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Multimedia Web Ontology Language
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<h2 id="history">History</h2> <p>W3C forum has undertaken the initiative of standardizing the ontology representation for web-based applications. The <a href="/facts/Web_Ontology_Language/jkr0IGn8">Web Ontology Language</a> (OWL), standardized in 2004 after maturing through <a href="/facts/XML/clNgUfWk">XML</a>(S), <a href="/facts/RDF_Schema/GCVY1XYY">RDF</a>(S) and <a href="/facts/DAML%252BOIL/jkr0IGn8">DAML+OIL</a> is a result of that effort. Ontology in OWL (and some of its predecessor languages) has been successfully used in establishing semantics of text in specific application contexts. </p><p>The concepts and properties in these traditional ontology languages are expressed as text, making an ontology readily usable for <a href="/facts/Semantic_analysis_(computational)/s3RsmLMv">semantic analysis</a> of textual documents. Semantic processing of media data calls for perceptual modeling of domain concepts with their media properties. M-OWL has been proposed as an ontology language that enables such perceptual modeling. While M-OWL is a syntactic extension of OWL, it uses a completely different semantics based on probabilistic causal model of the world. </p> <h2 id="key-features">Key features</h2> <p>Syntactically, MOWL is an extension of OWL. These extensions enable </p> <ul><li>Definition of media properties following <a href="/facts/MPEG-7/LzPlxytB">MPEG-7</a> media description model.</li> <li>Probabilistic association of media properties with the domain concepts.</li> <li>Formal semantics to the media properties to enable reasoning.</li> <li>Formal semantics for spatio-temporal relations across media objects and events.</li></ul> <p>MOWL is accompanied with reasoning tools that support </p> <ul><li>Construction of model of observation for a concept in multimedia documents with expected media properties.</li> <li>Probabilistic (Bayesian) reasoning for concept recognition with the model of observation.</li></ul> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Large_Scale_Concept_Ontology_for_Multimedia/6oNcJvWX">Large Scale Concept Ontology for Multimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Ontology_for_Media_Resources/HKV4SDNF">Ontology for Media Resources</a></li></ul> <h2 id="bibliography">Bibliography</h2> <ul><li>H Ghosh, S Chaudhury and A Mallik. <a href="http://www.comp.hkbu.edu.hk/~cib/2013/Dec/article3/iib_vol14no1_article3.pdf">Ontology for multimedia applications</a>. IEEE Intelligent Informatics Bulletin. 14(1). December 2013.</li> <li>A Mallik, H Ghosh, G Harit and S Chaudhury. <a href="http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2559928.2542210&coll=DL&dl=GUIDE&CFID=324379634&CFTOKEN=68596156">MOWL: An Ontology Representation Language for Web based Multimedia Applications</a>. ACM Transactions of Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications (TOMCCAP). 10(1). December 2013.</li> <li>S Ajmani, H Ghosh, A Mallik and S Chaudhury. <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6690686&queryText%3DAn+ontology+based+personalized+garment+recommendation+system">An ontology based personalized garment recommendation system</a>. Workshop on Personalization, Recommender Systems and Social Media. Web Intelligence. USA, Nov 17–20, 2013.</li> <li>A Mallik, S Chaudhury and H Ghosh. <a href="http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2069280">Nrityakosha: Preserving the Intangible Heritage of Indian Classical Dance</a>. In <i>ACM Journal of Computing and Cultural Heritage</i>. 4(3), December 2011.</li> <li>A Malik, S Chaudhury, H Ghosh, <a href="http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1877922.1877932&coll=DL&dl=GUIDE&CFID=87655189&CFTOKEN=96323162">Preservation of Intangible Heritage: A case-study of Indian Classical Dance</a>. In <i>eHeritage 2010: 2nd ACM Workshop on eHeritage and Digital Art Preservation</i> [ACM Multimedia Conference], October 2010.</li> <li>S Chaudhury and H Ghosh. Ontology based access to heritage artefacts on the web. In <i>Multimedia Information Extraction and Digital Heritage Preservation.</i> Ed. B.B. Chaudhuri and U. Munshi. World Scientific Pub Co. Inc., Mar. 2011</li> <li>H. Ghosh, G. Harit and S. Chaudhury. Using ontology for building distributed digital libraries with multimedia contents. <i>World Digital Library,</i> 1(2), Dec 2008, pp. 83–100.</li> <li>S. Wattamwar and H. Ghosh. <a href="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1460676.1460686&coll=ACM&dl=ACM&CFID=90432420&CFTOKEN=38407543">Spatio-Temporal Query for Multimedia Database</a>. <i>Workshop on Multimedia Semantics. ACM Multimedia Conference 2008</i>, Vancouver (Canada), October 2008</li> <li>H. Ghosh, P. Poornachandra, A. Mallik and S. Chaudhury. <a href="http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1290067.1290075&coll=ACM&dl=ACM&CFID=90432420&CFTOKEN=38407543">Learning Ontology for Personalized Video Retrieval</a>. <i>International Workshop on Many Faces of Multimedia Semantics (WMS07), ACM Multimedia Conference</i>, Augsberg (Germany) September 2007.</li> <li>H.Ghosh, S. Chaudhury, K. Kashyap and B. Maiti. <a href="https://www.academia.edu/770762/Ontology_specification_and_integration_for_multimedia_applications">Ontology Specification and Integration for Multimedia Applications</a>. In Ontologies in the Context of Information Systems, Ed. R. Sharman, R. Kishore and R. Ramesh. Springer, 2007, pp. 265–296</li> <li>H.Ghosh, G. Harit and S. Chaudhury. Ontology based interaction with multimedia collections. <a href="http://www.teriin.org/event"><i>International Conference on Digital Libraries</i>, New Delhi, 2006</a>[<i>permanent dead link</i>].</li> <li>G. Harit, S. Chaudhury and H. Ghosh. Using Multimedia Ontology for generating conceptual annotations and hyperlinks in video collections. <a href="http://www.comp.hkbu.edu.hk/iwi06/wi/"><i>International conference on Web Intelligence</i>, Hong Kong, 2006</a>.</li> <li>T. Karthik, S. Chaudhury and H. Ghosh. Specifying Spatio-Temporal Relations in Multimedia Ontologies. <a href="http://www.isical.ac.in/~premi05/"><i>International Conference of Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence</i>, Kolkata 2005</a>.</li> <li>H. Ghosh and S. Chaudhury. Distributed and Reactive Query Planning in R-MAGIC: An Agent-based Multimedia Retrieval System. <i>IEEE Trans KDE, 16(9)</i>, Sep 2004.</li> <li>H. Ghosh, N. Rajarathnam and S. Chaudhury. Knowledge Representation for Web-based Services in a Multi-cultural Environment. <i>IEEE International Workshop on Website Evolution (WSE-2001)</i>, Florence, Nov 2001.</li></ul>