In the late 1990s, the Decision Support Group at the University of Fribourg developed a model for decision support software. This described the interface between data and models on one hand, and graphical interfaces for exploring them and making decisions on the other, as a knowledge engine.12 They also developed a mathematical modeling language, LPL, in concert with that work.3
With the rise of the semantic web, natural language processing, and topical knowledge bases, a number of other analytical tools have been categorized as knowledge engines, including in genomics (KnowEnG),4 modeling human action (PaStaNet),5 and speeding up general-purpose question answering.6
General-purpose search and discovery tools such as Wolfram Alpha have also described themselves as knowledge engines.7
"Dicodess - A Software Framework for Developing Distributed Cooperative DSS". dicodess.sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2020-07-14. http://dicodess.sourceforge.net/ ↩
"Building Model-Driven Decision Support Systems With Dicodess". vdf.ch. p. 110. Retrieved 2020-07-14. https://vdf.ch/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=1407 ↩
"A Mathematical Modeling Language". lpl.unifr.ch. Retrieved 2020-07-14. http://lpl.unifr.ch/lpl/main.html ↩
Sinha, Saurabh; Song, Jun; Weinshilboum, Richard; Jongeneel, Victor; Han, Jiawei (2015-11-01). "KnowEnG: a knowledge engine for genomics". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 22 (6): 1115–1119. doi:10.1093/jamia/ocv090. ISSN 1527-974X. PMC 5009907. PMID 26205246. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5009907 ↩
Li, Yong-Lu; Xu, Liang; Liu, Xinpeng; Huang, Xijie; Xu, Yue; Wang, Shiyi; Fang, Hao-Shu; Ma, Ze; Chen, Mingyang; Lu, Cewu (2020-04-21). "PaStaNet: Toward Human Activity Knowledge Engine". arXiv:2004.00945 [cs.CV]. /wiki/ArXiv_(identifier) ↩
Mabbu, Venkatesh; Asaduzzaman, Abu; Mridha, Muhammad F. (2016-05-01). "A novel semantic knowledge engine using automated knowledge extraction from World Wide Web". 2016 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV). pp. 316–321. doi:10.1109/ICIEV.2016.7760018. ISBN 978-1-5090-1269-5. S2CID 46446043. 978-1-5090-1269-5 ↩
"Forget Search Engines: Web 3.0 Is a Knowledge Engine". Big Think. 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2020-07-14. https://bigthink.com/ideafeed/forget-search-engines-web-30-is-a-knowledge-engine ↩