Structural shape rolling

<h2 id="process">Process</h2>
<p>Structural shape rolling uses <a href="/facts/Profile_rolling/FQ6AQVld">profile rolling</a> techniques where the workpiece is passed through a series of flatteners (of larger magnitude than most common rolling devices) that match the workpieces' cross-section. The most common method uses 3 rollers; the bending is controlled by varying the distance between the rollers.
</p><p>Structural shapes can be rolled in different ways such as the “easy-way”, the “hard-way”, heel in/out, ball in/out, leg in/out, stem in/out, and off axis. The hard-way would be bending the workpiece in the orientation where its <a href="/facts/Moment_of_inertia/TpLLAVl7">moment of inertia</a> is the greatest.  The easy-way is bending the workpiece along the axis with the smallest moment of inertia.  For example, a piece of <a href="/facts/Angle_iron/u5UsVypD">angle iron</a> rolled the easy-way would be rolled along one of its flanges, while the hard-way would be along the angle itself.<a class="footnote-ref" id="fnref:5" href="#fn:5"><sup>5</sup></a>
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<h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2>
<ul><li>Schrader, George F.; Elshennawy, Ahmad K. (2000). <i>Manufacturing Processes & Materials</i> (4th ed.). Industrial Press. <a href="/facts/ISBN_(identifier)/15AdSPa9">ISBN</a> 978-0831132026.</li></ul>

<h2 id="references">References</h2>

<ol>
<li id="fn:1"><p>Boljanovic, Vukota (2009). Metal Shaping Processes. New York: Industrial Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780831133801. <a href="9780831133801" target="_blank">9780831133801</a> <a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:2"><p>Boljanovic, Vukota (2009). Metal Shaping Processes. New York: Industrial Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780831133801. <a href="9780831133801" target="_blank">9780831133801</a> <a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:3"><p>"Rolled Structural Shapes". Arntzen Rolling. Arntzen Corporation. <a href="https://www.arntzenrolling.com/rolled-structural-shapes.html" target="_blank">https://www.arntzenrolling.com/rolled-structural-shapes.html</a> <a href="#fnref:3" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:4"><p>How We Form Steel to Bend Metal Pipes and Tubing (roll forming) <a href="http://www.paramount-roll.com/services/process.asp" target="_blank">http://www.paramount-roll.com/services/process.asp</a> <a href="#fnref:4" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
<li id="fn:5"><p>http://www.aasteelfab.com/structural_methods.php [dead link] <a href="http://www.aasteelfab.com/structural_methods.php" target="_blank">http://www.aasteelfab.com/structural_methods.php</a> <a href="#fnref:5" class="footnote-back-ref">↩</a></p></li>
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Structural shape rolling open-in-new

Structural shape rolling