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Linux Journal
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p><i>Linux Journal</i> was the first magazine to be published about the <a href="/facts/Linux_kernel/dlkduHuA">Linux kernel</a> and <a href="/facts/Linux/9FvCKSTq">operating systems based on it</a>. It was established in 1994.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a> The first issue was published in March 1994 by Phil Hughes and <a href="/facts/Bob_Young_(businessman)/RAmGc51V">Bob Young</a>, who co-founded <a href="/facts/Red_Hat/5rhmBLBa">Red Hat</a>, and it featured an interview with Linux creator <a href="/facts/Linus_Torvalds/EdDKP534">Linus Torvalds</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a> </p><p>The publication's last print edition was August 2011, issue 208.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a> Beginning with the September 2011 issue, issue 209, the magazine transitioned to publishing monthly in digital-only formats including various desktop, mobile, and e-pub platforms.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a> </p><p>In early July 2014 it was revealed that the NSA's <a href="/facts/XKeyscore/yme7F3Xx">XKeyscore</a> program targeted readers of <i>Linux Journal</i><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a> as part of targeting people interested in the Linux distribution <a href="/facts/Tails_(operating_system)/bef2bJpk">Tails</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a> </p><p>On December 1, 2017 <i>Linux Journal</i> announced that it would cease publication due to running out of funds, having fallen into debt and being unable to pay employees for months.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a> However, on January 1, 2018, it announced that it was rescued by <a href="/facts/Private_Internet_Access/WpdDgL0W">Private Internet Access</a>/<a href="/facts/London_Trust_Media/WpdDgL0W">London Trust Media</a>—which shares similar values—and that the magazine plans to grow:<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a> According to editor-in-chief <a href="/facts/Doc_Searls/y2x64KWA">Doc Searls</a>: "<i>Linux Journal</i> should be to Linux what <i>National Geographic</i> is to geography and <i>The New Yorker</i> is to New York—meaning about much more than the title alone suggests."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a> </p><p>On August 7, 2019, the <i>Journal</i> announced that it would be shutting down and letting all staff go.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> </p><p>On September 22, 2020, <i>Linux Journal</i> resumed activity under the new management of Slashdot Media.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:16" href="#fn:16"><sup>16</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><i><a href="/facts/Linux_Magazine/AXjr61g0">Linux Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Linux_Format/m39SAY5r">Linux Format</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Linux_Voice/X2UlAGPC">Linux Voice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/facts/Linux_Gazette/fKhUnSyv">Linux Gazette</a></i></li></ul> <h2 id="external-links">External links</h2> <ul><li><a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/">Official website</a> </li> <li><a href="https://archive.org/details/linuxjournalmagazine?sort=-date">Linux Journal issues</a> on <a href="/facts/Internet_Archive/PHStU8Lo">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>Searls, Doc (April 1, 2019). "Linux Journal at 25". Linux Journal. Retrieved January 14, 2020. <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-25" target="_blank">https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-25</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Hlubik Schell, Bernadette (2007). The Internet and Society: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. p. 257. ISBN 978-1-59884-031-5. Retrieved October 26, 2016. <a href="978-1-59884-031-5" target="_blank">978-1-59884-031-5</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Young, Robert (March 1, 1994). "Interview with Linus, the Author of Linux". Linux Journal. Archived from the original on February 26, 2002. Retrieved September 6, 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020226222251/http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2736" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20020226222251/http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2736</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Rankin, Kyle (August 7, 2019). "Linux Journal Ceases Publication: An Awkward Goodbye". Linux Journal. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190812013229/https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication-awkward-goodbye" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20190812013229/https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication-awkward-goodbye</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>"Linux Journal is Back". Linux Journal. September 22, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020. <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-back" target="_blank">https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-back</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Hlubik Schell, Bernadette (2007). The Internet and Society: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO. p. 257. ISBN 978-1-59884-031-5. Retrieved October 26, 2016. <a href="978-1-59884-031-5" target="_blank">978-1-59884-031-5</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Young, Robert (March 1, 1994). "Interview with Linus, the Author of Linux". Linux Journal. Archived from the original on February 26, 2002. Retrieved September 6, 2010. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020226222251/http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2736" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20020226222251/http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2736</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>Searls, Doc (August 19, 2011). "Linux Journal Goes 100% Digital". Linux Journal. Retrieved August 19, 2011. <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-goes-100-digital" target="_blank">https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-goes-100-digital</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Kinsman, Matt (August 23, 2011). "How Readers Respond When a Magazine Goes Digital-Only". Folio. Retrieved September 7, 2011. <a href="http://www.foliomag.com/2011/how-readers-respond-when-magazine-goes-digital-only" target="_blank">http://www.foliomag.com/2011/how-readers-respond-when-magazine-goes-digital-only</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Rankin, Kyle (July 3, 2014). "NSA: Linux Journal is an "extremist forum" and its readers get flagged for extra surveillance". Linux Journal. Retrieved July 7, 2014. <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/nsa-linux-journal-extremist-forum-and-its-readers-get-flagged-extra-surveillance" target="_blank">https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/nsa-linux-journal-extremist-forum-and-its-readers-get-flagged-extra-surveillance</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>Gallagher, Sean (July 3, 2014). "The NSA thinks Linux Journal is an "extremist forum"?". Ars Technica. Retrieved June 9, 2016. <a href="https://arstechnica.com/security/2014/07/the-nsa-thinks-linux-journal-is-an-extremist-forum/" target="_blank">https://arstechnica.com/security/2014/07/the-nsa-thinks-linux-journal-is-an-extremist-forum/</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Fairchild, Carlie (December 1, 2017). "Linux Journal Ceases Publication". Linux Journal. Retrieved December 3, 2017. <a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication" target="_blank">http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Fairchild, Carlie (January 1, 2018). "Happy New Year- Welcome to Linux Journal 2.0!". Linux Journal. Retrieved January 2, 2018. <a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/happy-new-year-linux-journal-alive" target="_blank">http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/happy-new-year-linux-journal-alive</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Searls, Doc (February 4, 2018). "Worth Saving". Linux Journal. Retrieved February 13, 2018. <a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/worth-saving" target="_blank">http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/worth-saving</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>Rankin, Kyle (August 7, 2019). "Linux Journal Ceases Publication: An Awkward Goodbye". Linux Journal. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190812013229/https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication-awkward-goodbye" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20190812013229/https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-ceases-publication-awkward-goodbye</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:16"><p>"Linux Journal is Back". Linux Journal. September 22, 2020. Retrieved September 23, 2020. <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-back" target="_blank">https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/linux-journal-back</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>