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Clascal
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<p>Clascal is an <a href="/facts/Object-oriented_programming/TxNMEcao">object-oriented programming</a> language (and associated discontinued <a href="/facts/Compiler/WNfCDFJe">compiler</a>) developed in 1983 by the <i>Personal Office Systems</i> (POS) division (later renamed <i>The Lisa Division</i>, then later <i>The 32-Bit Systems Division</i>) of <a href="/facts/Apple_Inc./oTJYta3k">Apple Computer</a>. Clascal was used to program applications for the <i>Lisa Office System</i>, the operating environment of the <a href="/facts/Apple_Lisa/PJpJhNRK">Lisa</a>. </p><p>Developed as an extension of <a href="/facts/Apple_Lisa/PJpJhNRK">Lisa</a> <a href="/facts/Pascal_(programming_language)/b3yvp8bF">Pascal</a>, which in turn harked back to the <a href="/facts/UCSD_Pascal/xxmwFYV5">UCSD Pascal</a> model originally implemented on the <a href="/facts/Apple_II/se82CNvK">Apple II</a>, the language was strongly influenced by the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (<a href="/facts/PARC_(company)/fh2Su0k9">PARC</a>) release of <a href="/facts/Smalltalk/Ru2UPVDE">Smalltalk</a>-80, v1 (which had been formerly ported to the Lisa), and by <a href="/facts/Modula/pxLbgVF5">Modula</a>. According to <a href="/facts/Larry_Tesler/0N6fCKhH">Larry Tesler</a>, Clascal was developed as a replacement for Apple's version of <a href="/facts/Smalltalk/Ru2UPVDE">Smalltalk</a>, which was "too slow" and because the experience offered by the Smalltalk syntax was too unfamiliar for most people. </p><p>Clascal was the basis for <a href="/facts/Object_Pascal/cuGkuISv">Object Pascal</a> on the Apple <a href="/facts/Macintosh/8GhnXTK0">Macintosh</a> in 1985. With the demise of the Lisa in 1986, Pascal and Object Pascal continued to be used in the <a href="/facts/Macintosh_Programmer%2527s_Workshop/W36b0FMc">Macintosh Programmer's Workshop</a> for systems and application development for several more years, until it was finally supplanted by the languages <a href="/facts/C_(programming_language)/Ky2No763">C</a> and <a href="/facts/C%252B%252B/Et0F2qn9">C++</a>. The <a href="/facts/MacApp/pIg6HLPI">MacApp</a> application framework was based on <i>Toolkit</i> originally written in Clascal. </p><p>Object Pascal, in turn, served as the basis for <a href="/facts/Borland/crI5pTzW">Borland</a>'s <a href="/facts/Delphi_(software)/sUFUXQ8r">Delphi</a>. </p> <ul><li>Keohan, Susan (July 1984). <a href="https://bitsavers.org/pdf/apple/lisa/toolkit_3.0/Package_2_Examples/02_An_Introduction_To_Clascal_Jul84.pdf"><i>An Introduction to Clascal</i></a> (PDF). Lisa Division, Apple Computer.</li></ul>