Greivenkamp, John E. (2004). Field Guide to Geometrical Optics. SPIE Field Guides. Vol. 1. SPIE. pp. 19–20. ISBN 0-8194-5294-7. 0-8194-5294-7
Weisstein, Eric W. (2007). "Paraxial Approximation". ScienceWorld. Wolfram Research. Retrieved 15 January 2014. /wiki/Eric_W._Weisstein
Greivenkamp, John E. (2004). Field Guide to Geometrical Optics. SPIE Field Guides. Vol. 1. SPIE. pp. 19–20. ISBN 0-8194-5294-7. 0-8194-5294-7
Greivenkamp, John E. (2004). Field Guide to Geometrical Optics. SPIE Field Guides. Vol. 1. SPIE. pp. 19–20. ISBN 0-8194-5294-7. 0-8194-5294-7
Greivenkamp, John E. (2004). Field Guide to Geometrical Optics. SPIE Field Guides. Vol. 1. SPIE. pp. 19–20. ISBN 0-8194-5294-7. 0-8194-5294-7
"Paraxial approximation error plot". Wolfram Alpha. Wolfram Research. Retrieved 26 August 2014. http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Plot%5B{%28x+Deg+-+Sin%5Bx+Deg%5D%29%2FSin%5Bx+Deg%5D%2C+%28Tan%5Bx+Deg%5D+-+x+Deg%29%2FTan%5Bx+Deg%5D%2C+%281+-+Cos%5Bx+Deg%5D%29%2FCos%5Bx+Deg%5D}%2C+{x%2C+0%2C+15}%5D