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Pentyl group
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<h2 id="older-pentyl-groups">Older "pentyl" groups</h2> <p>The following names are still used sometimes: </p> <table><tbody><tr><th>Name</th><th>Structure</th><th>IUPAC status</th><th>IUPAC recomm.</th><th>Examples</th></tr><tr><td><i>n</i>-pentyl, amyl</td><td>H3C−(CH2)4−</td><td></td><td>pentyl</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2"><sup>2</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><i>tert</i>-pentyl</td><td>H3C−CH2−(H3C−)2C−</td><td>No longer recommended<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a></td><td>2-methylbutan-2-yl (aka 1,1-dimethylpropyl)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>neopentyl</td><td>(H3C−)3C−CH2−</td><td>No longer recommended<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td>2,2-dimethylpropyl<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:8" href="#fn:8"><sup>8</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>isopentyl, amyl, isoamyl</td><td>(H3C−)2CH−(CH2)2−</td><td>No longer recommended<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:9" href="#fn:9"><sup>9</sup></a></td><td>3-methylbutyl<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:10" href="#fn:10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:11" href="#fn:11"><sup>11</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><i>sec</i>-pentyl</td><td>H3C−(CH2)2−(H3C−)CH−</td><td></td><td>pentan-2-yl<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:12" href="#fn:12"><sup>12</sup></a>(or (1-methylbutyl))</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:13" href="#fn:13"><sup>13</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td>3-pentyl</td><td>(H3C−CH2−)2CH−</td><td></td><td>pentan-3-yl (also known as 1-ethylpropyl)</td><td><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:14" href="#fn:14"><sup>14</sup></a></td></tr><tr><td><i>sec</i>-isopentyl</td><td>(H3C−)2CH−(H3C−)CH−</td><td></td><td>3-methylbutan-2-yl (or 1,2-dimethylpropyl)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>active pentyl</td><td>H3C−CH2−(H3C−)CH−CH2−</td><td></td><td>2-methylbutyl</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="pentyl-radical">Pentyl radical</h2> <p>The free radical pentyl was studied by J. Pacansky and A. Gutierrez in 1983.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:15" href="#fn:15"><sup>15</sup></a> The radical was obtained by exposing bishexanoyl peroxide trapped in frozen <a href="/facts/Argon/QX6NRH6d">argon</a> to <a href="/facts/Ultraviolet_light/kncBUqn5">ultraviolet light</a>, that caused its decomposition into two <a href="/facts/Carbon_dioxide/xGzpppEp">carbon dioxide</a> (CO2) molecules and two pentyl radicals. </p> <h2 id="examples">Examples</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Pentanol/0kFT94lx">Pentanol</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Pentyl_pentanoate/ayUjvXgE">Pentyl pentanoate</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Amylamine/EtFfCeyH">Amylamine</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Amyl_acetate/kCG57FMa">Amyl acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Amyl_alcohol/0kFT94lx">Amyl alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Amylmetacresol/Hv1h4mwb">Amylmetacresol</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Isoamyl_acetate/neclfzGc">Isoamyl acetate</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Isoamyl_alcohol/dqKX0Hn0">Isoamyl alcohol</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>J. Pacansky , A. Gutierrez (1983), "Infrared spectra of the n-butyl and n-pentyl radicals". Journal of Physical Chemistry volume 87, issue 16, pages 3074–3079doi:10.1021/j100239a023 <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>n-pentyl nitrite, described as "a nitrite ester having n-pentyl as the alkyl group." Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=55344" target="_blank">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=55344</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:5"><p>NCBI, tert-pentyl alcohol in PubChem. Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6405" target="_blank">https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6405</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:6"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:7"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:8"><p>neopentyl at CHEBI. Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;C0C7CAEA43537B527A5F0550819A1D33?chebiId=CHEBI:30357" target="_blank">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;C0C7CAEA43537B527A5F0550819A1D33?chebiId=CHEBI:30357</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:9"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:10"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 607. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:11"><p>isopentyl group at CHEBI. Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;4E388CA79B0FD418DBE11B5D9E965518?chebiId=CHEBI:30359" target="_blank">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;4E388CA79B0FD418DBE11B5D9E965518?chebiId=CHEBI:30359</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:12"><p>Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 362. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. <a href="978-0-85404-182-4" target="_blank">978-0-85404-182-4</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:13"><p>Pentobarbital at CHEBI, described as "Barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups". Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=7983" target="_blank">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=7983</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:14"><p>Pentan-3-yl group at CHEBI. Accessed on 2013-02-21 <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;09B55F14C1B445CFA9112CA4FD34E04F?chebiId=CHEBI:32881" target="_blank">http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do;09B55F14C1B445CFA9112CA4FD34E04F?chebiId=CHEBI:32881</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:15"><p>J. Pacansky , A. Gutierrez (1983), "Infrared spectra of the n-butyl and n-pentyl radicals". Journal of Physical Chemistry volume 87, issue 16, pages 3074–3079doi:10.1021/j100239a023 <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" target="_blank">/wiki/Doi_(identifier)</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>