White Sewing Machine Company</a>'s '<a href="/facts/White_Family_Rotary/TyNHnHuX">Family Rotary</a>' sewing machine and <a href="/facts/Singer_Manufacturing_Company/lFrnG7qa">Singer</a>'s models 95 and 115.</td><td></td><td><p class="note">Main article: <a href="/facts/Rotary_hook/epM4Px3j">Rotary hook</a></p></td></tr><tr><td>Oscillating shuttle</td><td>1877 by Lebbeus B. Miller and <a href="/facts/Philip_Diehl_(inventor)/md73AGKI">Philip Diehl</a></td><td>Oscillating shuttle machines mount their bobbin on the hook, and reciprocate the hook through a short arc. The design was popularized in <a href="/facts/Singer_Manufacturing_Company/lFrnG7qa">Singer</a>'s models 15 '<a href="/facts/Singer_Improved_Family/ojsGGg4h">Improved Family</a>' and 31.</td><td></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>Oscillating hook</td><td>?</td><td>Oscillating hook machines hold their bobbin stationary, and reciprocate the hook through a short arc. The bobbin lies horizontally, right under the needle plate. The design was popularized in <a href="/facts/Singer_Manufacturing_Company/lFrnG7qa">Singer</a>'s model 66.</td><td></td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table>