TED (conference)

<h2 id="history">History</h2>
<h3>1984–1999: Founding and early years</h3>

TED was conceived in 1984 by <a href="/facts/Richard_Saul_Wurman/9o2n4gJ5">Richard Saul Wurman</a>, FAIA '76, <a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:19" href="#fn:19">19</a> and co-founded by Emmy-winning broadcast and graphic designer <a href="/facts/Harry_Marks_(broadcast_designer)/n1oXtNg1">Harry Marks</a> and CBS President Emeritus <a href="/facts/Frank_Stanton_(executive)/L0cwM0h4">Frank Stanton</a>. The conference featured demos of the <a href="/facts/Compact_disc/g51GRloc">compact disc</a>, co-developed by <a href="/facts/Philips/Xp4uczGg">Philips</a> and <a href="/facts/Sony/7x4tCtBd">Sony</a>, and one of the first demonstrations of the <a href="/facts/Apple_Macintosh/8GhnXTK0">Apple Macintosh</a> computer.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:20" href="#fn:20">20</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:21" href="#fn:21">21</a> Presentations were given by the mathematician <a href="/facts/Benoit_Mandelbrot/fa8tKP93">Benoit Mandelbrot</a> and others such as <a href="/facts/Nicholas_Negroponte/jjMajgFK">Nicholas Negroponte</a> and <a href="/facts/Stewart_Brand/BCSscDzA">Stewart Brand</a>. The event was financially unsuccessful; six years elapsed before a second conference was organized.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:22" href="#fn:22">22</a>
TED2 was held at the same Monterey Conference Center in California in 1990. From 1990 onward, a growing community of "TEDsters" gathered annually with Wurman leading the conference in Monterey until 2009,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:23" href="#fn:23">23</a> when it was moved to <a href="/facts/Long_Beach%2c_California/rcmxRIXv">Long Beach, California</a> due to a substantial increase in the number of those attending.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:24" href="#fn:24">24</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:25" href="#fn:25">25</a> Speakers were initially drawn from the fields of expertise behind the <a href="/facts/Acronym/nlHK7aRt">acronym</a> TED; but during the 1990s, presenters broadened to include scientists, philosophers, musicians, religious leaders, philanthropists, and many others.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:26" href="#fn:26">26</a>

<h3>2000–present: recent growth</h3>
In 2000, Wurman, looking for a successor at age 65, met with new-media entrepreneur and TED enthusiast <a href="/facts/Chris_Anderson_(entrepreneur)/Pg5y0mbw">Chris Anderson</a> to discuss future happenings. Anderson's UK media company <a href="/facts/Future_plc/c5Whyl4C">Future</a> bought TED for $14 million ($12 million in cash and $2 million in stocks). In November 2001, Anderson's non-profit The <a href="/facts/Sapling_Foundation/M29fRepu">Sapling Foundation</a> (motto: "fostering the spread of great ideas")<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:27" href="#fn:27">27</a> acquired TED from Future for £6m.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:28" href="#fn:28">28</a> In February 2002, Anderson gave a TED Talk in which he explained his vision of the conference and his future role of <a href="/facts/Curator/BDrLqCKn">curator</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:29" href="#fn:29">29</a>
In 2012, TED community director Tom Rielly helped the producers of <a href="/facts/Prometheus_(2012_film)/BttTgQeN">Prometheus</a> gain approval for the use of the TED brand in the promotional short film <a href="/facts/TED_2023/BttTgQeN">TED 2023</a>, designed by Rielly with <a href="/facts/Ridley_Scott/cop0oqMc">Ridley Scott</a> and <a href="/facts/Damon_Lindelof/a4JF3PvQ">Damon Lindelof</a>, directed by <a href="/facts/Luke_Scott_(director)/4bg1bE4R">Luke Scott</a>, and starring <a href="/facts/Guy_Pearce/arPgvN74">Guy Pearce</a> as <a href="/facts/Peter_Weyland/YzyPBPyH">Peter Weyland</a>, who in the film speaks at a fictional TED conference at <a href="/facts/Wembley_Stadium/mQC5Bonq">Wembley Stadium</a> in the then-future of 2023; on the film's release, Rielly noted that the association had generated millions of unique visits to the TED website.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:30" href="#fn:30">30</a>
In 2014, the conference was moved to <a href="/facts/Vancouver/rn2AKA1n">Vancouver</a>, Canada.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:31" href="#fn:31">31</a>
TED is currently funded by various revenue streams, including attendance fees, corporate sponsorships, foundation support, licensing fees, and book sales. Sponsors do not participate in the event's creation and do not present on the main stage.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:32" href="#fn:32">32</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:33" href="#fn:33">33</a>
In 2015, TED staff consisted of about 180 people headquartered in <a href="/facts/New_York_City/YlyvFmVC">New York City</a> and Vancouver, British Columbia.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:34" href="#fn:34">34</a> On July 1, 2019, the TED Conferences LLC was transferred from Sapling Foundation to TED Foundation to "align with our brand and make it easier for our donors to connect TED donations to TED Conferences, LLC."<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:35" href="#fn:35">35</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:36" href="#fn:36">36</a>
In 2021, TED launched the TED Audio Collective with a number of podcasts featuring previous TED Talks and other relevant topics.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:37" href="#fn:37">37</a>
TED 2022 was held in Vancouver. There was criticism after <a href="/facts/Marvin_Rees/pI8paue5">Marvin Rees</a>, <a href="/facts/Mayor_of_Bristol/DgXF0RXJ">Mayor of Bristol</a>, flew 9,200 miles (14,800 km) to speak about <a href="/facts/Climate_change/rEN4BDE7">climate change</a> and the need for reduced <a href="/facts/Carbon_emission/Cu9nXPHE">carbon emissions</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:38" href="#fn:38">38</a>

<h2 id="ted-prize">TED Prize</h2>
The TED Prize was introduced in 2005. Until 2010, $100,000 was given annually to three individuals with a "wish to change the world".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:39" href="#fn:39">39</a> Each winner unveiled their wish at the main annual conference. Since 2010, a single winner has been chosen to ensure that TED can maximize its efforts in achieving the winner's wish. In 2012, the prize was not awarded to a person, but to a concept connected to the current global phenomenon of increasing <a href="/facts/Urbanization/GQq0oqft">urbanization</a>. In 2013, the prize amount was increased to $1 million.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:40" href="#fn:40">40</a> TED Prize winners in previous years have been:

<table><tbody><tr><th>2005<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:41" href="#fn:41">41</a></th><th>2006<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:42" href="#fn:42">42</a></th><th>2007<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:43" href="#fn:43">43</a></th><th>2008<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:44" href="#fn:44">44</a></th><th>2009<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:45" href="#fn:45">45</a></th><th>2010<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:46" href="#fn:46">46</a></th><th>2011<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:47" href="#fn:47">47</a></th><th>2012<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:48" href="#fn:48">48</a></th><th>2013<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:49" href="#fn:49">49</a></th><th>2014<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:50" href="#fn:50">50</a></th><th>2015<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:51" href="#fn:51">51</a></th><th>2016<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:52" href="#fn:52">52</a></th><th>2017<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:53" href="#fn:53">53</a></th></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Bono/LWHXEyw6">Bono</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Larry_Brilliant/9Tgk6ysA">Larry Brilliant</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Bill_Clinton/x5mwYkVh">Bill Clinton</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Neil_Turok/eJjDRSne">Neil Turok</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sylvia_Earle/4qWLpRaW">Sylvia Earle</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Jamie_Oliver/chvpcm5H">Jamie Oliver</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/JR_(artist)/NeuJXQtm">JR</a></td><td rowspan="3">City 2.0<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:54" href="#fn:54">54</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Sugata_Mitra/wdBPteSA">Sugata Mitra</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Charmian_Gooch/bGp6qEQY">Charmian Gooch</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:55" href="#fn:55">55</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/David_Isay/6CN1Nr3P">David Isay</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Sarah_Parcak/aXXJoSgY">Sarah Parcak</a></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/facts/Raj_Panjabi/EMxBSlhV">Raj Panjabi</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Edward_Burtynsky/A4FgLqoN">Edward Burtynsky</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:56" href="#fn:56">56</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Jehane_Noujaim/k7yRaI2e">Jehane Noujaim</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Edward_O._Wilson/YuXAKxp7">Edward O. Wilson</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Dave_Eggers/PUK4RK0B">Dave Eggers</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Jill_Tarter/xxNVMWJn">Jill Tarter</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/facts/Robert_Fischell/H6B4M8Sx">Robert Fischell</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Cameron_Sinclair/1JbuDaJE">Cameron Sinclair</a></td><td><a href="/facts/James_Nachtwey/FSsY3GDa">James Nachtwey</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Karen_Armstrong/8aFIplPK">Karen Armstrong</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Jos%25C3%25A9_Antonio_Abreu/gKIRnr0L">José Antonio Abreu</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
TED Conference commissioned New York artist <a href="/facts/Tom_Shannon_(artist)/7UBdqqsF">Tom Shannon</a> to create a prize sculpture for all TED Prize winners. It consists of an eight-inch-diameter (20 cm) aluminum sphere magnetically levitated above a walnut disc.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:57" href="#fn:57">57</a> As of 2018 the prize has been recast as <a href="/facts/The_Audacious_Project/3v8VJW2u">The Audacious Project</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:58" href="#fn:58">58</a>

<h2 id="tedcom">TED.com</h2>
In 2005, Chris Anderson hired <a href="/facts/June_Cohen/YxC7Sx8I">June Cohen</a> as Director of TED Media. In June 2006, after Cohen's idea of a TV show based on TED lectures was rejected by several networks, a selection of talks that had received highest audience ratings was posted on the websites of TED, <a href="/facts/YouTube/db276jst">YouTube</a> and <a href="/facts/ITunes/pdXPE33T">iTunes</a> under <a href="/facts/Creative_Commons_license/6AV3V7UJ">Creative Commons</a> Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:59" href="#fn:59">59</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:60" href="#fn:60">60</a> Only a handful of talks was initially posted to see if there was an audience for them. In January of the following year, the number of talks on the sites had grown to 44, and they had been viewed more than three million times. On the basis of that success, the organization pumped hundreds of thousands of dollars into its video production operations and the development of a website to feature about 100 of the talks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:61" href="#fn:61">61</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:62" href="#fn:62">62</a>
In April 2007, the new TED.com was launched, developed by New York and San Francisco-based design company <a href="/facts/Method_(company)/8L0hNjx0">Method</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:63" href="#fn:63">63</a> The website has won many prizes, including seven <a href="/facts/Webby_Award/7cLvvlAR">Webby Awards</a>, iTunes' "Best Podcast of the Year" (2006–2010); the <a href="/facts/Communication_Arts_(magazine)/tdNFTUnU">Communication Arts</a> Interactive Award for Information Design (2007); the OMMA Award for Video Sharing, the Web Visionary Award for Technical Achievement, and <a href="/facts/The_One_Club/3BeM7F40">The One Show Interactive</a> Bronze Award (2008); the <a href="/facts/AIGA/61aAfcR0">AIGA</a> Annual Design Competition (2009); and a <a href="/facts/Peabody_Award/pC7Q1kqp">Peabody Award</a> (2012).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:64" href="#fn:64">64</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:65" href="#fn:65">65</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:66" href="#fn:66">66</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:67" href="#fn:67">67</a>
In January 2009, TED videos had been viewed 50 million times. In June 2011, they reached 500 million views.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:68" href="#fn:68">68</a>
In March 2012, <a href="/facts/Netflix/TKtlFVY9">Netflix</a> announced a deal to <a href="/facts/Streaming_media/4rPhSq0Y">stream</a> an initial series of 16 two-hour collections of TED Talks on similar subjects. It was made available to subscribers in the United States, Canada, Latin America, the United Kingdom, and Ireland.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:69" href="#fn:69">69</a> Hosted by Jami Floyd, TED Talks NYC debuted on <a href="/facts/NYC_Media/WqnsMKSK">NYC Life</a> on March 21, 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:70" href="#fn:70">70</a>

<h2 id="related-projects-and-events">Related projects and events</h2>
<h3>TED conferences</h3>
This article is about the conference. For the 2012 short film, see <a href="/facts/TED_2023/BttTgQeN">TED 2023</a>.
<table><tbody><tr><th>Date</th><th>Conference</th><th>Theme</th><th>Location</th><th>Notable speakers</th></tr><tr><td>April 15–19, 2024</td><td>TED 2024</td><td>The Brave and The Brilliant</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td><a href="/facts/Sam_Altman/jhstWT0n">Sam Altman</a>, <a href="/facts/Eric_Schmidt/R9PsmFCY">Eric Schmidt</a>, <a href="/facts/Palmer_Luckey/RMJ8mcuW">Palmer Luckey</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:71" href="#fn:71">71</a> <a href="/facts/Steven_Pinker/sPjcSD3B">Steven Pinker</a>, <a href="/facts/Richard_Dawkins/x8Q24PJG">Richard Dawkins</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:72" href="#fn:72">72</a></td></tr><tr><td>April 17–21, 2023</td><td>TED 2023</td><td>Possibility</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>April 10–14, 2022</td><td>TED 2022</td><td>A New Era</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td><a href="/facts/Elon_Musk/GFgcp9Im">Elon Musk</a>, <a href="/facts/Garry_Kasparov/NNjULdHH">Garry Kasparov</a>, <a href="/facts/Al_Gore/d7zSAghl">Al Gore</a>, <a href="/facts/Alexis_Nikole_Nelson/kXAxlMHA">Alexis Nikole Nelson</a>, <a href="/facts/Bryce_Dallas_Howard/hP1NvIqf">Bryce Dallas Howard</a>, <a href="/facts/Allyson_Felix/kW2t0SYL">Allyson Felix</a></td></tr><tr><td>October 12–15, 2021</td><td>TED Countdown Summit</td><td></td><td>Edinburgh, Scotland</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>October 10, 2020</td><td>TED Countdown 2020</td><td></td><td>Online</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>May 18, 2020 − July 10, 2020</td><td>TED 2020</td><td>Uncharted</td><td>Online @ TED.com</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>July 21–25, 2019</td><td>TEDSummit 2019</td><td>A Community Beyond Borders</td><td>Edinburgh, Scotland</td><td><a href="/facts/Nicola_Sturgeon/elW9YPwT">Nicola Sturgeon</a>, <a href="/facts/Carole_Cadwalladr/qodnKdwk">Carole Cadwalladr</a></td></tr><tr><td>April 15–19, 2019</td><td>TED 2019</td><td>Bigger than us</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td><a href="/facts/America_Ferrera/7tNUH2QP">America Ferrera</a></td></tr><tr><td>November 28–30, 2018</td><td>TEDWomen 2018</td><td>Showing up</td><td>Palm Springs, California</td><td><a href="/facts/Stacey_Abrams/u8cB8nP4">Stacey Abrams</a>, <a href="/facts/Pat_Mitchell/85oWdJYQ">Pat Mitchell</a>, <a href="/facts/Cecile_Richards/onMwPN6d">Cecille Richards</a></td></tr><tr><td>November 14–16, 2018</td><td>TEDMED 2018</td><td>Chaos+Clarity</td><td>Palm Springs, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>April 10–14, 2018</td><td>TED 2018</td><td>The Age of Amazement</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>November 1–3, 2017</td><td>TEDWomen 2017</td><td>Bridges</td><td>New Orleans, Louisiana</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>August 27–30, 2017</td><td>TEDGlobal 2017</td><td>Builders. Truth-tellers. Catalysts.</td><td>Arusha, Tanzania</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>April 24–28, 2017</td><td>TED 2017</td><td>The Future You</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td><a href="/facts/Robert_Sapolsky/WNsUTeFf">Robert Sapolsky</a></td></tr><tr><td>November 14, 2016</td><td>TEDYouth 2016</td><td>Made in the Future</td><td>Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>October 26–28, 2016</td><td>TEDWomen 2016</td><td>It's about time.</td><td>San Francisco, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>June 26–30, 2016</td><td>TEDSummit 2016</td><td>Aim higher. Together.</td><td>Banff, Alberta</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 15–19, 2016</td><td>TED 2016</td><td>Dream</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>November 14, 2015</td><td>TEDYouth 2015</td><td>Made in the Future</td><td>Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>November 1–6, 2015</td><td>TED Talks Live</td><td>Six nights of talks on Broadway</td><td>Town Hall Theatre, New York, New York</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>May 27–29, 2015</td><td>TEDWomen 2015</td><td>Momentum</td><td>Monterey, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>March 16–20, 2015</td><td>TED 2015</td><td>Truth and Dare</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td><a href="/facts/Bill_Gates/z16t4m7s">Bill Gates</a></td></tr><tr><td>March 16–20, 2015</td><td>TEDActive 2015</td><td>Truth and Dare</td><td>Whistler, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>November 15, 2014</td><td>TEDYouth 2014</td><td>Worlds Imagined</td><td><a href="/facts/Brooklyn_Museum/IFLKyrQK">Brooklyn Museum</a>, Brooklyn, New York</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>October 6–10, 2014</td><td>TEDGlobal 2014</td><td>South!</td><td>Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>March 17–21, 2014</td><td>TED 2014</td><td>The Next Chapter</td><td>Vancouver, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>March 17–21, 2014</td><td>TEDActive 2014</td><td>The Next Chapter</td><td>Whistler, British Columbia</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 25 – March 1, 2013</td><td>TED 2013<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:73" href="#fn:73">73</a></td><td>The Young. The Wise. The Undiscovered.</td><td>Long Beach, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 25 – March 1, 2013</td><td>TEDActive 2013</td><td>The Young. The Wise. The Undiscovered.</td><td>Palm Springs, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 27 – March 2, 2012</td><td>TED 2012</td><td>Full Spectrum</td><td>Long Beach, California</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>February 27 – March 2, 2012</td><td>TEDActive 2012</td><td>Full Spectrum</td><td>Palm Springs, California</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3>TEDGlobal</h3>

In 2005, under Anderson's supervision, a more internationally oriented sister conference was added, under the name TEDGlobal. It was held, in chronological order: in <a href="/facts/Oxford/kHvWDTXW">Oxford</a>, UK (2005), in <a href="/facts/Arusha/0lBPIC8x">Arusha</a>, Tanzania (2007, titled TEDAfrica), in Oxford again (2009 and 2010), and in <a href="/facts/Edinburgh/PcsoaK9h">Edinburgh</a>, UK (2011, 2012, and 2013). In 2014, it was held in <a href="/facts/Rio_de_Janeiro%2c_Brazil/AVPTJJ2C">Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:74" href="#fn:74">74</a> Additionally, there was TED India, in <a href="/facts/Mysore/xpzbccId">Mysore</a> (2009) and TEDGlobal London in <a href="/facts/London/KozCCsy9">London</a> (2015).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:75" href="#fn:75">75</a> TEDGlobal 2017 was held again in Arusha, Tanzania, and it was curated and hosted by Emeka Okafor.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:76" href="#fn:76">76</a>
TED's European director (and curator of TEDGlobal) is Swiss-born <a href="/facts/Bruno_Giussani/uAQXvgoA">Bruno Giussani</a>.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:77" href="#fn:77">77</a>
The TED 2011 conference, The Rediscovery of Wonder, was held in <a href="/facts/Long_Beach%2c_California/rcmxRIXv">Long Beach, California</a>, US, from February 28 to March 4, 2011.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:78" href="#fn:78">78</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:79" href="#fn:79">79</a> The TED conference has a companion conference, TEDGlobal, held in the UK each summer. The 2009 TEDGlobal, The Substance of Things Not Seen, was held in Oxford, July 21–24, 2009. 2010's TEDGlobal (again in Oxford) was themed And Now The Good News; in 2011 the conference moved to a new home in Edinburgh and was held July 12–15 with the theme The Stuff Of Life. The 2012 TEDGlobal conference Radical Openness was held in Edinburgh, June 25–29.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:80" href="#fn:80">80</a>

<h3>TEDx</h3>

TEDx was founded by Lara Stein. TEDx are independent events similar to TED in presentation. They can be organized by anyone who obtains a free license from TED, and agrees to follow certain principles.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:81" href="#fn:81">81</a> Speakers are not paid and must relinquish the copyrights to their materials, which TED may edit and distribute under a non-commercial <a href="/facts/Creative_Commons/b1fKDQHE">Creative Commons</a> license (CC-BY-NC-SA).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:82" href="#fn:82">82</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:83" href="#fn:83">83</a>

In March 2013, eight TEDx events, which are "essentially, do-it-yourself TED conferences" raised up from five in June 2012, the previous year, in 133 countries.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:84" href="#fn:84">84</a>
<a href="/facts/TEDxPortland/xJpxgFNz">TEDxPortland</a> in Portland was the largest indoor TEDx event in the world, with over 8,000 attendees, making it the largest TEDx conference in North America.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:85" href="#fn:85">85</a>

<h3>TED Fellows</h3>
TED Fellows were introduced in 2007, during the first TEDAfrica conference in <a href="/facts/Arusha/0lBPIC8x">Arusha</a>, Tanzania, where 100 young people were selected from across the continent. Two years later, during TEDIndia, 99 fellows were recruited, mainly from South Asia.
In 2009, the fellows program was initiated in its present form. For every TED or TEDGlobal conference, 20 fellows are selected; a total of 40 new fellows a year. Each year, 20 past fellows are chosen to participate in the two-year senior fellows program (in which they will attend four more conferences).
2019 marked the tenth anniversary of the TED Fellows program.
Acceptance as a fellow is not based on academic <a href="/facts/Credential/wsuEjr95">credentials</a>, but mainly on past and current actions, and plans for the future.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:86" href="#fn:86">86</a> Besides attending a conference free of charge, each fellow takes part in a special program with <a href="/facts/Mentorship/tWJJD2GV">mentoring</a> by experts in the field of spreading ideas, and can give a short talk on the "TED Fellows" stage. Some of these talks are subsequently published on TED.com. Senior fellows have additional benefits and responsibilities.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:87" href="#fn:87">87</a>

<h3>TED Audio Collective</h3>
The TED Audio Collective is a collection of podcasts with over 25 shows.
One of those shows is the TED Interview <a href="/facts/Podcast/arkeh0YV">podcast</a> which launched on October 16, 2018, during which <a href="/facts/Chris_Anderson_(entrepreneur)/Pg5y0mbw">Chris Anderson</a> holds conversations<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:88" href="#fn:88">88</a> with speakers who have previously given a <a href="/facts/List_of_TED_speakers/NwAoJDJo">TED talk</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:89" href="#fn:89">89</a> providing the guest a chance to speak in greater depth about their background, projects, motivation,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:90" href="#fn:90">90</a> re-evaluation of past experiences,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:91" href="#fn:91">91</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:92" href="#fn:92">92</a> or plans for the future.[needs update]

Season 1<table><tbody><tr><th>No. in season</th><th>Title</th><th>Airdate</th></tr><tr><td>Intro<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:93" href="#fn:93">93</a></td><td>Chris Anderson</td><td>September 25, 2018</td></tr><tr><td>1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:94" href="#fn:94">94</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Elizabeth_Gilbert/3aSbFkCe">Elizabeth Gilbert</a> shows up for ... everything</td><td rowspan="3">October 2018</td></tr><tr><td>2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:95" href="#fn:95">95</a></td><td><a href="/facts/David_Deutsch/eI2zNusR">David Deutsch</a> on the infinite reach of knowledge</td></tr><tr><td>3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:96" href="#fn:96">96</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sam_Harris/Wfef7Pa2">Sam Harris</a> on using reason to build our morality</td></tr><tr><td>4<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:97" href="#fn:97">97</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Dalia_Mogahed/d97Wc2cJ">Dalia Mogahed</a> on Islam in the world today</td><td>November 2018</td></tr><tr><td>5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:98" href="#fn:98">98</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Steven_Pinker/sPjcSD3B">Steven Pinker</a> on the case for optimism</td><td rowspan="3">November 2018</td></tr><tr><td>6<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:99" href="#fn:99">99</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Robin_Steinberg/qG11rlsp">Robin Steinberg</a>'s quest to reform cash bail</td></tr><tr><td>7<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:100" href="#fn:100">100</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Mellody_Hobson/vpHAdmSV">Mellody Hobson</a> challenges us to be color brave</td></tr><tr><td>8<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:101" href="#fn:101">101</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Ray_Kurzweil/1DYRFcVe">Ray Kurzweil</a> on what the future holds next</td><td rowspan="3">December 2018</td></tr><tr><td>9<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:102" href="#fn:102">102</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Daniel_Kahneman/YnI99yAy">Daniel Kahneman</a> wants you to doubt yourself. Here's why</td></tr><tr><td>10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:103" href="#fn:103">103</a></td><td>Sir <a href="/facts/Ken_Robinson_(educationalist)/HtVwd85B">Ken Robinson</a> still wants an education revolution</td></tr><tr><td>Bonus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:104" href="#fn:104">104</a></td><td>Chris Anderson on the <a href="/facts/Ezra_Klein/o43oNblA">Ezra Klein</a> Show</td><td>December 20, 2018</td></tr></tbody></table>
Season 2<table><tbody><tr><th>No. in season</th><th>Title</th><th>Airdate</th></tr><tr><td>Extra<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:105" href="#fn:105">105</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Roger_McNamee/MTXt7eF9">Roger McNamee</a> takes on big tech</td><td>May 3, 2019</td></tr><tr><td>1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:106" href="#fn:106">106</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Bill_Gates/z16t4m7s">Bill Gates</a> looks to the future</td><td rowspan="3">May 2019</td></tr><tr><td>2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:107" href="#fn:107">107</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Amanda_Palmer/EFJLH5MU">Amanda Palmer</a> on radical truth telling</td></tr><tr><td>3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:108" href="#fn:108">108</a></td><td><a href="/facts/David_Brooks_(commentator)/D4L9ypp0">David Brooks</a> on political healing</td></tr><tr><td>4<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:109" href="#fn:109">109</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kai-Fu_Lee/vXe37zYv">Kai-Fu Lee</a> on the future of AI</td><td rowspan="4">June 2019</td></tr><tr><td>5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:110" href="#fn:110">110</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Susan_Cain/Gb3tW0zJ">Susan Cain</a> takes us into the mind of the introvert</td></tr><tr><td>6<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:111" href="#fn:111">111</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Andrew_McAfee/Y68kKecs">Andrew McAfee</a> on the future of our economy</td></tr><tr><td>7<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:112" href="#fn:112">112</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sylvia_Earle/4qWLpRaW">Sylvia Earle</a> makes the case for our oceans</td></tr><tr><td>8<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:113" href="#fn:113">113</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Monica_Lewinsky/R9FHTNay">Monica Lewinsky</a> argues for a bully-free world</td><td rowspan="4">July 2019</td></tr><tr><td>9<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:114" href="#fn:114">114</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tim_Ferriss/F3mY9TmI">Tim Ferriss</a> on life-hacks and psychedelics</td></tr><tr><td>10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:115" href="#fn:115">115</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Yuval_Noah_Harari/9zT7a7sb">Yuval Noah Harari</a> reveals the real dangers ahead</td></tr><tr><td>11<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:116" href="#fn:116">116</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Johann_Hari/4CDzIdDl">Johann Hari</a> challenges the way we think about depression</td></tr></tbody></table>
Season 3<table><tbody><tr><th>No. in season</th><th>Title</th><th>Airdate</th></tr><tr><td>Bonus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:117" href="#fn:117">117</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Parag_Khanna/LmsejxUo">Parag Khanna</a>: On global connectivity</td><td>September 25, 2019</td></tr><tr><td>1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:118" href="#fn:118">118</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Daniel_Gilbert_(psychologist)/d7K644p6">Dan Gilbert</a> on the surprising science of happiness</td><td rowspan="4">October 2019</td></tr><tr><td>2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:119" href="#fn:119">119</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Anil_Seth/tT2po81H">Anil Seth</a> explores the mystery of consciousness</td></tr><tr><td>3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:120" href="#fn:120">120</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Elif_Shafak/1pyF7lwB">Elif Shafak</a> on the urgent power of storytelling</td></tr><tr><td>4<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:121" href="#fn:121">121</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Michael_Tubbs/2c1H40Ga">Michael Tubbs</a> on politics as a force for good</td></tr><tr><td>5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:122" href="#fn:122">122</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kate_Raworth/HMgA8A7p">Kate Raworth</a> argues that rethinking economics can save our planet</td><td rowspan="3">November 2019</td></tr><tr><td>6<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:123" href="#fn:123">123</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Donald_D._Hoffman/oRr6VPrh">Donald Hoffman</a> has a radical new theory on how we experience reality</td></tr><tr><td>7<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:124" href="#fn:124">124</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Frances_X._Frei/qrgNa9PU">Frances Frei</a>'s three pillars of leadership</td></tr><tr><td>8<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:125" href="#fn:125">125</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Christiana_Figueres/5RnfRm90">Christiana Figueres</a> on how we can solve the climate crisis</td><td>December 2019</td></tr><tr><td>Bonus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:126" href="#fn:126">126</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Tom_Rivett-Carnac/Y0BwAFCV">Tom Rivett-Carnac</a> is optimistic about the fate of our planet</td><td>December 23, 2019</td></tr></tbody></table>
Season 4<table><tbody><tr><th>No. in season</th><th>Title</th><th>Airdate</th></tr><tr><td>Bonus<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:127" href="#fn:127">127</a></td><td>Adam Kucharski on what should—and shouldn't—worry us about the coronavirus</td><td>Recorded on March 11, 2020; broadcast on March 12, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>1<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:128" href="#fn:128">128</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Bill_Gates/z16t4m7s">Bill Gates</a> on how we must respond to the COVID-19 pandemic</td><td>Recorded on March 24, 2020; broadcast on March 30, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>2<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:129" href="#fn:129">129</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Seth_Berkley/7BtDr486">Seth Berkley</a> on the quest for the coronavirus vaccine</td><td>Recorded on March 26, 2020; broadcast on March 31, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>3<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:130" href="#fn:130">130</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Jonathan_Sacks/Dhc0IMwz">Jonathan Sacks</a> on how we can navigate the coronavirus pandemic with courage and hope</td><td>Recorded on March 30, 2020; broadcast on March 31, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>4<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:131" href="#fn:131">131</a></td><td>Gary Liu on what the world can learn from China's response to COVID-19</td><td>Recorded on March 25, 2020; broadcast on April 1, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>5<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:132" href="#fn:132">132</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Sonia_Shah/PEta2QNS">Sonia Shah</a>: How to make pandemics optional, not inevitable</td><td>Recorded on March 31, 2020; broadcast on April 2, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>6<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:133" href="#fn:133">133</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Matthew_Walker_(scientist)/1FBqzsrb">Matt Walker</a>: How to sleep during a pandemic</td><td>Recorded on April 1, 2020; broadcast on April 2, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>7<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:134" href="#fn:134">134</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Elizabeth_Gilbert/3aSbFkCe">Elizabeth Gilbert</a> says it's OK to feel overwhelmed. Here's what to do next</td><td>Recorded on April 2, 2020; broadcast on April 3, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>8<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:135" href="#fn:135">135</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Susan_David/QhSTFXGa">Susan David</a>: Emotional resilience in times of crisis</td><td>Recorded on March 23, 2020; broadcast on April 4, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>9<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:136" href="#fn:136">136</a></td><td>Priya B. Parker: How to create meaningful connections while apart</td><td>Recorded on March 27, 2020; broadcast on April 5, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>10<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:137" href="#fn:137">137</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Danielle_Allen/Lw0LB6C7">Danielle Allen</a>: The tech we need to end the pandemic and restart the economy</td><td>Recorded on April 6, 2020; broadcast on April 7, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>11<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:138" href="#fn:138">138</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Ray_Dalio/KGNLY6Nz">Ray Dalio</a>: What coronavirus means for the global economy</td><td>Recorded on April 9, 2020; broadcast on April 10, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>12<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:139" href="#fn:139">139</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Fareed_Zakaria/zSGc3Frm">Fareed Zakaria</a>: The world after the coronavirus pandemic</td><td>Recorded on April 9, 2020; broadcast on April 10, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>13<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:140" href="#fn:140">140</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Elizabeth_Dunn/3MRyJEpQ">Elizabeth Dunn</a>: Design your life for happiness</td><td>Recorded on February 5, 2020; broadcast on April 17, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>14<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:141" href="#fn:141">141</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Dambisa_Moyo/l4E3rE8Q">Dambisa Moyo</a>: What we get wrong about global growth</td><td>Recorded on March 5, 2020; broadcast on April 24, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>15<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:142" href="#fn:142">142</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Kristalina_Georgieva/XepKn1Wy">Kristalina Georgieva</a>: What we learn from the crisis can make our economy stronger</td><td>Recorded on May 18, 2020; broadcast on May 28, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>16<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:143" href="#fn:143">143</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Phillip_Atiba_Goff/LKGfkXrN">Phillip Atiba Goff</a>, <a href="/facts/Rashad_Robinson/T5Vu0PEH">Rashad Robinson</a>, <a href="/facts/Bernice_King/q7cgyhWw">Bernice King</a>, <a href="/facts/Anthony_D._Romero/ExQeK4zG">Anthony D. Romero</a>: The path to ending systemic racism in the US</td><td>Recorded on June 3, 2020; broadcast on June 6, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>17<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:144" href="#fn:144">144</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Audrey_Tang/fRJp8fCz">Audrey Tang</a>: How Taiwan used digital tools to solve the pandemic</td><td>Recorded on June 1, 2020; broadcast on June 11, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>18<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:145" href="#fn:145">145</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Dan_Schulman/ExMDIMCS">Dan Schulman</a>: Why a company's future depends on putting its employees first</td><td>Recorded on May 19, 2020; broadcast on June 18, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>19<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:146" href="#fn:146">146</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Ashraf_Ghani/HGwX1FWD">Ashraf Ghani</a>: A path to peace in Afghanistan</td><td>Recorded on June 16, 2020; broadcast on June 25, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>20<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:147" href="#fn:147">147</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Al_Gore/d7zSAghl">Al Gore</a>: On the new urgency of the climate crisis</td><td>Recorded on June 23, 2020; broadcast on July 2, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>21<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:148" href="#fn:148">148</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Darren_Walker/a8hHoaFn">Darren Walker</a>: The role of the wealthy in achieving equality</td><td>Recorded on July 1, 2020; broadcast on July 9, 2020</td></tr><tr><td>22<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:149" href="#fn:149">149</a></td><td><a href="/facts/Malala_Yousafzai/Grw00W0v">Malala Yousafzai</a>: On why educating girls changes everything</td><td>Recorded on July 8, 2020; broadcast on July 16, 2020</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3>TEDMED</h3>
Main article: <a href="/facts/TEDMED/mkaDn1y6">TEDMED</a>
<a href="/facts/TEDMED/mkaDn1y6">TEDMED</a> is an annual conference concerned with health and medicine. It is an independent event operating under license from the nonprofit TED conference.
In 2011, <a href="/facts/Jay_S._Walker/gglvjwaH">Jay Walker</a> and a group of executives and investors purchased TEDMED from Hodosh for $16 million with future additional payments of as much as $9 million. The conference was then moved to Washington, DC.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:150" href="#fn:150">150</a>

<h3>Other programs</h3>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/TED_Radio_Hour/nEdvfejv">TED Radio Hour</a>: A radio program,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:151" href="#fn:151">151</a> with audio downloads and a podcast <a href="/facts/RSS/WBAWrkdj">RSS</a> feed,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:152" href="#fn:152">152</a> hosted by <a href="/facts/Manoush_Zomorodi/ss8coGC9">Manoush Zomorodi</a>,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:153" href="#fn:153">153</a> previously <a href="/facts/Guy_Raz/sQ4P3QgR">Guy Raz</a>, and co-produced with <a href="/facts/NPR/BohIW9Xg">NPR</a>. Each episode uses multiple TED Talks to examine a common theme.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:154" href="#fn:154">154</a> Originated and executive produced by Deron Triff and <a href="/facts/June_Cohen/YxC7Sx8I">June Cohen</a>, the first episode was broadcast in 2012.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:155" href="#fn:155">155</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:156" href="#fn:156">156</a></li>
<li>TED also offers other podcasts such as Sincerely, X (featuring anonymous TED Talks).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:157" href="#fn:157">157</a></li></ul>
<h2 id="criticism">Criticism</h2>
<h3>Pricing</h3>
<a href="/facts/Sarah_Lacy/2TjkM7Wx">Sarah Lacy</a> of <a href="/facts/BusinessWeek/EsGLjcge">BusinessWeek</a> and <a href="/facts/TechCrunch/9gs5SykU">TechCrunch</a> wrote in 2010 that TED attendees complained of elitism from a "hierarchy of parties throughout the LA area with strict lists and security" after the sessions. She gave credit for freely live-streaming and posting videos of its talks.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:158" href="#fn:158">158</a>

<h3>TED Talk content</h3>
Disagreements have occurred between TED speakers and organizers. In her 2010 TED Talk, comedian <a href="/facts/Sarah_Silverman/hAeCfpv3">Sarah Silverman</a> referred to adopting a "<a href="/facts/Retard_(pejorative)/Hyx2spC2">retarded</a>" child. TED organizer <a href="/facts/Chris_Anderson_(entrepreneur)/Pg5y0mbw">Chris Anderson</a> objected via his <a href="/facts/Twitter/VWwDNGUm">Twitter</a> account, leading to a conflict between them conducted over Twitter.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:159" href="#fn:159">159</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:160" href="#fn:160">160</a>
Also in 2010, statistician <a href="/facts/Nassim_Taleb/KQTPVVzz">Nassim Taleb</a> called TED a "monstrosity that turns scientists and thinkers into low-level entertainers, like circus performers". He claimed TED curators did not initially post his talk "warning about the financial crisis" on their site on purely cosmetic grounds.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:161" href="#fn:161">161</a>
In May 2012, venture capitalist <a href="/facts/Nick_Hanauer/NBWgkHQE">Nick Hanauer</a> spoke at <a href="/facts/TED_University/5RBtKal2">TED University</a>, challenging the belief that top income earners in America were the engines of job creation. TED attracted controversy when it chose not to post Hanauer's talk on their website. His talk analysed the top rate of tax versus unemployment and economic equality.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:162" href="#fn:162">162</a> TED was accused of censoring the talk by not posting it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:163" href="#fn:163">163</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:164" href="#fn:164">164</a>
On May 7, 2012, TED curator Chris Anderson, in an email to Hanauer, commented on his decision and took issue with several of Hanauer's assertions in the talk, including the idea that businesspeople were not job creators. He also made clear his aversion to the talk's "political nature":<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:165" href="#fn:165">165</a>
The <a href="/facts/National_Journal/VX4HI5DW">National Journal</a> reported that Anderson considered Hanauer's talk one of the most politically controversial they had produced, and they needed to be careful about when they posted it.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:166" href="#fn:166">166</a> Anderson responded on his personal blog that TED posted only one talk each day, selected from many.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:167" href="#fn:167">167</a> <a href="/facts/Forbes/lyULpGhW">Forbes</a> staff writer Bruce Upbin noted that Hanauer's claim of a relationship between tax rates and unemployment was based entirely on falsified unemployment data,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:168" href="#fn:168">168</a> while <a href="/facts/New_York_(magazine)/aU1yeUCA">New York</a> magazine condemned TED's move.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:169" href="#fn:169">169</a>
TEDx talks have been criticised for having a lower quality control than actual TED talks, with a number of TEDx talks being ridiculed by critics for promoting <a href="/facts/Pseudoscience/kdNzoLeS">pseudoscience</a>. Wired and the Harvard Business Review suggested that this lack of quality control in TEDx talks damaged the broader TED brand.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:170" href="#fn:170">170</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:171" href="#fn:171">171</a>
Following a TEDx talk by parapsychologist <a href="/facts/Rupert_Sheldrake/pR7MzLry">Rupert Sheldrake</a>, TED issued a statement saying their scientific advisors believed that "there is little evidence for some of Sheldrake's more radical claims", and recommended that it "should not be distributed without being framed with caution". The video was moved from the TEDx YouTube channel to the TED blog, accompanied by such framing language. This prompted accusations of censorship, which TED rebutted by pointing out that Sheldrake's talk was still on their website.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:172" href="#fn:172">172</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:173" href="#fn:173">173</a> A 2013 talk by <a href="/facts/Graham_Hancock/vkVUqVHL">Graham Hancock</a>, promoting the use of the drug <a href="/facts/N%2cN-Dimethyltryptamine/oIPCXryU">DMT</a>, was treated the same way.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:174" href="#fn:174">174</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:175" href="#fn:175">175</a>
According to Professor <a href="/facts/Benjamin_H._Bratton/9pyQEDbM">Benjamin Bratton</a> at <a href="/facts/University_of_California%2c_San_Diego/srMClpNv">University of California, San Diego</a>, TED Talks' efforts at fostering progress in <a href="/facts/Socio-economics/ywuuTTUN">socio-economics</a>, science, philosophy and technology have been ineffective.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:176" href="#fn:176">176</a> Chris Anderson responded that some critics misunderstood TED's goals, failing to recognise that it aimed to instill excitement in audiences in the same ways speakers felt it. He said that TED wished only to bring awareness of significant topics to larger audiences.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:177" href="#fn:177">177</a>

<h2 id="in-popular-culture">In popular culture</h2>
The <a href="/facts/Alien_(franchise)/hnqNWNKa">Alien franchise</a> features a fictional portrayal of a 2023 TED Conference, in the form of a <a href="/facts/Alien_(franchise)/hnqNWNKa">short film</a> called "The Peter Weyland Files: TED Conference, 2023".<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:178" href="#fn:178">178</a> It was a part of the <a href="/facts/TED_2023/BttTgQeN">viral marketing campaign</a> for the franchise's film <a href="/facts/Prometheus_(2012_film)/BttTgQeN">Prometheus</a> (2012).
<a href="/facts/Family_Guy_season_20/Ng1S1JBK">Episode 08</a>, season 20 of the animated TV series <a href="/facts/Family_Guy/J7wmfbrv">Family Guy</a> features a cutaway scene of <a href="/facts/Peter_Griffin/gT0YHdQE">Peter Griffin</a> giving a TED talk about birthdays.
Australian alternative rock band <a href="/facts/TISM/oo4y3QKV">TISM</a> parodied TED talks at their 2 March 2024 concert in <a href="/facts/Launceston%2c_Tasmania/wnyCEW0q">Launceston, Tasmania</a> as "TISM Talks", which included a skit parodying TED talks running behind the band for the duration of the show.
Episode 16 of series 2 of the TV series <a href="/facts/Elementary_(TV_series)/U958NAgj">Elementary</a>, "The One Percent Solution", features ex-<a href="/facts/Scotland_Yard/pKHGytN9">Scotland Yard</a> <a href="/facts/Inspector_Lestrade/vhEvRS7P">Inspector Gareth Lestrade</a> presenting a "DUG Chat". According to a tweet from the @ELEMENTARYstaff Twitter account,<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:179" href="#fn:179">179</a> "We had to call them 'Dug' chats because we weren't allowed to use the name 'Ted Talk'".

<h2 id="see-also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>Science portal</li><li>Technology portal</li><li>Society portal</li><li>New York (state) portal</li></ul>
<ul><li><a href="/facts/List_of_educational_video_websites/IB1at7n8">List of educational video websites</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Change.org/BIeM3Bsr">Change.org</a></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Chautauqua/LBrp1Nkm">Chautauqua</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>

Wikimedia Commons has media related to TED (conference).

<ul><li><a href="https://ted.com">Official website</a> </li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">"Our organization". TED.com. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">"Our organization". TED.com. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">"Introducing TED's new tagline". ted.com. April 8, 2024. Retrieved November 25, 2024. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/ideas-change-everything/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/ideas-change-everything/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">"History of TED". TED: Ideas Worth Spreading. TED Conferences LLC. Retrieved May 11, 2016. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/history-of-ted#:~:text=TED%20was,Marks" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/history-of-ted#:~:text=TED%20was,Marks</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"Happy 30th birthday, compact disc! Watch a demo from the first TED, in 1984 | TED Blog". October 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/happy-30th-birthday-compact-disc-watch-a-demo-from-the-first-ted-in-1984/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/happy-30th-birthday-compact-disc-watch-a-demo-from-the-first-ted-in-1984/</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">"What is a TED talk?". TechTarget. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/TED-talk#:~:text=The%20first%20TED%20conference,since%201990." target="_blank">https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/TED-talk#:~:text=The%20first%20TED%20conference,since%201990.</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">Cadwalladr, Carole (July 24, 2005). "What's the big idea?". The Guardian. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="/wiki/Carole_Cadwalladr" target="_blank">/wiki/Carole_Cadwalladr</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:8">"Our organization". TED.com. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization#:~:text=is,languages</a> <a href="#fnref:8" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:9">"TED Talks". Mashable.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://mashable.com/category/ted/" target="_blank">https://mashable.com/category/ted/</a> <a href="#fnref:9" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:10">"About our Organization: How TED works, and who owns TED". TED: Ideas Worth Sharing. TED Conferences, LLC. Retrieved October 31, 2011. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works</a> <a href="#fnref:10" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:11">"Detailed reports – Sapling foundation, New York". nonprofitfacts.com. Non profit facts. Retrieved September 11, 2001. <a href="http://www.nonprofitfacts.com/NY/Sapling-Foundation.html#balanceSheets" target="_blank">http://www.nonprofitfacts.com/NY/Sapling-Foundation.html#balanceSheets</a> <a href="#fnref:11" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:12">"Chris Anderson is the curator of TED". DumboFeather.com. 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://www.dumbofeather.com/conversations/chris-anderson-is-the-curator-of-ted/" target="_blank">https://www.dumbofeather.com/conversations/chris-anderson-is-the-curator-of-ted/</a> <a href="#fnref:12" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:13">"Past TEDs". TED. Retrieved August 31, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/conferences/past-teds" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/conferences/past-teds</a> <a href="#fnref:13" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:14">"The next chapter: TED headed to Vancouver in 2014, TEDActive hitting the slopes of Whistler". TED Blog. February 4, 2013. Retrieved February 5, 2013. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/the-next-chapter-ted-headed-to-vancouver-in-2014-tedactive-hitting-the-slopes-of-whistler/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/the-next-chapter-ted-headed-to-vancouver-in-2014-tedactive-hitting-the-slopes-of-whistler/</a> <a href="#fnref:14" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:15">Fidelman, Mark (June 19, 2012). "Here's Why TED and TEDx are So Incredibly Appealing (infographic)". Forbes. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/markfidelman/2012/06/19/heres-why-ted-and-tedx-are-so-incredibly-appealing-infographic/" target="_blank">https://www.forbes.com/sites/markfidelman/2012/06/19/heres-why-ted-and-tedx-are-so-incredibly-appealing-infographic/</a> <a href="#fnref:15" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:16">Rosenbloom, Stephanie (September 24, 2010). "A Conference Makes Learning Free (and Sexy)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/fashion/26TEDX.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/fashion/26TEDX.html</a> <a href="#fnref:16" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:17">Hefferman, Virginia (January 23, 2009). "Confessions of a TED addict". The New York Times Magazine (The Medium). Archived from the original on November 24, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124051138/www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25wwln-medium-t.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111124051138/www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25wwln-medium-t.html</a> <a href="#fnref:17" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:18">Kessler, Sarah (April 27, 2011). "With 500 Million Views, TED Talks Provide Hope for Intelligent Internet Video". Mashable. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://mashable.com/archive/ted-anniversary" target="_blank">https://mashable.com/archive/ted-anniversary</a> <a href="#fnref:18" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:19">"Meet the man who created TED in 1984". CBS News. September 9, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ted-creator-60-minutes-overtime/" target="_blank">https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ted-creator-60-minutes-overtime/</a> <a href="#fnref:19" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:20">Hefferman, Virginia (January 23, 2009). "Confessions of a TED addict". The New York Times Magazine (The Medium). Archived from the original on November 24, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2014. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124051138/www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25wwln-medium-t.html" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111124051138/www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25wwln-medium-t.html</a> <a href="#fnref:20" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:21">Cadwalladr, Carole (July 4, 2010). "Ted – the ultimate forum for blue-sky thinking". The Guardian. Retrieved September 20, 2012. <a href="/wiki/Carole_Cadwalladr" target="_blank">/wiki/Carole_Cadwalladr</a> <a href="#fnref:21" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:22">"History of TED | Our Organization | About". TED. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="http://www.ted.com/pages/16" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/pages/16</a> <a href="#fnref:22" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:23">"A last hurrah at the Monterey Conference Center, 31 years later". TED Blog. May 27, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2019. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/a-last-hurrah-at-the-monterey-conference-center-31-years-later/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/a-last-hurrah-at-the-monterey-conference-center-31-years-later/</a> <a href="#fnref:23" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:24">May, Tina (February 28, 2008). "Will the TED conference elite yield something concrete for the rest of us?". Monterey County Weekly. Retrieved August 12, 2019. <a href="http://www.montereycountyweekly.com/news/cover/will-the-ted-conference-elite-yield-something-concrete-for-the/article_7fe99b74-56c5-55f0-93e0-973d191e3f54.html" target="_blank">http://www.montereycountyweekly.com/news/cover/will-the-ted-conference-elite-yield-something-concrete-for-the/article_7fe99b74-56c5-55f0-93e0-973d191e3f54.html</a> <a href="#fnref:24" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:25">Kim, Victoria (January 16, 2008). "Long Beach to host influential TED conference". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 13, 2010. <a href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jan-16-fi-ted16-story.html" target="_blank">https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jan-16-fi-ted16-story.html</a> <a href="#fnref:25" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:26">"History of TED | Our Organization | About". TED. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="http://www.ted.com/pages/16" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/pages/16</a> <a href="#fnref:26" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:27">"About our Organization: How TED works, and who owns TED". TED: Ideas Worth Sharing. TED Conferences, LLC. Retrieved October 31, 2011. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works</a> <a href="#fnref:27" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:28">Brown, Mick (April 29, 2016). "'I was losing $1 million a day, every day for 18 months': Meet Chris Anderson, the man behind TED talks". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved October 11, 2016. <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/i-was-losing-1-million-a-day-every-day-for-18-months-meet-chris/" target="_blank">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/thinking-man/i-was-losing-1-million-a-day-every-day-for-18-months-meet-chris/</a> <a href="#fnref:28" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:29">Anderson, Chris. "TED's nonprofit transition". ted.com. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/chris_anderson_shares_his_vision_for_ted.html" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/chris_anderson_shares_his_vision_for_ted.html</a> <a href="#fnref:29" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:30">Sancton, Julian (March 22, 2012). "TED Goes to the Movies With 'Prometheus' Promotion". Bloomberg Businessweek. Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324060231/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-03-22/ted-goes-to-the-movies-with-prometheus-promotion" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120324060231/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-03-22/ted-goes-to-the-movies-with-prometheus-promotion</a> <a href="#fnref:30" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:31">Bennett, Sarah (February 6, 2013). "TED Conference Announces Move To Vancouver For 2014". Long Beach Post. Retrieved April 7, 2024. <a href="https://lbpost.com/news/ted-conference-announces-move-to-vancouver-for-2014-3/" target="_blank">https://lbpost.com/news/ted-conference-announces-move-to-vancouver-for-2014-3/</a> <a href="#fnref:31" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:32">"How TED Works". TED.com. Retrieved May 18, 2015. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works</a> <a href="#fnref:32" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:33">Ochoa, Rosmari. "Technology, Entertainment and Design (TED): A case study on how complementary on- and off-line approaches can build community and cultivate platforms for innovation and creativity" (PDF). American University School of Communication. American University. Retrieved May 18, 2015. <a href="https://www.american.edu/soc/communication/upload/Rosemari-Ochoa.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.american.edu/soc/communication/upload/Rosemari-Ochoa.pdf</a> <a href="#fnref:33" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:34">"Who we are - Our organization - About - TED". TED.com. Retrieved June 19, 2015. <a href="http://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/who-we-are" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/who-we-are</a> <a href="#fnref:34" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:35">"How TED works". TED. Retrieved February 19, 2020. <a href="https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/about/our-organization/how-ted-works</a> <a href="#fnref:35" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:36">Pitoi, Seik (January 17, 2020). "Excellent learning platform". The National (Papua New Guinea). Retrieved February 19, 2020. <a href="https://www.thenational.com.pg/excellent-learning-platform/" target="_blank">https://www.thenational.com.pg/excellent-learning-platform/</a> <a href="#fnref:36" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:37">"TED launches TED Audio Collective for podcasts | TED Blog". Blog.ted.com. February 22, 2021. Retrieved July 18, 2022. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/ted-launches-ted-audio-collective-for-podcasts/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/ted-launches-ted-audio-collective-for-podcasts/</a> <a href="#fnref:37" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:38">"Bristol mayor flies nine hours for TED climate conference". BBC News. May 28, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2022. <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-61596817" target="_blank">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-61596817</a> <a href="#fnref:38" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:39">Giussani, Bruno (August 15, 2011). "TED 2008 / Day 2: Dave Eggers and Tutoring, Neil Turok and the next African Einstein, Karen Armstrong and the Charter for Compassion | February 28, 2008". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016. <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Giussani" target="_blank">/wiki/Bruno_Giussani</a> <a href="#fnref:39" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:40">"TED Prize | Participate | TED". tedprize.org. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="http://www.tedprize.org/" target="_blank">http://www.tedprize.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:40" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:41">"2005 Winners". TED Prize. Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081221135816/http://www.tedprize.org/2005-winners/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20081221135816/http://www.tedprize.org/2005-winners/</a> <a href="#fnref:41" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:42">"2006 Winners". TED Prize. Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081221140616/http://www.tedprize.org/2006-winners/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20081221140616/http://www.tedprize.org/2006-winners/</a> <a href="#fnref:42" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:43">"2007 Winners". TED Prize. Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081221140003/http://www.tedprize.org/2007-winners/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20081221140003/http://www.tedprize.org/2007-winners/</a> <a href="#fnref:43" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:44">"2008 Winners". TED Prize. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100118072829/http://www.tedprize.org/2008-winners/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20100118072829/http://www.tedprize.org/2008-winners/</a> <a href="#fnref:44" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:45">"2009 Winners". TED Prize. Archived from the original on December 28, 2011. Retrieved November 30, 2008. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111228150911/http://www.tedprize.org/2009-winners/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20111228150911/http://www.tedprize.org/2009-winners/</a> <a href="#fnref:45" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:46">"Congratulations Jamie Oliver – 2010 TED Prize Winner". TED Prize. Archived from the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved December 21, 2009. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091224073803/http://www.tedprize.org/jamie-oliver/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20091224073803/http://www.tedprize.org/jamie-oliver/</a> <a href="#fnref:46" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:47">"JR". TED Prize. Archived from the original on March 1, 2013. Retrieved October 20, 2010. <a href="http://www.ted.com/pages/prizewinner_jr" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/pages/prizewinner_jr</a> <a href="#fnref:47" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:48">"CITY2.0". thecity2.org. Archived from the original on March 3, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120303211614/http://www.thecity2.org/splash.php" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20120303211614/http://www.thecity2.org/splash.php</a> <a href="#fnref:48" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:49">"Sugata Mitra". TED Prize. Archived from the original on May 13, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2013. <a href="http://www.ted.com/pages/prizewinner_sugata_mitra" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/pages/prizewinner_sugata_mitra</a> <a href="#fnref:49" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:50">"Charmian Gooch of Global Witness wins the TED Prize; will reveal wish for the world at TED2014". TED Blog. March 5, 2014. Retrieved March 5, 2014. <a href="http://blog.ted.com/2014/03/05/charmian-gooch-wins-the-ted-prize-will-reveal-wish-at-ted2014/" target="_blank">http://blog.ted.com/2014/03/05/charmian-gooch-wins-the-ted-prize-will-reveal-wish-at-ted2014/</a> <a href="#fnref:50" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:51">"Announcing our TED Prize 2015 winner: Dave Isay of StoryCorps". TED Blog. November 17, 2014. Retrieved March 21, 2015. <a href="http://blog.ted.com/announcing-our-ted-prize-2015-winner-dave-isay-of-storycorps/" target="_blank">http://blog.ted.com/announcing-our-ted-prize-2015-winner-dave-isay-of-storycorps/</a> <a href="#fnref:51" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:52">"2016 TED Prize winner". TED. Archived from the original on November 11, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2015. <a href="http://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/sarah-parcak" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/sarah-parcak</a> <a href="#fnref:52" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:53">"Raj Panjabi's big idea for rural healthcare". TED. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 30, 2016. <a href="https://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/raj-panjabi" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/raj-panjabi</a> <a href="#fnref:53" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:54">"A gathering place for urban citizens to share innovations and inspire action". City 2.0. Retrieved July 12, 2014. <a href="http://www.thecity2.org/" target="_blank">http://www.thecity2.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:54" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:55">"Charmian Gooch: Anti-corruption activist". TED. Retrieved July 12, 2014. Global Witness co-founder Charmian Gooch is the 2014 TED Prize winner. At her NGO she exposes how a global architecture of corruption is woven into the extraction and exploitation of natural resources. <a href="http://www.ted.com/speakers/charmian_gooch" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/speakers/charmian_gooch</a> <a href="#fnref:55" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:56">"Edward Burtynsky inspires sustainability". TED. Retrieved September 17, 2016. <a href="https://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/the-greens" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/participate/ted-prize/prize-winning-wishes/the-greens</a> <a href="#fnref:56" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:57">"8 Talks to Inspire TED Prize Wishes". TED Blog. March 5, 2015. Retrieved October 3, 2023. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/8-talks-to-inspire-ted-prize-wishes/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/8-talks-to-inspire-ted-prize-wishes/</a> <a href="#fnref:57" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:58">"The Audacious Project". The Audacious Project. Retrieved February 13, 2020. <a href="https://www.audaciousproject.org/" target="_blank">https://www.audaciousproject.org/</a> <a href="#fnref:58" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:59">Tedeschi, Bob (April 16, 2007). "Giving Away Information, but Increasing Revenue". The New York Times. Retrieved September 30, 2018. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/16/technology/16ecom.html" target="_blank">https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/16/technology/16ecom.html</a> <a href="#fnref:59" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:97">"Dalia Mogahed on Islam in the world today". The TED Interview. November 6, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_dalia_mogahed_on_islam_in_the_world_today" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_dalia_mogahed_on_islam_in_the_world_today</a> <a href="#fnref:97" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:99">"Robin Steinberg's quest to reform cash bail". The TED Interview. November 20, 2018. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_robin_steinberg_s_quest_to_reform_cash_bail" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_robin_steinberg_s_quest_to_reform_cash_bail</a> <a href="#fnref:99" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:108">"David Brooks on political healing". The TED Interview. May 30, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_david_brooks_on_political_healing" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_david_brooks_on_political_healing</a> <a href="#fnref:108" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:110">"Susan Cain takes us into the mind of an introvert". The TED Interview. June 11, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_susan_cain_takes_us_into_the_mind_of_an_introvert" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_susan_cain_takes_us_into_the_mind_of_an_introvert</a> <a href="#fnref:110" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:112">"Sylvia Earle makes a case for our oceans". The TED Interview. June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_sylvia_earle_makes_a_case_for_our_oceans" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_sylvia_earle_makes_a_case_for_our_oceans</a> <a href="#fnref:112" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:119">"The TED Interview: Anil Seth explores the mystery of consciousness". The TED Interview. October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_anil_seth_explores_the_mystery_of_consciousness" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_anil_seth_explores_the_mystery_of_consciousness</a> <a href="#fnref:119" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:121">"The TED Interview: Michael Tubbs on politics as a force for good". The TED Interview. October 30, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_michael_tubbs_on_politics_as_a_force_for_good" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_michael_tubbs_on_politics_as_a_force_for_good</a> <a href="#fnref:121" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:122">"Kate Raworth argues that rethinking economics can save our planet". The TED Interview. November 5, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_kate_raworth_argues_that_rethinking_economics_can_save_our_planet" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_kate_raworth_argues_that_rethinking_economics_can_save_our_planet</a> <a href="#fnref:122" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:123">"The TED Interview: Donald Hoffman has a radical new theory on how we experience reality". The TED Interview. November 13, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2022. <a href="https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_donald_hoffman_has_a_radical_new_theory_on_how_we_experience_reality" target="_blank">https://www.ted.com/talks/the_ted_interview_donald_hoffman_has_a_radical_new_theory_on_how_we_experience_reality</a> <a href="#fnref:123" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:165">Tankersley, Jim (May 2012). "Too Hot for TED: Income Equality". National Journal. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved May 16, 2012. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150709061031/https://www.nationaljournal.com/features/restoration-calls/too-hot-for-ted-income-inequality-20120516/" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20150709061031/https://www.nationaljournal.com/features/restoration-calls/too-hot-for-ted-income-inequality-20120516/</a> <a href="#fnref:165" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:166">"TED Censors Seattle Multimillionaire Nick Hanauer's Talk On Income Inequality, Taxing The Rich". International Business Times. May 17, 2012. Retrieved February 12, 2015. <a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/342291/20120517/ted-censors-nick-hanauer-talk-income-inequality.htm" target="_blank">http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/342291/20120517/ted-censors-nick-hanauer-talk-income-inequality.htm</a> <a href="#fnref:166" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:167">"TEDChris: The untweetable". tedchris.posterous.com. May 17, 2012. Archived from the original on April 30, 2013. Retrieved June 18, 2016. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430135514/http://tedchris.posterous.com/131417405" target="_blank">https://web.archive.org/web/20130430135514/http://tedchris.posterous.com/131417405</a> <a href="#fnref:167" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:168">Upbin, Bruce (May 17, 2012). "The Real Reason That TED Talk Was 'Censored'? It's Shoddy And Dumb". Forbes. Retrieved June 21, 2012. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2012/05/17/the-real-reason-that-ted-talk-was-censored-its-shoddy-and-dumb/" target="_blank">https://www.forbes.com/sites/bruceupbin/2012/05/17/the-real-reason-that-ted-talk-was-censored-its-shoddy-and-dumb/</a> <a href="#fnref:168" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:169">"The Approval Matrix". New York magazine. May 28, 2012. <a href="http://nymag.com/arts/all/approvalmatrix/approval-matrix-2012-5-28/" target="_blank">http://nymag.com/arts/all/approvalmatrix/approval-matrix-2012-5-28/</a> <a href="#fnref:169" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:170">"When TED Lost Control of Its Crowd". Harvard Business Review. April 1, 2013. ISSN 0017-8012. Retrieved September 13, 2024. <a href="https://hbr.org/2013/04/when-ted-lost-control-of-its-crowd" target="_blank">https://hbr.org/2013/04/when-ted-lost-control-of-its-crowd</a> <a href="#fnref:170" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:171">Copeland, Michael V. (December 7, 2012). "Pseudoscience Saps the Power of TEDx Brand". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved September 13, 2024. <a href="https://www.wired.com/2012/12/pseudo-science-saps-the-power-of-tedx/" target="_blank">https://www.wired.com/2012/12/pseudo-science-saps-the-power-of-tedx/</a> <a href="#fnref:171" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:172">"The debate about Rupert Sheldrake's talk". TED. March 19, 2013. <a href="http://blog.ted.com/2013/03/19/the-debate-about-rupert-sheldrakes-talk/" target="_blank">http://blog.ted.com/2013/03/19/the-debate-about-rupert-sheldrakes-talk/</a> <a href="#fnref:172" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:174">"The debate about Graham Hancock's talk". TED Blog. March 19, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2019. <a href="https://blog.ted.com/the-debate-about-graham-hancocks-talk/" target="_blank">https://blog.ted.com/the-debate-about-graham-hancocks-talk/</a> <a href="#fnref:174" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
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<li id="fn:178">"The Peter Weyland Files: TED Conference, 2023 (Video 2012)". IMDb. October 9, 2012. <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5362760" target="_blank">https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5362760</a> <a href="#fnref:178" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:179">"ELEMENTARYStaff". Twitter. February 28, 2014. <a href="https://x.com/ELEMENTARYStaff/status/439236884066086912" target="_blank">https://x.com/ELEMENTARYStaff/status/439236884066086912</a> <a href="#fnref:179" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

TED (conference) open-in-new

TED (conference)