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Broadcast reference monitor
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<h2 id="broadcast-reference-monitor">Broadcast reference monitor</h2> <p>Broadcast reference monitors must be used for video <a href="/facts/Regulatory_compliance/1pIoTaB7">compliance</a> at television or <a href="/facts/Television_studio/xgP1r4nX">television studio</a> facilities, because they do not perform any video enhancements and try to produce as accurate an image as possible.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1"><sup>1</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a> For quality control purposes, it is necessary for a broadcast reference monitor to produce (reasonably) consistent images from facility to facility, to reveal any flaws in the material, and also not to introduce any image artifacts (such as <a href="/facts/Aliasing/Pzg84HL0">aliasing</a>) that is not in the source material. Broadcast monitors will try to avoid <a href="/facts/Video_post-processing/cDPyuE2W">post processing</a> such as a <a href="/facts/Video_scaler/I0StIzsm">video scaler</a>, <a href="/facts/Line_doubling/Jz4zH81t">line doubling</a> and any image enhancements such as <a href="/facts/Dynamic_contrast/PQG4mJrS">dynamic contrast</a>. However, display technologies with fixed pixel structures (e.g. LCD, plasma) must perform <a href="/facts/Image_scaling/qNoeujzm">image scaling</a> when displaying SD signals as the signal contains non-square pixels while the display has square pixels.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> LCDs and plasmas are also inherently progressive displays and may need to perform <a href="/facts/Deinterlacing/zIvhUYdG">deinterlacing</a> on <a href="/facts/Interlaced_video/YBk246TF">interlaced video</a> signals. </p><p>Some professional video broadcast monitors display information on screen such as the current video signal format they might be receiving i.e.: <a href="/facts/Standard-definition/dvqEXg2A">standard-definition</a> formats like <a href="/facts/576i/KXywE4Ps">576i</a>, <a href="/facts/480i/NTPQFv9B">480i</a> or <a href="/facts/High-definition_video/3CoUBum1">high definition</a> formats like <a href="/facts/720p/kHKsELNr">720p</a> or <a href="/facts/1080p/Hs7cm6Mv">1080p</a>. They also have <a href="/facts/Push-button/ezRenR1v">mechanical buttons</a> to toggle common aspect ratios like (<a href="/facts/4%3a3/6CXcyd2v">4:3</a> or <a href="/facts/16%3a9/rS5YUsQd">16:9</a>), and <a href="/facts/Underscan/8rvVKJ1j">underscanning</a> or <a href="/facts/Overscan/8rvVKJ1j">overscanning</a> a picture to see lines in the <a href="/facts/Vertical_blanking_interval/2lhsCf2S">vertical blanking interval</a> (VBI) of video, and check if <a href="/facts/Subtitles/9srhQPhl">subtitles</a> in VBI were inserted properly or not. Modern broadcast grade professional monitors also have <a href="/facts/Safe_area_(television)/c4P8PNJq">safe area</a> grid generators, to help position <a href="/facts/Television/X4YG5nT1">television</a> <a href="/facts/Graphic/1V76IF8J">graphics</a> such as <a href="/facts/Lower_thirds/1fAWpBYd">lower thirds</a> within their respective areas i.e. graphics safe, <a href="/facts/Title_safe/c4P8PNJq">title safe</a> or <a href="/facts/Action_safe/c4P8PNJq">action safe</a>. </p><p>Common monitoring formats for broadcasters </p> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Component_video/UEXxJ2gy">Component video</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Composite_video/FIsE6mBz">Composite video</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Serial_digital_interface/T9VlXM56">Serial digital interface</a> (SDI, as SD-SDI or HD-SDI)</li></ul> <h3>Features</h3> <p>Professional video monitors have various features that consumer monitors lack such as: </p> <ul><li>Conforms to <a href="/facts/Colorimetry/CuchJjFL">colorimetry</a> standards such as the <a href="/facts/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers/lwCdWynu">SMPTE</a> C, <a href="/facts/Rec._709/cnjNE9Vw">Rec. 709</a>, or EBU primaries.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Serial_digital_interface/T9VlXM56">SDI</a> inputs / outputs.</li> <li><a href="/facts/AES%2fEBU/Il4EdVYj">AES/EBU</a> Audio decoding.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Genlock/8BkfWe67">Genlock</a> input.</li> <li><a href="/facts/General_Purpose_Input%2fOutput/rIGeu7TW">GPI</a> interface – for receiving external triggers.</li> <li>Modular expansion card slots that support <a href="/facts/SMPTE_259M/JWHJAGsd">SD-SDI</a> or <a href="/facts/SMPTE_292M/XSRIwchL">HD-SDI</a> single link or <a href="/facts/SMPTE_372M/Kk47Ttqq">dual-link HD-SDI</a> cards.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Safe_area_(television)/c4P8PNJq">Safe area</a> cage.</li> <li><a href="/facts/Rack_mount/yFvLAnBg">Rack mountable</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Composite_monitor/9PwE9knh">Composite monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Computer_monitor/NRaTDFHc">Computer monitor</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>EBU - User requirements for Video Monitors in Television Production <a href="https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3320" target="_blank">https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3320</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>Broadcast Engineering - Broadcast monitors Archived 2008-05-19 at the Wayback Machine <a href="http://broadcastengineering.com/test_measurement/broadcast_monitors_video_801/" target="_blank">http://broadcastengineering.com/test_measurement/broadcast_monitors_video_801/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>IEEE Xplore 2.0 - Psycho-physical method of television picture quality evaluation (EBU-II) <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp;jsessionid=EAD598E461A235FBFC87EC4594C56062" target="_blank">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp;jsessionid=EAD598E461A235FBFC87EC4594C56062</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Chan, Glenn (2008). "Scaling artifacts and resolution". Broadcast Reference Monitors. Retrieved 2008-10-01. [dead link] <a href="http://broadcast-monitors.glennchan.info/scaling-artifacts/scaling-artifacts.htm" target="_blank">http://broadcast-monitors.glennchan.info/scaling-artifacts/scaling-artifacts.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>