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Heliocentric orbit
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<h2 id="trans-mars-injection">Trans-Mars injection</h2> <p>A <i>trans-Mars injection (TMI)</i> is a heliocentric orbit in which a <a href="/facts/Orbital_maneuver/HAlEFRSJ">propulsive maneuver</a> is used to set a <a href="/facts/Spacecraft/YQqQaUw0">spacecraft</a> on a <a href="/facts/Trajectory/STNN33FK">trajectory</a>, also known as Mars transfer orbit, which will place it as far as <a href="/facts/Mars/AQGtVvz0">Mars</a> orbit. </p><p>Every two years, <a href="/facts/Low-energy_transfer/UTQPfCFN">low-energy transfer</a> windows open up, which allow movement between the two planets with the lowest possible <a href="/facts/Delta-v/eM4TaG9d">energy</a> requirements. Transfer injections can place spacecraft into either a <a href="/facts/Hohmann_transfer_orbit/qjhbKTLX">Hohmann transfer orbit</a> or <a href="/facts/Bi-elliptic_transfer/6dugHlAf">bi-elliptic transfer</a> orbit. Trans-Mars injections can be either a single maneuver burn, such as that used by the <a href="/facts/NASA/TIMCV0yV">NASA</a> <a href="/facts/MAVEN/7z3aCEA2">MAVEN</a> orbiter in 2013, or a series of perigee kicks, such as that used by the <a href="/facts/ISRO/CdAoFQTL">ISRO</a> <a href="/facts/Mars_Orbiter_Mission/7BslPK15">Mars Orbiter Mission</a> in 2013.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3"><sup>3</sup></a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4"><sup>4</sup></a> </p> <h2 id="see-also">See also</h2> <ul><li><a href="/facts/Astrodynamics/oB3tqNG9">Astrodynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Earth%2527s_orbit/BGGCdFag">Earth's orbit</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Geocentric_orbit/geC4BF1x">Geocentric orbit</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Heliocentrism/4hoCMs7P">Heliocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_artificial_objects_in_heliocentric_orbit/NseNwccb">List of artificial objects in heliocentric orbit</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/List_of_orbits/l5bSKRcJ">List of orbits</a></li> <li><a href="/facts/Low-energy_transfer/UTQPfCFN">Low-energy transfer</a></li></ul> <h2 id="references">References</h2> <ol> <li id="fn:1"><p>"helio-". Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House. 2006. Retrieved 2009-02-12. <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/helio-" target="_blank">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/helio-</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:2"><p>"NASA – NSSDCA – Spacecraft – Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-04. <a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-012A" target="_blank">https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-012A</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:3"><p>ISRO successfully sends Mars orbiter into sun-centric orbit. <a href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/isro-successfully-sends-mars-orbiter-into-suncentric-orbit/article5409061.ece?homepage=true" target="_blank">http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/isro-successfully-sends-mars-orbiter-into-suncentric-orbit/article5409061.ece?homepage=true</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> <li id="fn:4"><p>Orbiter successfully placed in Mars Transfer Trajectory. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140126020854/http://www.sify.com/news/orbiter-successfully-placed-in-mars-transfer-trajectory-news-science-nmbdgtggghh.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20140126020854/http://www.sify.com/news/orbiter-successfully-placed-in-mars-transfer-trajectory-news-science-nmbdgtggghh.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li> </ol>