Depositional environment

<h2 id="types-of-depositional-environments">Types of depositional environments</h2>

Continental<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:1" href="#fn:1">1</a><a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:2" href="#fn:2">2</a>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Alluvial/Bo78QRlp">Alluvial</a> – Loose soil or sediment that is eroded and redeposited in a non-marine settingPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – type of Fluvial deposit. Caused by moving water in a fan shape (Alluvial Fan) and containing mostly impermeable and nonporous sediments well sorted.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Aeolian_processes/HpjdrW4l">Aeolian</a> – Processes due to wind activity. Often in deserts and coastal regions and well sorted, large scale cross-beds</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Fluvial/nkLrSheo">Fluvial</a> – Natural flowing freshwater streamPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – processes due to moving water, mainly streams. Common sediments are gravel, sand, and silt.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lacustrine_deposits/3nXRC5Gj">Lacustrine</a> – Sediment deposited by a lake – processes due to moving water, mainly lakes. Common sediments are sand, silt, and clay.</li></ul>
Transitional<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:3" href="#fn:3">3</a>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/River_delta/fmWuaRqX">Deltaic</a> – Silt deposition landform at the mouth of a river (possible cross beds, ripple marks)<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:4" href="#fn:4">4</a> Common sediments are sand, silt, and clay.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Tide/zNstvWPv">Tide</a> – Rise and fall of the sea level under astronomical gravitational influences – processes due to tidal currents, creates tidal flats (fine-grained, ripple marks, cross-beds).<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5">5</a> Common sediments are silt and clay</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lagoon/IBp4ez2D">Lagoonal</a> – Shallow body of water separated from a larger one by a narrow landform. Little transportation, creates lagoon bottom environment. Common sediments are <a href="/facts/Carbonate/FES1QHkN">carbonates</a> (in tropical climates).</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Beach/P8dhamMd">Beach</a> – Area of loose particles at the edge of the sea or other body of water. Caused by waves and longshore currents. Creates beaches, spits, and sandbars with the common sediments of gravel and sand.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lake/YP0xxn0E">Lake</a> – Large inland body of relatively still water</li></ul>
Marine<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:6" href="#fn:6">6</a>

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Shallow_water_marine_environment/2NdNHpc8">Shallow water marine environment</a> – processes due to waves and tidal currents, creates shelves and slopes, lagoons. Common sediments are carbonates (in tropical climates) or sand, silt, and clay (elsewhere)
<ul><li><a href="/facts/Upper_shoreface/dAHoRWFT">Upper shoreface</a> – Portion of the seafloor that is shallow enough to be agitated by everyday wave action</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Lower_shoreface/e7fp8W8K">Lower shoreface</a> – Part of the seafloor undisturbed by waves</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Abyssal_plain/UWv7Tt5b">Deep water marine environment</a> – Flat area on the deep ocean floor (abyssal plains) caused by ocean currents. Common sediments are clay, carbonate mud, silica mud.</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Reef/eHTITdLb">Reef</a> – Shoal of rock, coral, or other material lying beneath the surface of water caused by waves and tidal currents. Also creates adjacent basins. Common sediments are carbonates.</li></ul>
Others

<ul><li><a href="/facts/Evaporite/vNW8fcEy">Evaporite</a> – Water-soluble mineral deposit formed by evaporation from an aqueous solution</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Glacial/alIAm38r">Glacial</a> – Persistent body of ice that moves downhill under its own weightPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
<ul><li>Till – angular to rounded grains, poorly sorted, unstratified (massive)</li>
<li>Outwash – ripple marks, cross-beds, similar to stream channel<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:7" href="#fn:7">7</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/facts/Volcanic/c2M5upml">Volcanic</a> – Rupture in a planet's crust where material escapesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</li>
<li><a href="/facts/Tsunami_deposit/qXzrDJSj">Tsunami</a> – Sedimentary unit deposited by a tsunami</li></ul>
<h2 id="recognition-of-depositional-environments-in-ancient-sediments">Recognition of depositional environments in ancient sediments</h2>
Depositional environments in ancient sediments are recognised using a combination of <a href="/facts/Facies/G73u7SIg">sedimentary facies</a>, facies associations, <a href="/facts/Sedimentary_structures/8wB6ocm9">sedimentary structures</a> and <a href="/facts/Fossil/by7NzIA1">fossils</a>, particularly <a href="/facts/Trace_fossil/kaucgzNj">trace fossil</a> assemblages, as they indicate the environment in which they lived.

<ul><li>Harold G. Reading. 1996. Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Publishing Limited.</li></ul>
<h2 id="external-links">External links</h2>
<ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090228095248/http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~pgore/geology/historical_lab/environmentchart.htm">Sedimentary Environments Classification Charts</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.enotes.com/earth-science/depositional-environments">Depositional environments on e-notes</a></li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1">"Basics—Table of Depositional Environments". commons.wvc.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html" target="_blank">https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:2">Earle, Steven (September 2015). "6.3 Depositional Environments and Sedimentary Basins – Physical Geology". Physical Geology. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/" target="_blank">https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:3">Earle, Steven (September 2015). "6.3 Depositional Environments and Sedimentary Basins – Physical Geology". Physical Geology. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/" target="_blank">https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:4">"Basics—Table of Depositional Environments". commons.wvc.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html" target="_blank">https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:5">"Basics—Table of Depositional Environments". commons.wvc.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html" target="_blank">https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:6">Earle, Steven (September 2015). "6.3 Depositional Environments and Sedimentary Basins – Physical Geology". Physical Geology. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/" target="_blank">https://opentextbc.ca/geology/chapter/6-3-depositional-environments-and-sedimentary-basins/</a> <a href="#fnref:6" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
<li id="fn:7">"Basics—Table of Depositional Environments". commons.wvc.edu. Retrieved 2020-01-13. <a href="https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html" target="_blank">https://commons.wvc.edu/rdawes/G101OCL/Basics/BscsTables/depenv.html</a> <a href="#fnref:7" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></li>
</ol>

Depositional environment open-in-new

Depositional environment